Author: Bassem A. Hassan
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493962396
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
The small fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has for over a century now had a large impact on biological and biomedical research; however, our knowledge of the fly brain has lagged significantly behind our understanding of other aspects of its development, physiology, and function. In The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila, innovative expert neuroscientists in the field present the ideas and concepts behind the methods, tools, and tricks that are currently being utilized to decode the secrets of this valuable insect’s brain. Focused on the concept of a neuronal circuit, defined as a series of synaptically connected neurons subservient to a particular behavioral modality, this volume contains chapters dealing with anatomical analysis with a focus on cellular and sub-cellular morphologies. These detailed approaches fall under the headings of “Physiology” and “Behavior”, conveniently divided the book into two sections. Written in the easy-to-follow Neuromethods series format, this work provides the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Inventive and accessible, The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila provides the information and tools necessary to carry out current experiments and, more importantly, further advance the progress of the Drosophila neurobiology field and neurobiology in general.
The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila
Author: Bassem A. Hassan
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493962396
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
The small fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has for over a century now had a large impact on biological and biomedical research; however, our knowledge of the fly brain has lagged significantly behind our understanding of other aspects of its development, physiology, and function. In The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila, innovative expert neuroscientists in the field present the ideas and concepts behind the methods, tools, and tricks that are currently being utilized to decode the secrets of this valuable insect’s brain. Focused on the concept of a neuronal circuit, defined as a series of synaptically connected neurons subservient to a particular behavioral modality, this volume contains chapters dealing with anatomical analysis with a focus on cellular and sub-cellular morphologies. These detailed approaches fall under the headings of “Physiology” and “Behavior”, conveniently divided the book into two sections. Written in the easy-to-follow Neuromethods series format, this work provides the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Inventive and accessible, The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila provides the information and tools necessary to carry out current experiments and, more importantly, further advance the progress of the Drosophila neurobiology field and neurobiology in general.
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493962396
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
The small fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has for over a century now had a large impact on biological and biomedical research; however, our knowledge of the fly brain has lagged significantly behind our understanding of other aspects of its development, physiology, and function. In The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila, innovative expert neuroscientists in the field present the ideas and concepts behind the methods, tools, and tricks that are currently being utilized to decode the secrets of this valuable insect’s brain. Focused on the concept of a neuronal circuit, defined as a series of synaptically connected neurons subservient to a particular behavioral modality, this volume contains chapters dealing with anatomical analysis with a focus on cellular and sub-cellular morphologies. These detailed approaches fall under the headings of “Physiology” and “Behavior”, conveniently divided the book into two sections. Written in the easy-to-follow Neuromethods series format, this work provides the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Inventive and accessible, The Making and Un-Making of Neuronal Circuits in Drosophila provides the information and tools necessary to carry out current experiments and, more importantly, further advance the progress of the Drosophila neurobiology field and neurobiology in general.
Decoding Neural Circuit Structure and Function
Author: Arzu Çelik
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319573632
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 517
Book Description
This book offers representative examples from fly and mouse models to illustrate the ongoing success of the synergistic, state-of-the-art strategy, focusing on the ways it enhances our understanding of sensory processing. The authors focus on sensory systems (vision, olfaction), which are particularly powerful models for probing the development, connectivity, and function of neural circuits, to answer this question: How do individual nerve cells functionally cooperate to guide behavioral responses? Two genetically tractable species, mice and flies, together significantly further our understanding of these processes. Current efforts focus on integrating knowledge gained from three interrelated fields of research: (1) understanding how the fates of different cell types are specified during development, (2) revealing the synaptic connections between identified cell types (“connectomics”) using high-resolution three-dimensional circuit anatomy, and (3) causal testing of how iden tified circuit elements contribute to visual perception and behavior.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319573632
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 517
Book Description
This book offers representative examples from fly and mouse models to illustrate the ongoing success of the synergistic, state-of-the-art strategy, focusing on the ways it enhances our understanding of sensory processing. The authors focus on sensory systems (vision, olfaction), which are particularly powerful models for probing the development, connectivity, and function of neural circuits, to answer this question: How do individual nerve cells functionally cooperate to guide behavioral responses? Two genetically tractable species, mice and flies, together significantly further our understanding of these processes. Current efforts focus on integrating knowledge gained from three interrelated fields of research: (1) understanding how the fates of different cell types are specified during development, (2) revealing the synaptic connections between identified cell types (“connectomics”) using high-resolution three-dimensional circuit anatomy, and (3) causal testing of how iden tified circuit elements contribute to visual perception and behavior.
