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Author: Canadian Housing Information Centre
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author: Canadian Housing Information Centre
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Research Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Infrastructure (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
![Three Studies on Municipal Infrastructure [electronic Resource] : Alternative Financing Methods, Demand Management and Public-private Partnerships PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/Hm4bNAEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author: Maria-Elena Giner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Communities use municipal infrastructure for recreational activities, employment, health and safety, and the movement of goods and people (National Research Council, 1996). In addition, the government makes sizeable investments of public funds to address challenges such as population growth, maintenance needs, or regulatory requirements. However, there is no established practice to measure infrastructure's performance in meeting its objectives. Monitoring and evaluating funding programs and the consequent result of infrastructure in achieving its purpose could support a broader agenda of evidence-based policymaking that prioritizes scarce public resources, provides government transparency and accountability, and improves the interventions' effectiveness (Gertler et al., 2011). This dissertation researches three case studies along the U.S.-Mexico border related to municipal infrastructure. Two of the case studies are linked but evaluated from different perspectives. The first evaluates the performance of water and wastewater infrastructure in reducing water-borne diseases in the Texas colonias. The living conditions and consequent diseases are what motivated policymakers to address the issue of insufficient water supply and wastewater treatment (Haass et al., 1996) (Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, 1996). This research applies a logic framework based on an existing model for evaluating results using data gathered from publicly available reports and over 90 interviews with service providers of how water and wastewater infrastructure investments increased wastewater coverage and improved lives in Texas. The second builds on the framework of Chapter 1 to at a high level the distribution of federal and state funds and outcomes achieved across the 31 counties adjacent to the Texas-Mexico border, identifies where needs continue, examines population growth, and compiles programmatic and technical lessons learned. The research includes over 100 interviews with agency program managers and utilities. In addition, a geographical information system was used to develop a regression analysis on the allocation of funds and expected outcomes for 1995 through 2017. Finally, the third evaluates a four-year program related to green infrastructure in Mexican border communities. Local authorities know very little about the topic or its application to roadway design. Design techniques can capture stormwater for immediate infiltration rather than collecting it at distant points as a contaminated source. A change in paradigms is required to plant the seeds needed to evolve engineering practices related to stormwater management. This dissertation documents the results of water-related infrastructure programs across multiple agencies and two countries. The methods used in this research could be helpful to others who seek to evaluate programs that include technical assistance or construction funding and the performance of municipal infrastructure. In addition, lessons learned may benefit other developing nations investing in water and sanitation infrastructure and pollution prevention
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309132568
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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The nation's physical infrastructure facilitates movement of people and goods; provides safe water; provides energy when and where needed; removes wastes; enables rapid communications; and generally supports our economy and quality of life. Developing a framework for guiding attempts at measuring the performance of infrastructure systems and grappling with the concept of defining good performance are the major themes of this book. Focusing on urban regions, within a context of national policy, the volume provides the basis for further in-depth analysis and application at the local, regional, state, and national levels.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309034396
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
In this provocative volume, distinguished authorities on urban policy expose the myths surrounding today's "infrastructure crisis" in urban public works. Five in-depth papers examine the evolution of the public works system, the limitations of urban needs studies, the financing of public works projects, the impact of politics, and how technology is affecting the types of infrastructures needed for tomorrow's cities.
Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Infrastructure (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 129
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Author: Pierre Filion
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1487523610
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Most new urban growth takes place in the suburbs; consequently, infrastructures are in a constant state of playing catch-up, creating repeated infrastructure crises in these peripheries. However, the push to address the tensions stemming from this rapid growth also allow the suburbs to be a major source of urban innovation. Taking a critical social science perspective to identify political, economic, social, and environmental issues related to suburban infrastructures, this book highlights the similarities and differences between suburban infrastructure conditions encountered in the Global North and Global South. Adopting an international approach grounded in case studies from three continents, this book discusses infrastructure issues within different suburban and societal contexts: low-density infrastructure-rich Global North suburban areas, rapidly developing Chinese suburbs, and the deeply socially stratified suburbs of poor Global South countries. Despite stark differences between types of suburbs, there are features common to all suburban areas irrespective of their location, and similarities in the infrastructure issues confronting these different categories of suburbs.
