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Author: Michael James Roberts
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
"Early-warning systems for plant diseases are valuable when the systems provide timely forecasts that farmers can use to inform their pest management decisions. To evaluate the value of the systems, this study examines, as a case study, USDA's coordinated framework for soybean rust surveillance, reporting, prediction, and management, which was developed before the 2005 growing season. The framework's linchpin is a website that provides real-time, county-level information on the spread of the disease. The study assesses the value of the information tool to farmers and factors that influence that value. The information's value depends most heavily on farmers' perceptions of the forecast's accuracy. The study finds that the framework's information is valuable to farmers even in a year with a low rust infection like that of 2005. We estimate that the information provided by the framework increased U.S. soybean producers' profits by a total of $11-$299 million in 2005, or between 16 cents and $4.12 per acre, depending on the quality of information and other factors. The reported cost of the framework was between $2.6 million and almost $5 million in 2005." [p.i].
Author: Michael James Roberts
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 92
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Early-warning systems for plant diseases are valuable when the systems provide timely forecasts that farmers can use to inform their pest management decisions. To evaluate the value of the systems, this study examines, as a case study, USDA's coordinated framework for soybean rust surveillance, reporting, prediction, and management, which was developed before the 2005 growing season. The framework's linchpin is a website that provides real-time, county-level information on the spread of the disease. The study assesses the value of the information tool to farmers and factors that influence that value. The information's value depends most heavily on farmers' perceptions of the forecast's accuracy. The study finds that the framework's information is valuable to farmers even in a year with a low rust infection like that of 2005. We estimate that the information provided by the framework increased U.S. soybean producers' profits by a total of $11-$299 million in 2005, or between 16 cents and $4.12 per acre, depending on the quality of information and other factors. The reported cost of the framework was between $2.6 million and almost $5 million in 2005." [p.i].
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309072786
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Since the dawn of medical science, people have recognized connections between a change in the weather and the appearance of epidemic disease. With today's technology, some hope that it will be possible to build models for predicting the emergence and spread of many infectious diseases based on climate and weather forecasts. However, separating the effects of climate from other effects presents a tremendous scientific challenge. Can we use climate and weather forecasts to predict infectious disease outbreaks? Can the field of public health advance from "surveillance and response" to "prediction and prevention?" And perhaps the most important question of all: Can we predict how global warming will affect the emergence and transmission of infectious disease agents around the world? Under the Weather evaluates our current understanding of the linkages among climate, ecosystems, and infectious disease; it then goes a step further and outlines the research needed to improve our understanding of these linkages. The book also examines the potential for using climate forecasts and ecological observations to help predict infectious disease outbreaks, identifies the necessary components for an epidemic early warning system, and reviews lessons learned from the use of climate forecasts in other realms of human activity.
Author: Weizhong Yang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128124830
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Early Warning for Infectious Disease Outbreak: Theory and Practice is divided into three parts, with the first section introducing basic theory and key technologies of early warning and the basic principles of infectious disease surveillance. The second section introduces the technical details in the process of establishment, operation and usage of CIDARS and Pudong Syndromic Surveillance and the Early Warning System of the Shanghai World Expo. The third part explores the study of early warning technology, collecting some useful exploration in the fields of infectious diseases involving sentinel setting, data analysis, influence factors study, calculation and evaluation of early warning models. - Provide insights into the theory and practice of early warning systems that have been evaluated and shown to be effective - Presents a synopsis of current state-of-the-art practices and a starting point for the development and evaluation of new methods - Covers applied research and complete case studies that focus on local, regional, national and international implementation - Includes techniques from other fields, such as intelligence and engineering - Explores future innovations in biosurveillance, including advances in analytical methods, modeling and simulation - Addresses policy and organizational issues related to the construction of biosurveillance systems
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309128188
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
One of the biggest threats today is the uncertainty surrounding the emergence of a novel pathogen or the re-emergence of a known infectious disease that might result in disease outbreaks with great losses of human life and immense global economic consequences. Over the past six decades, most of the emerging infectious disease events in humans have been caused by zoonotic pathogens-those infectious agents that are transmitted from animals to humans. In June 2008, the Institute of Medicine's and National Research Council's Committee on Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for Surveillance and Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin convened a workshop. This workshop addressed the reasons for the transmission of zoonotic disease and explored the current global capacity for zoonotic disease surveillance.
