Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102965506
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Book Description
Central departmental decisions by the Ministry of Defence to try to balance the defence budget have reduced its cash-flow requirements in the short-term but at a long-term cost that represents poor value for money for the taxpayer. Not making realistic budgetary provision for all likely project outcomes and slowing down projects has resulted in a £3.3 billion increase in a single year, 2009-10, in the total cost of the 15 largest defence equipment projects. For the second successive year the cost performance on the majority of projects has been broadly stable and the rate of timescale slippage has also reduced significantly since last year and 98 per cent of Key Performance Indicators are expected to be met. The MOD did not make realistic budgetary provision for all potential costs, for example, on the Typhoon combat aircraft where the Department decided that it needed to spend £2.7 billion on the programme including the purchase of 16 additional aircraft to meet contractual agreements. It has slowed down projects such as the Queen Elizabeth Class aircraft carriers, leading to further project cost growth of £650 million. And, to address cost overruns, the Department has also reduced the number of items, and therefore capability, to be procured. The MOD recently undertook to report annually to Parliament on the affordability of its ten-year equipment plan, which should help deter the corporate practices which have adverse value for money implications.
The major projects report 2010
Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102965506
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Book Description
Central departmental decisions by the Ministry of Defence to try to balance the defence budget have reduced its cash-flow requirements in the short-term but at a long-term cost that represents poor value for money for the taxpayer. Not making realistic budgetary provision for all likely project outcomes and slowing down projects has resulted in a £3.3 billion increase in a single year, 2009-10, in the total cost of the 15 largest defence equipment projects. For the second successive year the cost performance on the majority of projects has been broadly stable and the rate of timescale slippage has also reduced significantly since last year and 98 per cent of Key Performance Indicators are expected to be met. The MOD did not make realistic budgetary provision for all potential costs, for example, on the Typhoon combat aircraft where the Department decided that it needed to spend £2.7 billion on the programme including the purchase of 16 additional aircraft to meet contractual agreements. It has slowed down projects such as the Queen Elizabeth Class aircraft carriers, leading to further project cost growth of £650 million. And, to address cost overruns, the Department has also reduced the number of items, and therefore capability, to be procured. The MOD recently undertook to report annually to Parliament on the affordability of its ten-year equipment plan, which should help deter the corporate practices which have adverse value for money implications.
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102965506
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Book Description
Central departmental decisions by the Ministry of Defence to try to balance the defence budget have reduced its cash-flow requirements in the short-term but at a long-term cost that represents poor value for money for the taxpayer. Not making realistic budgetary provision for all likely project outcomes and slowing down projects has resulted in a £3.3 billion increase in a single year, 2009-10, in the total cost of the 15 largest defence equipment projects. For the second successive year the cost performance on the majority of projects has been broadly stable and the rate of timescale slippage has also reduced significantly since last year and 98 per cent of Key Performance Indicators are expected to be met. The MOD did not make realistic budgetary provision for all potential costs, for example, on the Typhoon combat aircraft where the Department decided that it needed to spend £2.7 billion on the programme including the purchase of 16 additional aircraft to meet contractual agreements. It has slowed down projects such as the Queen Elizabeth Class aircraft carriers, leading to further project cost growth of £650 million. And, to address cost overruns, the Department has also reduced the number of items, and therefore capability, to be procured. The MOD recently undertook to report annually to Parliament on the affordability of its ten-year equipment plan, which should help deter the corporate practices which have adverse value for money implications.
The major projects report 2011
Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102976786
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 78
Book Description
Action taken by the Ministry of Defence to balance its overall budget in the short term following the Strategic Defence and Security Review has contributed to a near £500 million in-year cost increase in the 15 largest defence projects. When coupled with previous cost growth, these projects are now £6 billion above forecasts made when the main investment decisions were taken. For the third successive year, central planning decisions taken by the Department, including delaying various projects, have had the biggest impact on cost growth, accounting for £237 million of the increase. Of this, £113 million relates to decisions to enhance capability. Macro-economic factors, such as adverse foreign exchange rates, accounted for £176 million of the increase. Cost overruns from project-specific technical issues accounted for £53 million. During 2010-11, there was a total increase of 30 months (with an average two months per project) in the forecast time to complete these projects and bring them into service. This brings the total delay on all 15 projects to 26.8 years. Long-term cost analysis by the NAO has shown that the difference between the approved and forecast costs of all projects which have had their main investment decision approved since 2000 is £10.6 billion (an 11.4 per cent increase). Additional costs have been avoided by reducing the amount of equipment the Department originally planned to buy. Had the Department not reduced equipment numbers, cost growth could have been between £18.2 billion and £19.4 billion (approximately 20 per cent) above the approved costs.
