Titanate and Silane Coupling Agents Based Surface Modification of Clay and Their Effects on the Performance of Poly(trimethylene Terephthalate) Nanocomposites PDF Download
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Author: Dhiraj Hasija
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clay
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
Author: Dhiraj Hasija
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clay
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781881208440
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
Author: Edwin P. Plueddemann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489903429
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
* It has been rumored that a bumble bee has such aerodynamic deficiencies that it should be incapable of flight. Fiberglass-reinforced polymer com posites, similarly, have two (apparently) insurmountable obstacles to per formance: 1) Water can hydrolyze any conceivable bond between organic and inorganic phase, and 2) Stresses across the interface during temperature cycling (resulting from a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients) may exceed the strength of one of the phases. Organofunctional silanes are hybrid organic-inorganic compounds that are used as coupling agents across the organic-inorganic interface to help overcome these two obstacles to composite performance. One of their functions is to use the hydrolytic action of water under equilibrium condi tions to relieve thermally induced stresses across the interface. If equilib rium conditions can be maintained, the two problems act to cancel each other out. Coupling agents are defined primarily as materials that improve the practical adhesive bond of polymer to mineral. This may involve an increase in true adhesion, but it may also involve improved wetting, rheology, and other handling properties. The coupling agent may also modify the inter phase region to strengthen the organic and inorganic boundary layers.
Author: Cheng-fang Ou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
Author: Michael Tolinski
Publisher: William Andrew
ISBN: 0815520522
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
This book focuses on the polyolefin additives that are currently important in the plastics industry, alongside new additives of increasing interest, such as nanofillers and environmentally sustainable materials. As much as possible, each chapter emphasizes the performance of the additives in the polymer, and the value each relevant additive brings to polypropylene or polyethylene. Where possible, similar additives are compared by capability and relative cost. With major sections for each additive function, this book provides a highly practical guide for engineers and scientists creating and using polyolefin compounds, who will find in this book a wealth of detail and practical guidance. This unique resource will enable them to make practical decisions about the use of the various additives, fillers, and reinforcements specific to this family of materials. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Michael Tolinski is a freelance writer and a lecturer at the University of Michigan's College of Engineering. He is a frequent contributor to Plastics Engineering and Manufacturing Engineering. - Structured to make it easy for the reader to find solutions for specific property requirements - Contains a number of short case studies about companies that have used or developed a particular additive to achieve a desired result - Covers environmental resistance, mechanical property enhancement, appearance enhancement, processing aids, and other modifications of form and function
Author: Aydin Aykanat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
This research work focuses on the synthesis characterization and processing of conducting polymer coated both carbon fiber and montmorillonite clay based nano-particles to improve the mechanical, thermal, and adhesive properties of epoxy based micro and nano composites. The entire research work mainly consists of two parts. In the first part, homogeneous and uniform coatings of polyaniline were successfully deposited onto carbon fibers by aqueous electrodeposition technique using p-toluene sulfonic acid as the electrolyte. Electrochemical deposition of aniline was carried out by cyclic voltammetry in the potential range of -0.2 V to 1.0 V vs. SCE. The electrochemical deposition parameters such as the number of cycles, scan rate (SR), initial monomer ([M]) and electrolyte concentration ([E]) were systematically varied. The amount of composite coatings on carbon fibers was dependant on the electrochemical deposition parameters. From the weight gain analysis, rate of the reactions (Rp) were calculated. As the aniline concentration was increased up to 0.35 M and electrolyte concentration up to 0.5 M, the deposition rate also increased, whereas an increase in scan rate decreased the deposition rate. The kinetic analysis showed that the rate equation for the p-toluene sulfonic acid system is Rp [alpha] SR-1.25 [M]0.73 [E]0.95. IR spectra also show an increase in the deposition of polyaniline coatings on carbon fibers with a decrease in the scan rate and an increase in both monomer and electrolyte concentration. The ratio of two oxidation states of polyaniline namely emeraldine and pernigraniline obtained during electrodeposition can be varied by changing the electrochemical deposition parameters. SEM results show that carbon fiber surface was uniformly coated with polyaniline resulting a dense, rough and reactive surface that increases the compatibility and wettability of carbon fibers. The effect of PANi coated carbon fibers on the curing behavior of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy prepolymer crosslinked with tri ethylene tetra amine (TETA) was analyzed by DSC. The tensile, flexural and impact tests of carbon fiber epoxy micro composites