The Origin of Organic Pollutants from the Combustion of Alternative Fuels

The Origin of Organic Pollutants from the Combustion of Alternative Fuels PDF Author: S. Sidhu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alcohol as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Book Description
As part of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory program on alternative automotive fuels, the subcontractor has been conducting studies on the origin and fate of organic pollutants from the combustion of alternative fuels. Laboratory experiments were conducted simulating cold start of four alternative fuels using a commercial three-way catalyst under fuel-lean conditions. This report summarizes the results of these experiments.

The Origin of Organic Pollutants from the Combustion of Alternative Fuels

The Origin of Organic Pollutants from the Combustion of Alternative Fuels PDF Author: S. Sidhu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alcohol as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Book Description
As part of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory program on alternative automotive fuels, the subcontractor has been conducting studies on the origin and fate of organic pollutants from the combustion of alternative fuels. Laboratory experiments were conducted simulating cold start of four alternative fuels using a commercial three-way catalyst under fuel-lean conditions. This report summarizes the results of these experiments.

Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution

Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046319
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525

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Book Description
Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled PDF Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428902805
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57

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Book Description


Unintentional formation and emission of the persistent organic pollutants HCB and PCBs in the Nordic countries

Unintentional formation and emission of the persistent organic pollutants HCB and PCBs in the Nordic countries PDF Author:
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 9289318422
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Book Description


The Ongoing Challenge of Managing Carbon Monoxide Pollution in Fairbanks, Alaska

The Ongoing Challenge of Managing Carbon Monoxide Pollution in Fairbanks, Alaska PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309182751
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 158

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Book Description
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic air pollutant produced largely from vehicle emissions. Breathing CO at high concentrations leads to reduced oxygen transport by hemoglobin, which has health effects that include impaired reaction timing, headaches, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting, weakness, clouding of consciousness, coma, and, at high enough concentrations and long enough exposure, death. In recognition of those health effects, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as directed by the Clean Air Act, established the health-based National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for CO in 1971. Most areas that were previously designated as "nonattainment" areas have come into compliance with the NAAQS for CO, but some locations still have difficulty in attaining the CO standards. Those locations tend to have topographical or meteorological characteristics that exacerbate pollution. In view of the challenges posed for some areas to attain compliance with the NAAQS for CO, congress asked the National Research Council to investigate the problem of CO in areas with meteorological and topographical problems. This interim report deals specifically with Fairbanks, Alaska. Fairbanks was chosen as a case study because its meteorological and topographical characteristics make it susceptible to severe winter inversions that trap CO and other pollutants at ground level.

Silent Spring

Silent Spring PDF Author: Rachel Carson
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN: 9780618249060
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 404

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Book Description
The essential, cornerstone book of modern environmentalism is now offered in a handsome 40th anniversary edition which features a new Introduction by activist Terry Tempest Williams and a new Afterword by Carson biographer Linda Lear.

Global Sources of Local Pollution

Global Sources of Local Pollution PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309144019
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Book Description
Recent advances in air pollution monitoring and modeling capabilities have made it possible to show that air pollution can be transported long distances and that adverse impacts of emitted pollutants cannot be confined to one country or even one continent. Pollutants from traffic, cooking stoves, and factories emitted half a world away can make the air we inhale today more hazardous for our health. The relative importance of this "imported" pollution is likely to increase, as emissions in developing countries grow, and air quality standards in industrial countries are tightened. Global Sources of Local Pollution examines the impact of the long-range transport of four key air pollutants (ozone, particulate matter, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants) on air quality and pollutant deposition in the United States. It also explores the environmental impacts of U.S. emissions on other parts of the world. The book recommends that the United States work with the international community to develop an integrated system for determining pollution sources and impacts and to design effective response strategies. This book will be useful to international, federal, state, and local policy makers responsible for understanding and managing air pollution and its impacts on human health and well-being.

Renewable Fuel Standard

Renewable Fuel Standard PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309187516
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 416

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Book Description
In the United States, we have come to depend on plentiful and inexpensive energy to support our economy and lifestyles. In recent years, many questions have been raised regarding the sustainability of our current pattern of high consumption of nonrenewable energy and its environmental consequences. Further, because the United States imports about 55 percent of the nation's consumption of crude oil, there are additional concerns about the security of supply. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternatives to our current pathway, including greater energy efficiency and use of energy sources that could lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as nuclear and renewable sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, and biofuels. The United States has a long history with biofuels and the nation is on a course charted to achieve a substantial increase in biofuels. Renewable Fuel Standard evaluates the economic and environmental consequences of increasing biofuels production as a result of Renewable Fuels Standard, as amended by EISA (RFS2). The report describes biofuels produced in 2010 and those projected to be produced and consumed by 2022, reviews model projections and other estimates of the relative impact on the prices of land, and discusses the potential environmental harm and benefits of biofuels production and the barriers to achieving the RFS2 consumption mandate. Policy makers, investors, leaders in the transportation sector, and others with concerns for the environment, economy, and energy security can rely on the recommendations provided in this report.

Introduction to Air Pollution Science

Introduction to Air Pollution Science PDF Author: Robert F. Phalen
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN: 0763780448
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 353

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Book Description
This unique textbook examines the basic health and environmental issues associated with air pollution including the relevant toxicology and epidemiology. It provides a foundation for the sampling and analysis of air pollutants as well as an understanding of international air quality regulations. Written for upper-level undergraduate and introductory graduate courses in air pollution, the book is also a valuable desk reference for practicing professionals who need to have a broad understanding of the topic. Key features: - Provides the most up-to-date coverage of the basic health and environmental issues associated with air pollution. - Offers a broader examination of air pollution topics, beyond just the meteorological and engineering aspects of air pollution. - Includes the following Instructor Resources: Instructor's Manual, PowerPoint Presentations, and a TestBank. The Phalens have put together a timely book on a critically important topic that affects all of us -- air pollution - and they do so in a new and highly relevant way: they consider the broad societal health impacts from a fundamental science viewpoint. The epidemiology, toxicology, and risks of air pollutants are included, and ethical issues of concern are highlighted. This book is a must-read for students who wish to become professionals in the air quality field and for students of environmental science whose work includes air pollution issues. The book is a significant contribution to the discipline." - Cliff I. Davidson, Director, Center for Sustainable Engineering; Thomas C. and Colleen L. Wilmot Professor of Engineering, Syracuse Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University "Truly, human well-being and public health in the 21st century may hinge on our ability to anticipate, recognize, evaluate, control, and confirm responsible management of air pollution. This timely, informative, and insightful text provides a solid introduction for students and a technically sound handbook for professionals seeking literacy and critical thinking, real-life examples, understanding (not just rote applications), opportunities for continuous improvement, and modern tools for assessing and managing current and evolving air pollution challenges." - Mark D. Hoover, PhD, CHP, CIH Aerosol and health science researcher, author, and editor

Arctic Pollution Issues

Arctic Pollution Issues PDF Author:
Publisher: Amap
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204

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Book Description