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102976786
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 78
Book Description
Action taken by the Ministry of Defence to balance its overall budget in the short term following the Strategic Defence and Security Review has contributed to a near £500 million in-year cost increase in the 15 largest defence projects. When coupled with previous cost growth, these projects are now £6 billion above forecasts made when the main investment decisions were taken. For the third successive year, central planning decisions taken by the Department, including delaying various projects, have had the biggest impact on cost growth, accounting for £237 million of the increase. Of this, £113 million relates to decisions to enhance capability. Macro-economic factors, such as adverse foreign exchange rates, accounted for £176 million of the increase. Cost overruns from project-specific technical issues accounted for £53 million. During 2010-11, there was a total increase of 30 months (with an average two months per project) in the forecast time to complete these projects and bring them into service. This brings the total delay on all 15 projects to 26.8 years. Long-term cost analysis by the NAO has shown that the difference between the approved and forecast costs of all projects which have had their main investment decision approved since 2000 is £10.6 billion (an 11.4 per cent increase). Additional costs have been avoided by reducing the amount of equipment the Department originally planned to buy. Had the Department not reduced equipment numbers, cost growth could have been between £18.2 billion and £19.4 billion (approximately 20 per cent) above the approved costs.
Major Projects Report 2008
Author: Great Britain. National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102954425
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
The Major Projects Report 2007 covers cost, time and performance data for military equipment projects in the year ended 31 March 2008. 20 of the largest projects are examined where the main investment decision has been taken by the Ministry of Defence (the MoD) along with ten projects still in the Assessment Phase. Six projects are new to this report: future lynx; modernised target acquisition designation sight/pilots night vision sensor; naval extrememly high frequency/super high frequency satellite communication terminals; Typhoon future capability programme; advanced jet trainer project and project Eagle
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102954425
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
The Major Projects Report 2007 covers cost, time and performance data for military equipment projects in the year ended 31 March 2008. 20 of the largest projects are examined where the main investment decision has been taken by the Ministry of Defence (the MoD) along with ten projects still in the Assessment Phase. Six projects are new to this report: future lynx; modernised target acquisition designation sight/pilots night vision sensor; naval extrememly high frequency/super high frequency satellite communication terminals; Typhoon future capability programme; advanced jet trainer project and project Eagle
The Major Projects Report 2012
Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102980592
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
In respect of its largest defence projects there are early signs that the Ministry of Defence has begun to make realistic trade-offs between cost, time, technical requirements and the amount of equipment to be purchased. Nevertheless, the continuing variances to cost and time show the MOD needs to do consistently better. This report, which gives a progress review of the 16 largest defence projects, shows that in the last year there has been a total forecast slippage of 139 months and increase in costs of £468 million. This means that, since the projects were approved, costs have increased by £6.6 billion (around 12 per cent more than the planned cost) and the projects have been delayed by 468 months, taking almost a third longer than originally expected. It would be unrealistic to expect MOD and industry to identify every risk at the start of technically challenging projects. However, the continuing problems indicate that MOD has more to learn from historic. The MOD is accepting the capability risk and some wider costs resulting from these project delays and is having to make difficult decisions about long-term capabilities. The MOD has made a significant investment in new and upgraded helicopters to address the shortfall identified in the NAO's 2004 report. The MOD has also spent £787 million on air transport and air-to-air refuelling aircraft to support current operations and address capability gaps, such as those caused by the previously reported delays to the A400M transport aircraft. However, capability gaps remain
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102980592
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
In respect of its largest defence projects there are early signs that the Ministry of Defence has begun to make realistic trade-offs between cost, time, technical requirements and the amount of equipment to be purchased. Nevertheless, the continuing variances to cost and time show the MOD needs to do consistently better. This report, which gives a progress review of the 16 largest defence projects, shows that in the last year there has been a total forecast slippage of 139 months and increase in costs of £468 million. This means that, since the projects were approved, costs have increased by £6.6 billion (around 12 per cent more than the planned cost) and the projects have been delayed by 468 months, taking almost a third longer than originally expected. It would be unrealistic to expect MOD and industry to identify every risk at the start of technically challenging projects. However, the continuing problems indicate that MOD has more to learn from historic. The MOD is accepting the capability risk and some wider costs resulting from these project delays and is having to make difficult decisions about long-term capabilities. The MOD has made a significant investment in new and upgraded helicopters to address the shortfall identified in the NAO's 2004 report. The MOD has also spent £787 million on air transport and air-to-air refuelling aircraft to support current operations and address capability gaps, such as those caused by the previously reported delays to the A400M transport aircraft. However, capability gaps remain
Major projects report 2007
Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102951486
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Book Description
The Major Projects Report 2007 covers cost, time and performance data for military equipment projects in the year ended 31 March 2007. 20 of the largest projects are examined where the main investment decision has been taken by the Ministry of Defence (the MoD), along with ten projects still in the Assessment Phase. Overall the MoD is in a similar position to 2006 for forecast cost and performance, but there continue to be time delays. The current total forecast cost for the 20 largest projects is £28 billion, which is £2.5 billion over the 'most likely' budget when the main investment decision was taken. The MoD expects ten projects to deliver within their most likely budgeted cost. Most of this cost growth occurred in earlier years but, on two projects, the Type 45 Destroyer (£354 million) and the Astute Class Submarine (£142 million), there has been significant cost growth in-year. The MoD has now agreed revised contracts on both of these projects to incentivise industry to reduce costs. The MoD was again pro-active in limiting potential in-year cost increases on individual projects through reassessing requirements, reducing quantities of equipments and re-allocating expenditure to other projects or budget lines. Five projects were delayed by a total of an extra 38 months this year. Of these, the most significant were the Type 45 Destroyer which has been delayed by a further 11 months and the Terrier and Next Generation Light Anti-Armour Weapon projects have each been delayed by a further 12 months. Detailed Summary Sheets for each of the 30 Projects are in Volume 2 (HCP 98-II, ISBN 9780102951493). There have been significant developments of interest on a project that appeared in the Major Projects Report until 2002-03, the Landing Ship Dock (Auxiliary) project, and detailed findings are given in Volume 3 (HCP 98-III, ISBN 9780102951509).