New Methods for Characterizing the Complex Neural Circuitry of the Adult Drosophila Brain
Author: Christopher T. Zugates
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549098584
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 141
Book Description
Recently improved genetic mosaic methods permit unprecedented resolution for study of neural circuitry formation in Drosophila melanogaster. This study utilizes new mosaic methods to investigate conserved mechanisms that underlie the development of adult-specific neurons. In addition to providing several novel insights about the genetics of neural circuitry development, this study also provides a framework for increased resolution in examination of lineage and morphology in the Drosophila brain. First, mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker (MARCM) reveals stereotyped lineage and morphogenesis in the ellipsoid body (EB), a center of locomotor regulation, resembling development of the mushroom bodies (MB's), sites involved heavily in olfactory learning. In addition, EB neuron birth and axon development are widely separated in time making them ideal model neurons for further studies. Second, comparative genetic mosaic analysis of EB and dorsal cluster (DC) neurons suggests that TGF-beta signaling is widely required for maturation and morphogenesis of post-mitotic adult-specific neurons. Third, combined application of MARCM with a newly developed technique, called "Flip-out" MARCM, reveals that the Drosophila Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) is required for suppressing ectopic bifurcation MB axons and for promoting divergent guidance of growth cones. Knockout of Dscam in EB neurons reveals a general role in formation and guidance of axonal branches. Finally, combining mosaic methods to study both cellular genetic requirements and phenotypes suggest a non-autonomous requirement for the atypical receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), Linotte/Derailed (Lio/Drl), in patterning MB axon lobe architecture. In the development of MB circuitry, Lio/Drl may act to counter Wnt5 signaling, which appears to be generally required for axon extension across the brain midline.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549098584
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 141
Book Description
Recently improved genetic mosaic methods permit unprecedented resolution for study of neural circuitry formation in Drosophila melanogaster. This study utilizes new mosaic methods to investigate conserved mechanisms that underlie the development of adult-specific neurons. In addition to providing several novel insights about the genetics of neural circuitry development, this study also provides a framework for increased resolution in examination of lineage and morphology in the Drosophila brain. First, mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker (MARCM) reveals stereotyped lineage and morphogenesis in the ellipsoid body (EB), a center of locomotor regulation, resembling development of the mushroom bodies (MB's), sites involved heavily in olfactory learning. In addition, EB neuron birth and axon development are widely separated in time making them ideal model neurons for further studies. Second, comparative genetic mosaic analysis of EB and dorsal cluster (DC) neurons suggests that TGF-beta signaling is widely required for maturation and morphogenesis of post-mitotic adult-specific neurons. Third, combined application of MARCM with a newly developed technique, called "Flip-out" MARCM, reveals that the Drosophila Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) is required for suppressing ectopic bifurcation MB axons and for promoting divergent guidance of growth cones. Knockout of Dscam in EB neurons reveals a general role in formation and guidance of axonal branches. Finally, combining mosaic methods to study both cellular genetic requirements and phenotypes suggest a non-autonomous requirement for the atypical receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), Linotte/Derailed (Lio/Drl), in patterning MB axon lobe architecture. In the development of MB circuitry, Lio/Drl may act to counter Wnt5 signaling, which appears to be generally required for axon extension across the brain midline.