Author: Soliman Abusamra
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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One-third of Canada's municipal infrastructure is in fair, poor and failing condition states. Aging infrastructure systems are placing tremendous pressure on governments through steeply growing budget deficits and an urgent need for replacement. Municipalities are experiencing high inefficiency and financial burden imposed by their under-performing infrastructure, which in return increases the risk of service disruption and leaves decision-makers with no choice but undertake immediate interventions. The estimate of Canada's infrastructure deficit is ranging between $110 billion to $270 billion. The massive number of infrastructure intervention activities occurring in cities leads to detrimental social, environmental, and economic impacts on the community. Thus, coordinating the interventions of the co-located assets (i.e. roads, water, and sewer) is progressively becoming of importance to cope with those tough challenges. It will decrease the number of service disruptions and reduce the rehabilitation costs by integrating the joint activities shared among the co-located assets. Numerous attempts have been made by previous scholars to enhance the infrastructure performance within the limited budgets. Yet, most of their efforts were geared towards short-term intervention planning for a single asset, without accounting for the potential coordination savings (i.e. cost, disruption time, consumed space, amount of service disruption, and end users' inconvenience). In the lights of those issues, this research proposes a coordination and multi-objective optimization framework for managing the municipal infrastructure under performance-based contracts. The framework proposes an integrated contractual and asset management solution to aid decision-makers in both the pre-contract and post-contract phases. In the pre-contract phase, the system will find a near-optimal set of key performance indicators thresholds' as well as their associated penalties and incentives that meet the end users' expectations without having an escalated contingency at the contractual price. In the post-contract phase, it will provide a near-optimum coordinated interventions' schedule/plan for the municipal infrastructure. To build the framework, the research went through three main phases: (1) literature review that thoroughly studied and analyzed the municipal contractual practices, optimization, and integrated asset management; (2) contractual scheme, coordination, and multi-objective optimization asset management system where a novel contractual scheme was introduced and a coordination and optimization-based asset management system was developed; and (3) system integration and model implementation where the contractual scheme was integrated with the coordination and optimization-based asset management system to aid decision-makers in taking informed pre-contract and post-contract decisions. The coordination and optimization systems were built to quantify and evaluate the potential savings of coordinating the maintenance, whether partially or fully, as opposed to the conventional approach. It revolves through three core models: (1) central database that contains detailed asset inventory for the infrastructure systems, (2) multi-dimensional performance assessment computational models that assess the potential coordination savings for the three coordination scenarios based on eight indicators (time, space, cost, risk, resilience preparedness, condition, efficiency, and effectiveness); and (3) two multi-objective optimization models: (a) multi-objective hierarchical goal optimization that relies on a set of meta-heuristic rules and genetic algorithms optimization engine; (b) multi-objective linear programming optimization that reaches an exact solution using MOSEK software. To demonstrate the system's functionality, it was applied to the roads', water and sewer networks of two case studies namely: (1) city of Montreal; and (2) town of Kindersley. Both displayed huge savings in favor of the coordinated approach as opposed to the conventional one. For the city of Montreal, the system was developed on sophisticated spreadsheets combined with a genetic algorithms'-based optimization engine (Evolver) and was applied to both pre-contract and post-contract phases. The pre-contract optimization was able to obtain a near-optimal set of key performance indicators' thresholds and their associated penalties and incentives. The post-contract optimization displayed an overall improvement of 15% across 25 years planning horizon as a result of coordinating the interventions as opposed to the conventional scenario. The 15% improvement was broken down to 12%, 16%, 18%, 30%, 26%, 10%, 10% for the time, space, cost, efficiency, effectiveness, condition, and risk respectively. For the town of Kindersley, the system was developed on REMSOFT software integrated with MOSEK optimization engine. The results displayed an overall improvement of 29% across 25 years planning horizon because of coordinating the interventions as opposed to conventional ones. The 29% improvement was broken down to 72%, 63%, 48%, 67%, 9%, 1%, 14%, and 5% for the time, space, cost, efficiency, effectiveness, condition, resilience preparedness and risk respectively. Furthermore, the coordinated intervention program resulted in 67% fewer interventions as opposed to the conventional approach, saving an overall of 374 interventions across the 25 years, equivalent to 15 interventions annually, which drastically reduces the public disruption. In conclusion, this research proposes an integrated coordination, optimization, and contractual solution for the municipalities and maintenance contractors to enhance their expenditures' utilization, minimize the service disruptions, and improve their assets' performance under tough budgetary constraints.
Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Publisher: CMHC
ISBN: 9780660178752
Category : Infrastructure (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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