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102951486
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Book Description
The Major Projects Report 2007 covers cost, time and performance data for military equipment projects in the year ended 31 March 2007. 20 of the largest projects are examined where the main investment decision has been taken by the Ministry of Defence (the MoD), along with ten projects still in the Assessment Phase. Overall the MoD is in a similar position to 2006 for forecast cost and performance, but there continue to be time delays. The current total forecast cost for the 20 largest projects is £28 billion, which is £2.5 billion over the 'most likely' budget when the main investment decision was taken. The MoD expects ten projects to deliver within their most likely budgeted cost. Most of this cost growth occurred in earlier years but, on two projects, the Type 45 Destroyer (£354 million) and the Astute Class Submarine (£142 million), there has been significant cost growth in-year. The MoD has now agreed revised contracts on both of these projects to incentivise industry to reduce costs. The MoD was again pro-active in limiting potential in-year cost increases on individual projects through reassessing requirements, reducing quantities of equipments and re-allocating expenditure to other projects or budget lines. Five projects were delayed by a total of an extra 38 months this year. Of these, the most significant were the Type 45 Destroyer which has been delayed by a further 11 months and the Terrier and Next Generation Light Anti-Armour Weapon projects have each been delayed by a further 12 months. Detailed Summary Sheets for each of the 30 Projects are in Volume 2 (HCP 98-II, ISBN 9780102951493). There have been significant developments of interest on a project that appeared in the Major Projects Report until 2002-03, the Landing Ship Dock (Auxiliary) project, and detailed findings are given in Volume 3 (HCP 98-III, ISBN 9780102951509).
The Economics of Defence Policy
Author: Keith Hartley
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136879978
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Defence policy is of continuing interest and concern to all nations. There are armed conflicts and new threats. Difficult choices cannot be avoided. This book has three aims. First, to identify the typical questions raised by economists when studying defence policy. Second, to show how simple economic analysis can be used to answer these questions and contribute to our understanding of defence issues. Third, to provide a critical evaluation of defence policy.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136879978
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Defence policy is of continuing interest and concern to all nations. There are armed conflicts and new threats. Difficult choices cannot be avoided. This book has three aims. First, to identify the typical questions raised by economists when studying defence policy. Second, to show how simple economic analysis can be used to answer these questions and contribute to our understanding of defence issues. Third, to provide a critical evaluation of defence policy.
A Question of Security
Author: Michael Codner
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857731645
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 341
Book Description
Britain now faces fundamental choices in organising its armed forces and military strategy - more so than at any time since the 1930s. This vital new book prepares the ground for a major government review of UK defence and security policy, analysing every important facet the review will face: from the spending constraints created by the financial crisis, to the decisions the country has to take on matters of war, peace and terrorism. The analysis covers the military equipment Britain should procure; the industrial implications of defence procurement decisions; the relationship with allies and partners; the intelligence sources; and, not least, the moral and ethical dimensions of modern security policy in a globalised but disordered world. Written by the foremost independent security and defence experts in the field, this book is the result of RUSI's Future Defence Review research initiative. 'A Question of Security' sets the core agenda for all wishing to understand the defence and security problems Britain now faces, and also for those in government and parliament who have to answer these difficult questions at a generational moment for UK defence policy.
