TOEFL iBT Writing Structure, Analyze and Academic Essays Collection PDF Download
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Author: Steven Michael
Publisher: Steven Michael
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
BIG DISCOUNT - ONLY for this WEEKEND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! On this e-book you will find some guidance on how you should write an essay. There are then model answers on the following pages for different types of essay and different questions, with some brief guidance on each. Agree / disagree Discuss two opinions Advantages & disadvantages Causes (reasons) & solutions Causes (reasons) & effects Problems & solutions Compare & contrast Not every essay will fit one of these patterns, but many do. You may get some of these tasks mixed up. For example, you could be asked to give your opinion on an issue, and then discuss the advantages or disadvantages of it. The golden rule is to ALWAYS read the question very carefully to see exactly what you are being asked to do. View this lesson for more practice on analysing essay questions. An essay is structured like any other essay; you just need to make it shorter. There are three key elements: Introduction Body Paragraphs Conclusion We will look at each of these in turn, using the essay question above as an example. This ebook goes through each part of a high scoring answer and explains exactly how to write it. - See sample high scoring answers written by Examiner - Discover the elements that have the biggest impact on your score and what to do about them - Learn what high scoring writing answers look like so you can model them and do the same - Get lots of sample questions to practice
Author: Steven Michael
Publisher: Steven Michael
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 477
Get Book Here
Book Description
BIG DISCOUNT - ONLY for this WEEKEND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! On this e-book you will find some guidance on how you should write an essay. There are then model answers on the following pages for different types of essay and different questions, with some brief guidance on each. Agree / disagree Discuss two opinions Advantages & disadvantages Causes (reasons) & solutions Causes (reasons) & effects Problems & solutions Compare & contrast Not every essay will fit one of these patterns, but many do. You may get some of these tasks mixed up. For example, you could be asked to give your opinion on an issue, and then discuss the advantages or disadvantages of it. The golden rule is to ALWAYS read the question very carefully to see exactly what you are being asked to do. View this lesson for more practice on analysing essay questions. An essay is structured like any other essay; you just need to make it shorter. There are three key elements: Introduction Body Paragraphs Conclusion We will look at each of these in turn, using the essay question above as an example. This ebook goes through each part of a high scoring answer and explains exactly how to write it. - See sample high scoring answers written by Examiner - Discover the elements that have the biggest impact on your score and what to do about them - Learn what high scoring writing answers look like so you can model them and do the same - Get lots of sample questions to practice
Author: Anonymous
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781411607743
Category : English language
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
ETS publishes its official list of TOEFL essay topics on its website. All essays assigned on the actual TOEFL test come from this list. This book contains 400 sample essays with scores of 6.0. Each essay was written based on one of the topics from the ETS official list. The book covers 100% of these topics. Each ETS TOEFL writing topic has at least one sample answer in this book. #xD;#xD;Students who take the Computer-Based Test of English as a Foreign Language must also compose a written essay that counts towards part of their structure score. This book contains a total of 400 sample TOEFL essays, offering an intensive preparation for this part of the test.#xD;This book uses 10.5pt Garamond typefont (other than the 13.5pt used in the special edition), and has a total of 145,000 words.
Author: Educational Testing Service
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill
ISBN: 9780071624053
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
The official guide from the makers of the TOEFL to ensure your exam success! The Official Guide to the TOEFL® iBT is the leading guide to the most widely accepted English-language proficiency test in the world--the TOEFL test. Written by ETS, the makers of the test, this book includes two real full-length TOEFL tests for practice, as well as explanations of every section of the test and information on what is expected of you for every speaking and writing task. You will learn how to construct your answers and integrate the four skills needed to demonstrate academic English-language proficiency: reading, listening, speaking and writing. The accompanying CD-ROM provides on-screen interactive versions of both real TOEFL tests in the book, just like the one you will encounter on test day.
