The Role of Semantic Features in Hemispheric Specialization and Language PDF Download
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Author: Ruth Ann Atchley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Author: Ruth Ann Atchley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Author: Mark Jung Beeman
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134794290
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
The statement, "The Right Hemisphere (RH) processes language"--while not exactly revolutionary--still provokes vigorous debate. It often elicits the argument that anything the RH does with language is not linguistic but "paralinguistic." The resistance to the notion of RH language processing persists despite the fact that even the earliest observers of Left Hemisphere (LH) language specialization posited some role for the RH in language processing, and evidence attesting to various RH language processes has steadily accrued for more than 30 years. In this volume, chapters pertain to a wide, but by no means, exhaustive set of language comprehension processes for which RH contributions have been demonstrated. The sections are organized around these processes, beginning with initial decoding of written or spoken input, proceeding through semantic processing of single words and sentences, up to comprehension of more complex discourse, as well as problem solving. The chapters assembled here should begin to melt this resistance to evidence of RH language processing. This volume's main goal is to compile evidence about RH language function from a scattered literature. The editorial commentaries concluding each section highlight the relevance of these phenomena for psycholinguistic and neuropsychological theory, and discuss similarities and apparent discrepancies in the findings reported in individual chapters. In the final chapter, common themes that emerge from the enterprise of studying RH language and future challenge for the field are reviewed. Although all chapters focus only on "typical" laterality of right handed people, this work provides a representative sample of the current state of the art in RH language research. Important features include: * a wide range of coverage from speech perception and reading through complex discourse comprehension and problem-solving; * research presented from both empirical and theoretical perspectives; and * commentaries and conclusions integrating findings and theories across sub-domains, and speculating on future directions of the field.
Author: Henry Kennedy
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319277774
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 173
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Book Description
This book has brought together leading investigators who work in the new arena of brain connectomics. This includes ‘macro-connectome’ efforts to comprehensively chart long-distance pathways and functional networks; ‘micro-connectome’ efforts to identify every neuron, axon, dendrite, synapse, and glial process within restricted brain regions; and ‘meso-connectome’ efforts to systematically map both local and long-distance connections using anatomical tracers. This book highlights cutting-edge methods that can accelerate progress in elucidating static ‘hard-wired’ circuits of the brain as well as dynamic interactions that are vital for brain function. The power of connectomic approaches in characterizing abnormal circuits in the many brain disorders that afflict humankind is considered. Experts in computational neuroscience and network theory provide perspectives needed for synthesizing across different scales in space and time. Altogether, this book provides an integrated view of the challenges and opportunities in deciphering brain circuits in health and disease.
Author: Andrew Young
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323159109
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Functions of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere discusses the studies of the different functions served by the right hemisphere in light of knowledge as well as normal and clinical studies on the subject. The book covers topics such as the visuospatial abilities of the right hemisphere; the analysis of basic perceptual properties; its creation and operation on representations; studies on the function of the right hemisphere in relation to music; and the language capabilities of the right hemisphere. Also covered in the book are the methods for studying cerebral hemispheric function; the development of right hemispheric abilities; and the relation of the right hemisphere to reading disorders. The text is recommended for neurologists who would like to know more or make a study on the right hemisphere and its functions.
Author: Jeffrey Lewis Dalia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Psycholinguistics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Author: Christine Chiarello
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642736742
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
Language depends on a normally functioning left hemisphere. This central fact of human cerebral dominance was well established by 19th century aphasiologists and has been repeatedly confirmed by subsequent investiga tions. Predominance, however, does not imply exclusivity. As demonstrated by the commissurotomy patients studied by Eran Zaidel and associates, the right hemisphere is also capable of subserving some linguistic functions. The question, then, is not whether the right hemisphere can process language, but how and when it does so. This volume focuses on the right hemisphere's contribution to one important aspect oflanguage, lexical semantics. Although the right hemisphere may well be involved in other linguistic functions, such as prosody, the greatest evidence for right hemisphere language competence has been obtained for the processing of word meanings. In addition, cognitive psychology and psycho linguistics have provided us with well-developed models of the lexicon and lexical access to guide our inquiry. Finally, there are techniques available for studying lateralized lexical processing in the normal as well as in the brain injured hemispheres. For these reasons, a focus on the lexicon is likely to yield the greatest number of insights about right-hemisphere language processing.
Author: Karla D. Rivera Figueroa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Left-hemisphere dominance for language functions has been well established; however, less is known about how the degree of language lateralization impacts the relative achievement of language function. Research in this area has reported inconsistent findings and definite conclusions have been limited by a lack of methodological consensus between studies. The current study takes an individual differences approach to examine the functional brain lateralization of language-specific regions, and its association with behavioral language abilities in 25 right-handed healthy adults. This study employed an fMRI adaptive semantic matching paradigm (Wilson, Yen, & Eriksson, 2018). Laterality indices (LI) were calculated for several language-specific cortical clusters (i.e. frontal, temporal superior, temporal inferior and a global semantic network cluster), using the average activation across vertexes within each predetermined language area. Participants completed an abbreviated IQ measure; as well as a series of language assessments to measure their ability to accurately retrieve verbal information and define concepts orally, their receptive vocabulary, and their grammatical judgment. To measure handedness/motor dominance, asymmetry indices were calculated (i.e. R-L/R+L) for two motor tasks. Nonparametric correlation analyses were carried out. Results of the study revealed a significant correlation between Pegboard asymmetry performance and a language task requiring participants to verbally define concepts. A relationship between degree of language laterality and language abilities was not found. The degree of language laterality was unrelated to hand motor asymmetry measures. Study results suggest that the degree of hand motor asymmetry is related to the ability to retrieve and verbally define concepts. Both tasks' reliance on frontal brain areas (i.e., motor planning, and retrieval of information and articulation) might explain this finding. Thus, more hemispheric specialization for motor tasks might be beneficial for expressive language. On the other hand, results suggest that the degree of language laterality is unrelated to behavioral language skills in healthy individuals. Limitations of this study include small sample size, and a lack of variability in the sample (i.e., mostly leftlateralized, highly educated). This study presents a novel, comprehensive, and region-specific approach to assessing language laterality.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 806
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Book Description
Author: Iris E. C. Sommer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521882842
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
Illustrates important fundamental aspects of cerebral lateralization, explaining how decreased language lateralization can facilitate psychotic symptoms in the human brain.
Author: Laura Carlson
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191514705
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
The notions of 'function', 'feature' and 'functional feature' are associated with relatively new developments and insights in several areas of cognition. This book brings together different definitions, insights and research related to defining these notions from such diverse areas as language, perception, categorization and development. Each of the contributors in this book explicitly defines the notion of 'function', 'feature' or 'functional feature' within their own theoretical framework, presents research in which such a notion plays a pivotal role, and discusses the contribution of functional features in relation to their insights in a particular area of cognition. As such, this book not only presents new developments devoted to defining 'function', 'feature' and 'functional feature' in several sub-disciplines of cognitive science, but also offers a focused account of how these notions operate within the cognitive interface linking language and spatial representation. All book chapters are accessible for the interested novice, and offer the specialized researcher new empirical and theoretical insights into defining function, both with respect to the language and space interface and across cognition. The introduction to the book presents the reader with the main issues and viewpoints that are discussed in more detail in each of the book chapters.