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857731645
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 341
Book Description
Britain now faces fundamental choices in organising its armed forces and military strategy - more so than at any time since the 1930s. This vital new book prepares the ground for a major government review of UK defence and security policy, analysing every important facet the review will face: from the spending constraints created by the financial crisis, to the decisions the country has to take on matters of war, peace and terrorism. The analysis covers the military equipment Britain should procure; the industrial implications of defence procurement decisions; the relationship with allies and partners; the intelligence sources; and, not least, the moral and ethical dimensions of modern security policy in a globalised but disordered world. Written by the foremost independent security and defence experts in the field, this book is the result of RUSI's Future Defence Review research initiative. 'A Question of Security' sets the core agenda for all wishing to understand the defence and security problems Britain now faces, and also for those in government and parliament who have to answer these difficult questions at a generational moment for UK defence policy.
Equipment Plan 2012 to 2022
Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102980615
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Book Description
The MOD's ten-year Equipment Plan sets out its forecast expenditure plans to deliver and support the equipment the Armed Forces require to meet the objectives set out in the National Security Strategy over the ten years from 1 April 2012 to 31 March 2022 and covers a budget of £159 billion. Since the beginning of 2011 the Department has substantially revised the way it compiles and manages the Equipment Plan. It has taken difficult decisions to address what was estimated to be a £74 billion gap between the Department's forecast funding and cost of the defence programme as a whole and to try to bring the Equipment Plan itself into balance. These include cutting unaffordable expenditure and revising the way it compiles and manages the Equipment Plan to include greater contingency to better manage cost variability. The Equipment Plan is based on forecasts of costs and funding. The NAO has therefore constructed an affordability assessment model that breaks the Department's assertions down into assumptions covering costs and funding against which the realism of the Department's approach can be tested. This is the first year the NAO has undertaken this engagement and it was aware from the beginning of issues, which would limit the confidence that could be taken from the Department's Statement to Parliament on the cost and affordability of the Equipment Plan. In future years, as the Department's approach to producing the Equipment Plan matures, the NAO intends to extend the scope of its work
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102980615
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Book Description
The MOD's ten-year Equipment Plan sets out its forecast expenditure plans to deliver and support the equipment the Armed Forces require to meet the objectives set out in the National Security Strategy over the ten years from 1 April 2012 to 31 March 2022 and covers a budget of £159 billion. Since the beginning of 2011 the Department has substantially revised the way it compiles and manages the Equipment Plan. It has taken difficult decisions to address what was estimated to be a £74 billion gap between the Department's forecast funding and cost of the defence programme as a whole and to try to bring the Equipment Plan itself into balance. These include cutting unaffordable expenditure and revising the way it compiles and manages the Equipment Plan to include greater contingency to better manage cost variability. The Equipment Plan is based on forecasts of costs and funding. The NAO has therefore constructed an affordability assessment model that breaks the Department's assertions down into assumptions covering costs and funding against which the realism of the Department's approach can be tested. This is the first year the NAO has undertaken this engagement and it was aware from the beginning of issues, which would limit the confidence that could be taken from the Department's Statement to Parliament on the cost and affordability of the Equipment Plan. In future years, as the Department's approach to producing the Equipment Plan matures, the NAO intends to extend the scope of its work
The Oxford Handbook of War
Author: Julian Lindley-French
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191628395
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 730
Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of War is the definitive analysis of war in the twenty-first century. With over forty senior authors from academia, government and the armed forces world-wide the Handbook explores the history, theory, ethics and practice of war. The Handbook first considers the fundamental causes of war, before reflecting on the moral and legal aspects of war. Theories on the practice of war lead into an analysis of the strategic conduct of war and non Western ways of war. The heart of the Handbook is a compelling analysis of the military conduct of war which is juxtaposed with consideration of technology, economy, industry, and war. In conclusion the volume looks to the future of this apparently perennial feature of human interaction.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191628395
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 730
Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of War is the definitive analysis of war in the twenty-first century. With over forty senior authors from academia, government and the armed forces world-wide the Handbook explores the history, theory, ethics and practice of war. The Handbook first considers the fundamental causes of war, before reflecting on the moral and legal aspects of war. Theories on the practice of war lead into an analysis of the strategic conduct of war and non Western ways of war. The heart of the Handbook is a compelling analysis of the military conduct of war which is juxtaposed with consideration of technology, economy, industry, and war. In conclusion the volume looks to the future of this apparently perennial feature of human interaction.
A Nuclear Weapons-Free World?
Author: Nick Ritchie
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137284099
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 367
Book Description
President Obama and the UK Labour and Coalition governments have all backed the renewed momentum for serious progress towards a world free of nuclear weapons, whilst the UK finds itself embarked on a controversial and expensive programme to renew its Trident nuclear weapons system. What does the UK process tell about the prospects for disarmament?
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137284099
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 367
Book Description
President Obama and the UK Labour and Coalition governments have all backed the renewed momentum for serious progress towards a world free of nuclear weapons, whilst the UK finds itself embarked on a controversial and expensive programme to renew its Trident nuclear weapons system. What does the UK process tell about the prospects for disarmament?