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Author: Björn Hettne
Publisher: Longman Publishing Group
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Provides a stimulating and substantive intellectual history of social science and development theories, helping towards an understanding of development theory and development problems in the three worlds. Describes early, primarily European, theories on development and how they were enriched, challenged and transformed in response to Third World realities. It moves on to discuss how this body of theory, Marxist and non-Marxist, has become increasingly relevant for understanding structural development problems, which are occurring in the rich world, and the relationships between development theory and the mainstream social sciences.
Author: Björn Hettne
Publisher: Longman Publishing Group
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Get Book Here
Book Description
Provides a stimulating and substantive intellectual history of social science and development theories, helping towards an understanding of development theory and development problems in the three worlds. Describes early, primarily European, theories on development and how they were enriched, challenged and transformed in response to Third World realities. It moves on to discuss how this body of theory, Marxist and non-Marxist, has become increasingly relevant for understanding structural development problems, which are occurring in the rich world, and the relationships between development theory and the mainstream social sciences.
Author: Britt Glatzeder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642031293
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 405
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Book Description
What is Thinking? – Trying to Define an Equally Fascinating and Elusive Phenomenon Human thinking is probably the most complex phenomenon that evolution has come up with until now. There exists a broad spectrum of definitions, from subs- ing almost all processes of cognition to limiting it to language-based, sometimes even only to formalizable reasoning processes. We work with a “medium sized” definition according to which thinking encompasses all operations by which cog- tive agents link mental content in order to gain new insights or perspectives. Mental content is, thus, a prerequisite for and the substrate on which thinking operations are executed. The largely unconscious acts of perceptual object stabilization, ca- gorization, emotional evaluation – and retrieving all the above from memory inscriptions – are the processes by which mental content is generated, and are, therefore, seen as prerequisites for thinking operations. In terms of a differentia specifica, the notion of “thinking” is seen as narrower than the notion of “cognition” and as wider than the notion of “reasoning”. Thinking is, thus, seen as a subset of cognition processes; and reasoning processes are seen as a subset of thinking. Besides reasoning, the notion of thinking includes also nonexplicit, intuitive, and associative processes of linking mental content. According to this definition, thinking is not dependant on language, i. e. also many animals and certainly all mammals show early forms of thinking.
Author: Alessandro Minelli
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191651184
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
Is it possible to explain and predict the development of living things? What is development? Articulate answers to these seemingly innocuous questions are far from straightforward. To date, no systematic, targeted effort has been made to construct a unifying theory of development. This novel work offers a unique exploration of the foundations of ontogeny by asking how the development of living things should be understood. It explores the key concepts of developmental biology, asks whether general principles of development can be discovered, and examines the role of models and theories. The two editors (one a biologist with long interest in the theoretical aspects of his discipline, the other a philosopher of science who has mainly worked on biological systems) have assembled a team of leading contributors who are representative of the scientific and philosophical community within which a diversity of thoughts are growing, and out of which a theory of development may eventually emerge. They analyse a wealth of approaches to concepts, models and theories of development, such as gene regulatory networks, accounts based on systems biology and on physics of soft matter, the different articulations of evolution and development, symbiont-induced development, as well as the widely discussed concepts of positional information and morphogenetic field, the idea of a 'programme' of development and its critiques, and the long-standing opposition between preformationist and epigenetic conceptions of development. Towards a Theory of Development is primarily aimed at students and researchers in the fields of 'evo-devo', developmental biology, theoretical biology, systems biology, biophysics, and the philosophy of science.
Author: Sung-Hee Jwa
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1785367994
Category : Capitalism
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
This book makes the bold attempt at proposing a new general theory of economic development. The main premise is that economic institutions and policies must embody ‘economic discrimination’ if there is to be any chance of real economic development. By economic discrimination, the author means ‘treating differences differently’ by selecting and supporting economic entities and behaviour that contribute positively to the economy. The book identifies markets, government and corporations as the ‘holy trinity of economic development’, that is, the three most important institutions that must work together via economic discrimination to steer the economy towards real transformative progress. The book also warns against the current trend of economic egalitarianism or ‘not treating differences differently’ because it destroys economic incentives and results in an array of economic problems including growth stagnation.