Author: Jean Beagle Ristaino
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780890546376
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309137349
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
H1N1 ("swine flu"), SARS, mad cow disease, and HIV/AIDS are a few examples of zoonotic diseases-diseases transmitted between humans and animals. Zoonotic diseases are a growing concern given multiple factors: their often novel and unpredictable nature, their ability to emerge anywhere and spread rapidly around the globe, and their major economic toll on several disparate industries. Infectious disease surveillance systems are used to detect this threat to human and animal health. By systematically collecting data on the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals, investigators can track the spread of disease and provide an early warning to human and animal health officials, nationally and internationally, for follow-up and response. Unfortunately, and for many reasons, current disease surveillance has been ineffective or untimely in alerting officials to emerging zoonotic diseases. Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases assesses some of the disease surveillance systems around the world, and recommends ways to improve early detection and response. The book presents solutions for improved coordination between human and animal health sectors, and among governments and international organizations. Parties seeking to improve the detection and response to zoonotic diseases-including U.S. government and international health policy makers, researchers, epidemiologists, human health clinicians, and veterinarians-can use this book to help curtail the threat zoonotic diseases pose to economies, societies, and health.
Author:
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
ISBN:
Category : Animals
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Defining importance of diseases; FAO/EMPRES: a new emphasis; Early detection; The need for surveillance; What is surveillance?; Surveillance on the ground; Putting a surveilance system in place; Surveillance for what?; Surveillance when and how?; Surveillance in resource-poor countries; Information systems; Setting the goals; Determining needs and outputs; Computerisation; Questionnaire design; Databases; Data quality control; Feedback; The role of GIS; Motivating and training field staff; Awareness creation among decision-makers; Using surveillance as a management tool; FAO involvement in surveillance and information systems development; Examples of questionnaires.
Author: Edward B. Radcliffe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521875951
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 551
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Book Description
This textbook presents theory and concepts in integrated pest management, complemented by two award-winning websites covering more practical aspects.
Author: Kuldeep Bauddh
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128235306
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
Advances in Microbe-assisted Phytoremediation of Polluted Sites provides a comprehensive overview of the use of phytoremediation to decontaminate polluted land through microbial enhanced phytoremediation, including the use of plants with respect to ecological and environmental science. The book discusses the potential of microbial-assisted phytoremediation of the contaminant, including heavy metals, pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, etc., with case studies as examples. Key subjects covered include plant-microbe interaction in contaminated ecosystems, microbe-augmented phytoremediation for improved ecosystem services, and success stories on microbe-assisted phytoremediation of contaminated sites. With increasing demand for land-space for social, industrial and agricultural use, the theoretical millions of hectares of contaminated sites around the world are a resource sorely needed that currently cannot be utilized. Decontamination of this land using ecologically-sound methods is paramount not only to land use, but in the prevention of toxic substances deteriorating local ecosystems by reducing productivity and contaminating the food chain – which can eventually aggregate in food chains and pose the potential risk of non-curable diseases to humans such as cancer. - Provides novel information on the potential for microbial inoculants to be used in phytoremediation - Discusses principles and mechanisms of plant-microbe interaction for enhanced phytoremediation with improved soil health - Investigates phytoremediation solutions for a multitude of contaminants, including heavy metals, fly ash, petroleum, arsenic, TPH, mining effluents, fluoride, lead and other major pollutants
Author: Mohammad Shorif Uddin
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811536074
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 642
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Book Description
This book gathers outstanding research papers presented at the International Joint Conference on Computational Intelligence (IJCCI 2019), held at the University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB), Dhaka, on 25–26 October 2019 and jointly organized by the University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB), Bangladesh; Jahangirnagar University (JU), Bangladesh; and South Asian University (SAU), India. These proceedings present novel contributions in the areas of computational intelligence, and offer valuable reference material for advanced research. The topics covered include collective intelligence, soft computing, optimization, cloud computing, machine learning, intelligent software, robotics, data science, data security, big data analytics, and signal and natural language processing.
