The Role of Sell-Side Analysts After Accusations of Managerial Misconduct PDF Download
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Author: Jared N. Jennings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 47
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Book Description
Prior research calls into question the general informational role of analysts by documenting inefficiencies, biases, and limitations of sell-side analyst research (e.g., forecasts). Rather than examine the general informational value of analyst research, I examine the value of analyst research in a specific setting - shareholder lawsuits - when investors demand information but other information providers are limited in their ability to provide it. After the filing of a shareholder lawsuit, the demand for and production of management provided information decreases. I argue that analysts are uniquely qualified to provide a portion of the information demanded by investors after the filing of the lawsuit. I find evidence consistent with analysts providing more research that is more informative after the lawsuit's filing. I also find evidence that investors are more likely to demand information from analysts when the severity of the lawsuit is greater. This study provides contrasting evidence to the literature that is critical of analysts by documenting that analysts are able to produce useful information when investors demand it, despite a potential reduction in the demand for or production of management-provided information. In addition, this paper provides insights on how one facet of the firm's information environment changes after the filing of the lawsuit, which is useful in developing a more complete picture of how class action lawsuits impact the information environment.
Author: Jared N. Jennings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 47
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Book Description
Prior research calls into question the general informational role of analysts by documenting inefficiencies, biases, and limitations of sell-side analyst research (e.g., forecasts). Rather than examine the general informational value of analyst research, I examine the value of analyst research in a specific setting - shareholder lawsuits - when investors demand information but other information providers are limited in their ability to provide it. After the filing of a shareholder lawsuit, the demand for and production of management provided information decreases. I argue that analysts are uniquely qualified to provide a portion of the information demanded by investors after the filing of the lawsuit. I find evidence consistent with analysts providing more research that is more informative after the lawsuit's filing. I also find evidence that investors are more likely to demand information from analysts when the severity of the lawsuit is greater. This study provides contrasting evidence to the literature that is critical of analysts by documenting that analysts are able to produce useful information when investors demand it, despite a potential reduction in the demand for or production of management-provided information. In addition, this paper provides insights on how one facet of the firm's information environment changes after the filing of the lawsuit, which is useful in developing a more complete picture of how class action lawsuits impact the information environment.
Author: Jared Nelson Jennings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commercial crimes
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
In this paper, I examine how the firm's information environment changes after an accusation of managerial misconduct associated with management disclosure. Filing a security class action lawsuit under SEC Rule 10(b)-5 is the primary mechanism that shareholders have to formally accuse management of intentionally misrepresenting or withholding firm disclosure. After the filing of the lawsuit, investors and other market participants likely question management's credibility and the quality of its disclosure. Investors likely demand additional information from other market participants to evaluate and/or substitute for management disclosure after the lawsuit is filed. I argue that sell-side equity analysts have the expertise and incentives to produce a portion of the additional information demanded by investors after the filing of the lawsuit. Using 565 security class action lawsuits obtained from Cornerstone Research and Stanford Law School, I find evidence consistent with sell-side analysts providing more services, using more private information during the forecasting process, and having more informative reports after the filing of a security class action lawsuit.
Author: Petter Gottschalk
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000737683
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Investigation reports are written by fraud examiners after completion of internal reviews in client organizations when there was suspicion of financial wrongdoing. Fraud examiners are expected to answer questions regarding what happened, when it happened, how it happened, and why. This book presents a number of case studies of investigation reports by fraud examiners, offering a framework for studying the report as well as insights into convenience of fraud. The case studies, including KPMG and PwC, focus on two important subjects. First, convenience themes are identified for each case. Themes derive from the theory of convenience, where fraud is a result of financial motives, organizational opportunities, and personal willingness for deviant behaviors. Second, review maturity is identified for each case. Review maturity derives from a stages-of-growth model, where the investigation is assigned a level of maturity based on explicit criteria. The book provides useful insights towards approaching fraud examinations to enable better understanding of the rational explanations for corporate fraud. The book is framed from the perspective of private policing, which contextualizes how investigation reports are examined. This book is a valuable resource for scholars and upper-level students researching and studying auditing and investigation work in the corporate and public sectors. Business and management as well as criminal justice scholars and students will learn from the case studies how to frame a white-collar crime incident by application of convenience theory and how to evaluate a completed internal investigation by fraud examiners.