Sugar Reward Learning in Drosophila
Author: Andreas Stephan Thum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Generation of Genetic Tools by Gene Expression Intersection for Manipulating Neuronal Circuits in the Drosophila Brain
Author: 江孟軒
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Neural Circuits for Color Vision in Drosophila
Author: Manuel Pagni
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Development, Adaptation, and Persistent, Stimulus-Independent Neural Activity in a Sensorimotor Circuit in Drosophila Melanogaster
Author: Brennan Walter McFarland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adaptation
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Central to all animals is the ability to interpret relevant external stimuli and react appropriately. For animals to be able to recognize and react appropriately to stimuli, neurons must first develop and wire with appropriate partners to build functioning neural circuits. The visual system has served as a model system to investigate neuronal development and target specificity, but rarely has the relationship between connectivity and downstream neuronal output been investigated in the same system. A major barrier to studying neural circuit development and investigating how neurons integrate inputs from many pre-synaptic partners is the lack of systems amenable to genetic and physical accessibility over development necessary for impactful, direct experimentation. Here, we take advantage of the genetically tractable animal Drosophila melanogaster and explore the development of a functionally well-characterized sensorimotor circuit, the convergence of visual projection neurons (VPNs) onto the dendrites of a large descending neuron called the giant fiber (GF). We find two partner VPNs, encoding different visual features that target the same GF dendrite, occupy distinct territories on the GF dendrite, in part, through sequential axon arrival during development. We find that during the initial partner matching stage, pre- and post-synaptic proteins are already present and opposed to one another. Physical occupancy is important to maintain territories, as we find the ablation of one VPN results in expanded dendritic territory occupied by the surviving partner VPN, and that this compensation enables the GF to remain responsive to ethologically relevant visual stimuli. Lastly, we develop a novel ex-vivo electrophysiology preparation and perform the first electrophysiology recording from a pupal CNS neuron. Using this preparation, we record persistent, stimulus independent neural activity in the GF in pupal stages, suggesting neural activity may be important for appropriate GF development. Our data highlight temporal mechanisms for visual feature convergence and promote the GF circuit, and the Drosophila optic glomeruli where VPN to GF connectivity resides, as an ideal developmental model for investigating complex wiring programs and plasticity in visual feature convergence.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adaptation
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Central to all animals is the ability to interpret relevant external stimuli and react appropriately. For animals to be able to recognize and react appropriately to stimuli, neurons must first develop and wire with appropriate partners to build functioning neural circuits. The visual system has served as a model system to investigate neuronal development and target specificity, but rarely has the relationship between connectivity and downstream neuronal output been investigated in the same system. A major barrier to studying neural circuit development and investigating how neurons integrate inputs from many pre-synaptic partners is the lack of systems amenable to genetic and physical accessibility over development necessary for impactful, direct experimentation. Here, we take advantage of the genetically tractable animal Drosophila melanogaster and explore the development of a functionally well-characterized sensorimotor circuit, the convergence of visual projection neurons (VPNs) onto the dendrites of a large descending neuron called the giant fiber (GF). We find two partner VPNs, encoding different visual features that target the same GF dendrite, occupy distinct territories on the GF dendrite, in part, through sequential axon arrival during development. We find that during the initial partner matching stage, pre- and post-synaptic proteins are already present and opposed to one another. Physical occupancy is important to maintain territories, as we find the ablation of one VPN results in expanded dendritic territory occupied by the surviving partner VPN, and that this compensation enables the GF to remain responsive to ethologically relevant visual stimuli. Lastly, we develop a novel ex-vivo electrophysiology preparation and perform the first electrophysiology recording from a pupal CNS neuron. Using this preparation, we record persistent, stimulus independent neural activity in the GF in pupal stages, suggesting neural activity may be important for appropriate GF development. Our data highlight temporal mechanisms for visual feature convergence and promote the GF circuit, and the Drosophila optic glomeruli where VPN to GF connectivity resides, as an ideal developmental model for investigating complex wiring programs and plasticity in visual feature convergence.
Neural Circuits Underlying C02 Behavior in Drosophila Melanogaster
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Neuronal Circuits Underlying the Forgetting and Expression of Olfactory Memories in Drosophila
Author: Jacob Aaron Berry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
Functional Dissociation of Neural Circuits for Motion Vision in Drosophila
Author: Georg Ammer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description