showed that PANi coated carbon fiber epoxy systems have higher modulus, toughness and mechanical strengths compared to unmodified carbon fiber epoxy composites. In the second part of the research work, conducting polyaniline (PANi) montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanocomposites were synthesized by using in-situ polymerization. The X-Ray diffraction patterns showed that polyaniline was intercalated between clay galleries in the order of nanoscale. From the SEM micrographs, it was revealed that, in-situ polymerization of aniline took place both in and out of the clay galleries. Polyaniline surface modified clay nanoparticles were then dispersed in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy prepolymer using high shear mixing and ultrasonication. The viscosity measurements of modified and unmodified clay dispersed in epoxy prepolymer systems showed that PANi modified clay has lower viscosity than the pristine clay that provides easiness during processing. Infrared spectroscopy data proves that reactive secondary and tertiary amine groups on the fully dispersed polyaniline modified clay platelets react with epoxy resin resulting a strong chemical and physical interaction between nanoparticles and polymeric matrix. The effect of PANi surface modified nano particles on the curing reaction and kinetics of epoxy with tri-ethylene tetra amine (TETA) was analyzed by using DSC and explained by modified Avrami equation. The X-Ray diffraction pattern of fully cured 5% (w/w) PANi-MMT clay epoxy nanocomposites showed exfoliation behavior. Thermal analysis showed that for 5% (w/w) PANi-MMT filled epoxy nanocomposites has higher thermal stability than both fully cured pristine epoxy and 5% (w/w) clay epoxy nanocomposite. With the addition and exfoliation of 5% (w/w) PANi modified clay an increase of 8 °C in glass transition temperature was observed with respect to pristine epoxy. Thermal analysis also showed that polyaniline on the surface of nanoparticles improves crosslinking reaction by reducing the curing time and helping the reaction to occur at lower temperatures. Mechanical testing results for 5% (w/w) polyaniline clay epoxy nanocomposites showed 30 to 35% increase in the tensile strength compared to the pristine epoxy. This enhancement of the tensile strength is ascribed to the resistance exerted by the clay itself as well as the aspect ratio of the clay layers and the partial exfoliation and/or fully intercalation of clay galleries. The degree of intercalation of the clay platelets in the epoxy matrix is proportional to an increase in the flexural strengths. In-situ polymerization of aniline within the clay galleries causes a more homogeneous exfoliation of the clay in the epoxy matrix.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 2540
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Book Description
Author: Aravind Dasari
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1447168097
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
This highlights ongoing research efforts on different aspects of polymer nanocomposites and explores their potentials to exhibit multi-functional properties. In this context, it addresses both fundamental and advanced concepts, while delineating the parameters and mechanisms responsible for these potentials. Aspects considered include embrittlement/toughness; wear/scratch behaviour; thermal stability and flame retardancy; barrier, electrical and thermal conductivity; and optical and magnetic properties. Further, the book was written as a coherent unit rather than a collection of chapters on different topics. As such, the results, analyses and discussions presented herein provide a guide for the development of a new class of multi-functional nanocomposites. Offering an invaluable resource for materials researchers and postgraduate students in the polymer composites field, they will also greatly benefit materials
Author: Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 8132224701
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
This book contains precisely referenced chapters, emphasizing environment-friendly polymer nanocomposites with basic fundamentals, practicality and alternatives to traditional nanocomposites through detailed reviews of different environmental friendly materials procured from different resources, their synthesis and applications using alternative green approaches. The book aims at explaining basics of eco-friendly polymer nanocomposites from different natural resources and their chemistry along with practical applications which present a future direction in the biomedical, pharmaceutical and automotive industry. The book attempts to present emerging economic and environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites that are free from side effects studied in the traditional nanocomposites. This book is the outcome of contributions by many experts in the field from different disciplines, with various backgrounds and expertises. This book will appeal to researchers as well as students from different disciplines. The content includes industrial applications and will fill the gap between the research works in laboratory to practical applications in related industries.
Author: Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315355078
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 505
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive collection of the latest information on nanomaterials and nanocomposites. It covers material synthesis, processing, structure characterization, properties and applications. It presents a coherent treatment of how composite properties depend on nanostructure, and covers cutting-edge topics like bionanocomposites for sustainable development. This book summarizes many developments in the field making it an ideal resource for researchers from industry, academia, government and private research institutions.