Author: Bruce Stirling
Publisher: Nova Press
ISBN: 1889057606
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
Increase your TOEFL iBT score by increasing your speaking and writing scores. How? By using the strategy called argument mapping. Why argument mapping? Because the TOEFL iBT speaking and writing sections are all argument-based tasks. That means if you want high speaking and writing scores, you must know how to map out (develop and deliver) spoken and written arguments, quickly and proficiently. With argument mapping, you will be able to do just that. Best of all, you can apply argument mapping to all six speaking tasks and both writing tasks. That means you will spend less time reading about strategies and more time practicing them. You Will Also Learn: * Essential rhetorical strategies and opinion development strategies * Step-by-step basic responses for all speaking and writing tasks * Step-by-step advanced responses for all speaking and writing tasks * Step-by-step emergency responses for all speaking and writing tasks * How to revise your spoken and written responses to maximize scoring * How to rate spoken and written responses quickly and proficiently ARGUMENT DEVELOPMENT Learn basic and advanced argument development strategies to maximize your speaking and writing scores. By doing so, you can increase your TOEFL score. ARGUMENT MAPPING Learn test-proven speaking and writing strategies quickly and proficiently using the graphics-based strategy called argument mapping. SCORING STRATEGIES Learn how to think like a TOEFL rater so you know exactly what to say and write to maximize scoring.
Author: Elena Seoane
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027258457
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 355
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Book Description
As the first collective volume to focus exclusively on corpus-based approaches to register variation, this book provides an exhaustive account of the range and depth of possibilities that the domain of register variation in English has to offer. It illustrates register variation analysis in different theoretical frameworks, such as Probabilistic Grammar, Systemic Functional Linguistics, and Information Theory, and proposes a new framework within the Text Linguistic Approach: the continuous-situational analytical framework. Several of the contributions apply Multi-Dimensional Analysis to corpus data in order to unveil register (dis)similarities, while others rely on logistic regression models and periodization techniques based on Kullback-Leibler divergence. The volume includes both inter-register and intra-register variation analysis of a wide spectrum of varieties, speakers and periods: British and American English, learner varieties, L2 varieties, and also contains diachronic studies covering early and late Modern English. This broad scope should be a source of inspiration for anyone interested in historical and ongoing register variation in a vast range of varieties of English worldwide.
Author: Liz Hamp-Lyons
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030927628
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
This book focuses on the assessment of English language writing in China mainland, the territories of Hong Kong and Macau, and Taiwan. The first part of the book describes how writing in English has been assessed in Chinese contexts in the past 25 years, and how it continues to be assessed at present. The second part of the book presents reports of work such as formative classroom-based assessment, feedback-based or feedback-led approaches, learning-oriented assessment, portfolios, as well as the important issue of teacher professional development in writing assessment. This two-part division relates to and reflects what has been happening in writing assessment internationally, in the UK from the 1940s, and in the US in the past 25 years. The use of English for international business communication, for international political negotiations and its rapidly increasing use as a medium of instruction in some subject areas has led to a rapid increase in the numbers of Chinese L1 speakers who are learning and being assessed in English. This is often done with an emphasis on reading and writing. The vast majority of assessments of English language writing are done through large-scale direct testing that uses simple prompts/tasks and short writing samples. This book explores best practices in assessing the writing in English of native speakers of Chinese. Assessing the English Language Writing of Chinese Learners of English edited by long-time experts Liz Hamp-Lyons and Yan Jin clearly demonstrates the authors’ collective years of writing and teaching about writing assessment. The book’s 13 chapters, written by recognized experts in assessment of Chinese speakers learning English, represent a wide array of important topics written in reader friendly language and offering evidence for pedagogical practices as well as high-stakes testing of writing. Teachers, researchers, administrators of writing programs in China, and test developers who seek counsel about this population need look no further than to add Assessing the English Language Writing of Chinese Learners of English to their reading list. Deborah Crusan, Wright State University, USA
Author: Mark D. Shermis
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136334793
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 515
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Book Description
