Thermodynamic Basis of Crystal Growth PDF Download
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Author: Jacob H. Greenberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
Author: Jacob H. Greenberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Jacob Greenberg
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783662048771
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Author: Jacob Greenberg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662048760
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
This book presents a new and promising technique to grow single crystalline compound semiconductor materials with defined stoichometry. The technique is based on the high-precision experimental determination of the boundaries of the single-phase volume of the solid in the pressure-temperature-composition P-T-X phase space. Alongside test results obtained by the author and his colleagues, the P-T-X diagrams of other important materials (e.g., III-V, V-VI semiconductors) are also discussed.
Author: Franz E. Rosenberger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642812759
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 544
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Book Description
The intrinsic properties of a solid, i. e. , the properties that result from its specific structure, can be largely modified by crystallographic and chem ical defects. The formation of these defects is governed by the heat and mass transfer conditions which prevail on and near a crystal-nutrient in terface during crystallization. Hence, both the growth of highly perfect crystals and the preparation of samples having predetermined defect-induced (extrinsic) properties require a thorough understanding of the reaction and transport mechanisms that govern crystallization from vapors, solutions and melts. Crystal growth, as a science, is therefore mostly concerned with the chemistry and physics of heat and mass transport in these fluid-solid phase transitions. Solid-solid transitions are, at this time, not widely employed for high quality single-crystal production. Transport concepts are largely built upon equilibrium considerations, i. e. , on thermodynamic and phase equilibrium concepts. Hence to supply a "workable" foundation for the succeeding discussions, this text begins in Chapter 2 with a concise treatment of thermodynamics which emphasizes applications to mate rials preparation. After working through this chapter, the reader should feel at ease with often (particularly among physicists) unfamiliar entities such as chemical potentials, fugacities, activities. etc. Special sections on ther mochemical calculations (and their pitfalls) and compilations of thermochemi cal data conclude the second chapter. Crystal growth can be called. in a wide sense, the science and technology of controlling phase transitions that lead to (single crystalline) solids.
Author: Georg Müller
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080473075
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
The book contains 5 chapters with 19 contributions form internationally well acknowledged experts in various fields of crystal growth. The topics are ranging from fundamentals (thermodynamic of epitaxy growth, kinetics, morphology, modeling) to new crystal materials (carbon nanocrystals and nanotubes, biological crystals), to technology (Silicon Czochralski growth, oxide growth, III-IV epitaxy) and characterization (point defects, X-ray imaging, in-situ STM). It covers the treatment of bulk growth as well as epitaxy by anorganic and organic materials.
Author: Markov Ivan Vesselinov
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981314386X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Book Description
The processes of new phase formation and growth are of fundamental importance in numerous rapidly developing scientific fields such as modern materials science, micro- and optoelectronics, and environmental science. Crystal Growth for Beginners combines the depth of information in monographs, with the thorough analysis of review papers, and presents the resulting content at a level understandable by beginners in science. The book covers, in practice, all fundamental questions and aspects of nucleation, crystal growth, and epitaxy. This book is a non-eclectic presentation of this interdisciplinary topic in materials science. The third edition brings existing chapters up to date, and includes new chapters on the growth of nanowires by the vapor–liquid–solid mechanism, as well as illustrated short biographical texts about the scientists who introduced the basic ideas and concepts into the fields of nucleation, crystal growth and epitaxy. All formulae and equations are illustrated by examples that are of technological importance. The book presents not only the fundamentals but also the state of the art in the subject. Crystal Growth for Beginners is a valuable reference for both graduate students and researchers in materials science. The reader is required to possess some basic knowledge of mathematics, physics and thermodynamics.
Author: H. Arend
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461305497
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 425
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Book Description
Science and art of crystal growth represent an interdisciplinary activity based on fundamental principles of physics, chemistry and crystallography. Crystal growth has contributed over the years essentially to a widening of knowledge in its basic disciplines and has penetrated practically into all fields of experimental natural sciences. It has acted, more over, in a steadily increasing manner as a link between science and technology as can be seen best, for example, from the achievements in modern microelectronics. The aim of the course "Crystal Growth in Science and Technology" being to stress the interdisciplinary character of the subject, selected fundamental principles are reviewed in the following contributions and cross links between basic and applied aspects are illustrated. It is a very well-known fact that the intensive development of crystal growth has led to a progressive narrowing of interests in highly specialized directions which is in particular harmful to young research scientists. The organizers of the course did sincerely hope that the program would help to broaden up the horizon of the participants. It was equally their wish to contribute within the traditional spirit of the school of crystallography in Erice to the promotion of mutual understanding, personal friendship and future collaboration between all those who were present at the school.
Author: Hans J. Scheel
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470871679
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 694
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Book Description
This volume deals with the technologies of crystal fabrication, of crystal machining, and of epilayer production and is the first book on industrial and scientific aspects of crystal and layer production. The major industrial crystals are treated: Si, GaAs, GaP, InP, CdTe, sapphire, oxide and halide scintillator crystals, crystals for optical, piezoelectric and microwave applications and more. Contains 29 contributions from leading crystal technologists covering the following topics: * General aspects of crystal growth technology * Silicon * Compound semiconductors * Oxides and halides * Crystal machining * Epitaxy and layer deposition Scientific and technological problems of production and machining of industrial crystals are discussed by top experts, most of them from the major growth industries and crystal growth centers. In addition, it will be useful for the users of crystals, for teachers and graduate students in materials sciences, in electronic and other functional materials, chemical and metallurgical engineering, micro-and optoelectronics including nanotechnology, mechanical engineering and precision-machining, microtechnology, and in solid-state sciences.
Author: Boyan Mutaftschiev
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662045915
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
This textbook is for graduate students and young scientists, who are looking for an introduction to the physics and physical chemistry of crystal growth and nucleation phenomena.
Author: C. H. L. Goodman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1475712723
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
In the last decade or so the growth of single crystals has assumed enormous importance for both academic research, and technology (particu larly in the field of 'electronics'). The range of fields involved is great: from electro-optics to metal corrosion, from semiconductors to magnetic bubble materials-one can add to the list almost indefinitely. However, while the general principles of crystal growth can be applied aImost right across the board, it turns out that the precise way in which one can grow a particular crystal best varies considerably from material to material. This, of course, is to emphasise the obvious; nonetheless, except in specialised papers in the scientific litera ture , little attempt seems to have been made to deal in any detail with the causes of the difficulties in growing particular kinds of materials and with methods of circumventing them. These specialised papers may be inaccessible, and in any case cannot be, usually, very broad in scope or detailed in treatment simply because of the pressure to keep papers short. And unfortunately few specialised monographs seem to have been produced. These points and others similar emerged repeatedly in discussions with crystal growers from aU parts of the World and indicated that there was a need for a publication which would deal in detail with problems and techniques for specialised areas of crystal growth.