Author: Frances Degen Horowitz
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317766725
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Through the evaluation and integration of developmental theories, this volume proposes a new structural/behavioral model of development. Dr. Horowitz’s model helps account for both the behavioral development of children (with extensions across the life-span) and for the universal and non-universal characteristics in human behavioral development. Exploring Developmental Theories also sheds a new and different light on the nature- nurture or heredity-environment controversy and on the topic of continuity and discontinuity in development. Exploring Developmental Theories: *examines the concepts of stage, structure, and systems; organismic theory; and general system theory; *analyzes open and closed systems as well as organismic and mechanistic world views; *integrates the concepts associated with organismic and mechanist world views; *examines learning mechanisms and processes that foster the acquisition of behavior, and *discusses the strengths and weaknesses of Gessel, Piaget, and behaviorism in accounting for behavioral development.
Author: B. S. Hoyle
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136866043
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
This book, originally published in 1983, demonstrates the importance of seaports in the growth of less-developed countries. The author focuses on the character of port activity within the context of transport systems and regional economic planning. General principles of port development are illustrated by detailed reference to one Third World port group, that of the Indian Ocean coasts of Kenya and Tanzania. The objective is not merely to illustrate the character of one specific group of ports, but to demonstrate methods of analysis and to underline the crucial role of ports in the development process.
Author: Tomas Casas-Klett
Publisher: de Gruyter
ISBN: 9783110738902
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Institutions, the humanly devised constraints of economic activity, are outcomes of elite agency. Leveraging ideas from economics, sociology, politics, and strategic management, this book proposes an 'elite theory of economic development'. The overarching goal is to foster sustainable value creation at the elite business model level. This work also aims to contribute to transformational leadership, and links are made to the annual Elite Quality Index (EQx), a measure of the value creation of national elites. Presents a theory of society, the economy, and the way the world actually is. Provides lucid analysis on elites and their contribution to economic and human development. Suggests practical frameworks and measurements for sustainable value creation and appropriation.
Author: Katie Willis
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 0415300525
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Throughout the twentieth century, governments sought to achieve 'development' not only in their own countries, but also in other regions of the world; particularly in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. This focus on 'development' as a goal has continued into the twenty-first century, for example through the United Nations Millennium Development Targets. While development is often viewed as something very positive, it is also very important to consider the possible detrimental effects it may have on the natural environment, different social groups and on the cohesion and stability of societies. In this important book, Katie Willis investigates and places in a historical context, the development theories behind contemporary debates such as globalization and transnationalism. The main definitions of 'development' and 'development theory' are outlined with a description and explanation of how approaches have changed over time. The differing explanations of inequalities in development, both spatially and socially, and the reasoning behind different development policies are also considered. By drawing on pre-twentieth century European development theories and examining current policies in Europe and the USA, the book not only stresses commonalities in development theorizing over time and space, but also the importance of context in theory construction. This topical book provides an ideal introduction to development theories for students in geography, development studies, area studies, anthropology and sociology. It contains student-friendly features, including boxed case studies with examples, definitions, summary sections, suggestions for further reading, discussion questions and website information.
Author: Frances Stewart
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198794452
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
Human Development has been advocated as the prime development goal since 1990, when the publication of the first UNDP Human Development Report proposed that development should improve the lives people lead in multiple dimensions instead of primarily pursuing economic growth. This approach forms the foundation of Advancing Human Development: Theory and Practice. It traces the evolution of approaches to development, showing how the Human Development approach emerged as a consequence of defects in earlier strategies. Advancing Human Development argues that Human Development is superior to measures of societal happiness. It investigates the determinants of success and failure in Human Development across countries over the past forty years, taking a multidimensional approach to point to the importance of social institutions and social capabilities as essential aspects of change. It analyses political conditions underlying the performance of Human Development, and surveys global progress in multiple dimensions such as life expectancy, infant mortality, and education and outcomes, whilst reflecting on dimensions which have worsened over time, such as rising inequality and declining environmental conditions. These deteriorating conditions inform Advancing Human Development's account of the challenges to the Human Development approach, covering the insufficient attention paid to macroeconomic conditions and the economic structure needed for sustained success.
Author: Jan Nederveen Pieterse
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 9780761952930
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
This study is a critical commentary connecting issues of development with the latest thinking in sociology, critical theory and social science. It addresses questions such as the connections with globalization, and culture and modernity.