This comprehensive, interdisciplinary handbook reviews the latest methods and technologies used in automated essay evaluation (AEE) methods and technologies. Highlights include the latest in the evaluation of performance-based writing assessments and recent advances in the teaching of writing, language testing, cognitive psychology, and computational linguistics. This greatly expanded follow-up to Automated Essay Scoring reflects the numerous advances that have taken place in the field since 2003 including automated essay scoring and diagnostic feedback. Each chapter features a common structure including an introduction and a conclusion. Ideas for diagnostic and evaluative feedback are sprinkled throughout the book. Highlights of the book’s coverage include: The latest research on automated essay evaluation. Descriptions of the major scoring engines including the E-rater®, the Intelligent Essay Assessor, the IntellimetricTM Engine, c-raterTM, and LightSIDE. Applications of the uses of the technology including a large scale system used in West Virginia. A systematic framework for evaluating research and technological results. Descriptions of AEE methods that can be replicated for languages other than English as seen in the example from China. Chapters from key researchers in the field. The book opens with an introduction to AEEs and a review of the "best practices" of teaching writing along with tips on the use of automated analysis in the classroom. Next the book highlights the capabilities and applications of several scoring engines including the E-rater®, the Intelligent Essay Assessor, the IntellimetricTM engine, c-raterTM, and LightSIDE. Here readers will find an actual application of the use of an AEE in West Virginia, psychometric issues related to AEEs such as validity, reliability, and scaling, and the use of automated scoring to detect reader drift, grammatical errors, discourse coherence quality, and the impact of human rating on AEEs. A review of the cognitive foundations underlying methods used in AEE is also provided. The book concludes with a comparison of the various AEE systems and speculation about the future of the field in light of current educational policy. Ideal for educators, professionals, curriculum specialists, and administrators responsible for developing writing programs or distance learning curricula, those who teach using AEE technologies, policy makers, and researchers in education, writing, psychometrics, cognitive psychology, and computational linguistics, this book also serves as a reference for graduate courses on automated essay evaluation taught in education, computer science, language, linguistics, and cognitive psychology.
Author: Charlene Polio
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317600908
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Understanding, Evaluating, and Conducting Second Language Writing Research speaks to the rapidly growing area of second language writing by providing a uniquely balanced approach to L2 writing research. While other books favor either a qualitative or quantitative approach to second language acquisition (SLA) research, this text is comprehensive in scope and does not privilege one approach over the other, illuminating the strengths of each and the ways in which they might complement each other. It also provides equal weight to the cognitive and socio-cultural approaches to SLA. Containing an array of focal studies and suggestions for further reading, this text is the ideal resource for students beginning to conduct L2 writing research as well as for more experienced researchers who wish to expand their approach to conducting research.
Author: Todd Ruecker
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351603027
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Reflecting the internationalization of the field of second language writing, this book focuses on political aspects and pedagogical issues of writing instruction and testing in a global context. High-stakes assessment impacts the lives of second language (L2) writers and their teachers around the world, be it the College English Test in China, Common Core-aligned assessments in the U.S., English proficiency tests in Poland, or the material conditions (such as access to technology, training, and other resources) affecting a classroom. With contributions from authors working in ten different countries in a variety of institutional contexts, the chapters examine the uses and abuses of various writing-related assessments, and the policies that determine their form and use. Representing a diverse range of contexts, methods, and disciplines, the authors jointly call for more equitable testing systems that consider the socioeconomic, psychometric, affective, institutional, and needs of all students who strive to gain access to education and employment opportunities related to English language proficiency.
Author: Breno B. Silva
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031065050
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
This book highlights the importance of English academic vocabulary for success at university and explores written tasks as effective pedagogical tools to promote the acquisition of academic words. The book reviews germane and recent SLA, psycholinguistic, corpus linguistics, and L2 writing research to underscore the challenges associated with the learning of academic words. Then, it reports on three empirical studies conducted in the Polish context. The first study develops a reliable tool to assess the knowledge of academic vocabulary of undergraduate learners. The second and third studies investigate the learning of academic words after the writing of sentences and argumentative essays, and discuss the role of cognition as a mediator of such learning. The book also provides an accessible introduction to linear mixed-effect models, a powerful, reliable, and flexible statistical technique that has been gaining popularity among SLA and psycholinguistics researchers.