Author: Petter Gottschalk
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030379906
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
This book outlines the theory of convenience for white-collar crime to explain what motivates and enables offenders, providing a unique focus on white-collar crime in the business context. The theory of convenience suggests that the extent to which elite members commit and conceal economic crime is dependent on their extent of orientation towards convenience in problematic and attractive situations. Chapters are organized along the main theoretical dimensions of economical motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness. In addition, this book: Addresses a business audience by focusing on themes familiar to corporations Documents attitudes towards white-collar crime among business students and future business leaders Analyzes how convenience orientation varies among individuals Analyzes autobiographies of convicted white-collar offenders Demonstrates the various ways in which white-collar crime occurs The Convenience of White-Collar Crime in Business contributes to an increased understanding of white-collar crime, offering valuable insight in business education that supplements the traditional roles of topics like auditing and compliance in education and practice. It is a useful resource for researchers and law enforcement, and those involved in the detection, prosecution, and conviction of white-collar offenders.
Author: Petter Gottschalk
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000178579
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
This book introduces a dynamic perspective to study white-collar crime. It argues that as personal motives change over time, so too do organizational opportunities, and willingness for deviant behavior. The work contends that the extent of white-collar crime is dependent on the extent of crime convenience perceived and preferred by potential offenders. It discusses how potential white-collar offenders expand organizational opportunities for financial crime over time. The dynamics are illustrated here by system dynamics models to capture cause and effect relationships. The book also presents a new structural model illustrating the elements of convenience theory along with a new dynamic model illustrating the evolution of white-collar crime. The practical aspects are illustrated with a number of case studies. The book will be of interest to researchers, academics and professionals working in the areas of Criminal Justice, Criminology, Criminal Law and Business Studies.
Author: Petter Gottschalk
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110766957
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
As documented in a number of case studies (from Telia Telecom in Sweden to Wirecard in Germany) in this book, recidivism seems to be of a substantial magnitude in corporate crime. Corporations tend to repeat white-collar offenses such as financial crime and environmental crime in various forms as long as they find it convenient. A minor fine from time to time and dismissal of some executives as scapegoats do not prevent corporations from committing and concealing new offenses as long as there is a convenient financial motive, a convenient organizational opportunity, and a convenient willingness for deviant behavior. Businesses and their executives tend to be recidivists who get away with light punishment in most jurisdictions. The relevant audiences for this book include law students, business students, sociology students, and criminology students. Fraud examiners, defense attorneys, compliance officers, police investigators, as well as prosecutors can find the structural model of convenience to be an ideal template in preparing corporate crime case narratives.
Author: Stewart Jones
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135107262
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 559
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Book Description
Financial accounting theory has numerous practical applications and policy implications, for instance, international accounting standard setters are increasingly relying on theoretical accounting concepts in the creation of new standards; and corporate regulators are increasingly turning to various conceptual frameworks of accounting to guide regulation and the interpretation of accounting practices. The global financial crisis has also led to a new found appreciation of the social, economic and political importance of accounting concepts generally and corporate financial reporting in particular. For instance, the fundamentals of capital market theory (i.e. market efficiency) and measurement theory (i.e. fair value) have received widespread public and regulatory attention. This comprehensive, authoritative volume provides a prestige reference work which offers students, academics, regulators and practitioners a valuable resource containing the current scholarship and practice in the established field of financial accounting theory.
Author: Petter Gottschalk
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031161238
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Compliance has long been identified by scholars of white-collar crime as a key strategic control device in the regulation of corporations and complex organisations. Nevertheless, this essential process has been largely ignored within criminology as a specific subject for close scrutiny – Corporate Compliance: Crime, Convenience and Control seeks to address this anomaly. This initiating book applies the theory of convenience to provide criminological insight into the enduring self-regulatory phenomenon of corporate compliance. Convenience theory suggests that compliance is challenged when the corporation has a strong financial motive for illegitimate profits, ample organisational opportunities to commit and conceal wrongdoing, and executive willingness for deviant behaviour. Focusing on white-collar deviance and crime within corporations, the book argues that lack of compliance is recurrently a matter of deviant behaviour by senior executives within organisations who abuse their privileged positions to commission, commit and conceal financial crime.
Author: Petter Gottschalk
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030514528
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
This brief extends studies on how corporations respond to scandals by examining the evolution of the accounts that corporate agents develop after a scandal becomes public. Guided by the theory of accounts and a recently developed perspective on crisis management, its examines how the accounts developed by thirteen corporations caught up in highly publicized scandals changed from the time of initial exposure to the issuance of an investigative report. This brief continues the discussion of the broader managerial and social implications of the analysis of accounts, and analyses their effect on our understanding of the ability of corporations to weather serious scandals. It includes four case studies; from Switzerland, Moldova, Denmark, and Norway respectively.
Author: Sang-Mook Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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Book Description
Broadly, this study focuses on roles of sell-side analysts and examines the determinants and consequences of information discovery and stock timing roles by sell-side analysts. We also re-examine reiterations of prior recommendations by sell-side analysts. In Chapter 1, the contribution is to document that analysts add value by engaging in discovery of private information and this value addition is greater than that due to interpretation of public news or stock timing. The innovation in this Chapter is to read over 3,700 analyst reports from Investext and explicitly identify whether the report contains discovery, interpretation, and/or timing. Analysts discover new information by talking to management sources (personal meetings, investor meetings, and conference calls) or non-management sources (such as channel checks). We find that information discovery is prevalent in 17% of the reports. The cumulative abnormal return (CAR) for reports containing discovery are 6.3% for upgrades and -10.6% for downgrades. The CARs are higher for reports containing discovery relative to those containing interpretation or timing. We find that economic determinants predict whether a report will contain discovery. Discovery from management sources is more likely for reports in the pre-Reg FD period and for reports by optimistic analysts. Discovery from non-management sources is more likely for reports written by All-Star analysts, and for firms that have high information asymmetry and those that are followed by more analysts. In Chapter 2, the contribution is to introduce and document a third role that analysts play that is also valuable to investors, which we term "stock timing." Specifically, we define a timing report as one where the analyst revises his recommendation but does not revise the Price Target or any of the 23 fundamental drivers of stock price (such as EPS, FCF) tracked by I/B/E/S. Because the analyst maintains the same price target as in his prior report but still revises his recommendation, such timing calls are contrarian valuation calls. Analysts issue timing downgrades (upgrades) in response to price increases (declines) since the release of their prior report on the firm. 30% of all revisions are timing reports, indicating the importance of the timing role played by analysts. If analysts have timing ability, then markets should react to the release of the timing report and we should observe that economic determinants explain the cross-sectional variation in timing ability. We find the 3-day announcement return is over 2% in magnitude, 62% of the reports are winners (have announcement returns that have the correct sign), 10% of the reports are large enough to be considered influential, and 37% of the reports are persistent winners. These results suggest that analysts have timing ability. The ability to time is similar is magnitude to information interpretation but smaller compared to information discovery. We find considerable cross-sectional and time-series variation in timing ability. We find that the probability of issuing a timing report is positively related to the opportunities to time the stock provided by potential mispricing. Conditional on issuing a timing report, the probability of issuing a winner, an influential winner, or a persistent winner is positively related to analyst experience and negatively related to the costs associated with issuing a timing report. In Chapter 3, we document that recommendation reiterations are not homogeneous and there is a large subset of reiterations that are as much valued by investors as recommendation revisions. We combine Detail History file containing the measures tracked by I/B/E/S (Price Target, EPS, etc.) and Recommendation file to create the full time series of recommendations (initiations, reiterations, and revisions) made by each analyst for each firm for 14 years from 1999 to 2012. By adopting a modified version of "filling in the holes" method, we find that recommendation reiterations are prevalent, consisting of about 80% of recommendations for our 14-year sample period. Second, market response to recommendation reiterations increases monotonically from Reiteration: Strong Sell to Reiteration: Strong Buy. Third, reiterations coupled with contemporary changes in price targets and/or earning forecasts bring substantial absolute abnormal stock returns to investors. Lastly, when we replicate what Loh and Stulz (2011), we find that the number of reiterations which are influential is more than twice that of recommendation revisions that are influential.
