The Letter of Petrus Peregrinus on the Magnet, A.D. 1269 PDF Download
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Author: Pierre (de Maricourt)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Magnetism
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Author: Pierre (de Maricourt)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Magnetism
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Author: Petrus Peregrinus
Publisher: Library of Alexandria
ISBN: 1465606181
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
The poet Claudian (365-408 A. D.) wrote a short idyll on the attractive virtue of the lodestone and its symbolism; St. Augustine (354-430), in his work De Civitate Dei, records the fact that a lodestone, held under a silver plate, draws after it a scrap of iron lying on the plate. Abbot Neckam, the Augustinian (1157-1217), distinguishes between the properties of the two ends of the lodestone, and gives in his De Utensilibus, what is perhaps the earliest reference to the mariner’s compass that we have. Albertus Magnus, the Dominican (1193-1280), in his treatise, De Mineralibus, enumerates different kinds of natural magnets and states some of the properties commonly attributed to them; the minstrel, Guyot de Provins, in a famous satirical poem, written about 1208, refers to the directive quality of the lodestone and its use in navigation, as do also Cardinal de Vitry in his Historia Orientalis(1215-1220); Brunetto Latini, poet, orator and philosopher, in his Trésor des Sciences, a veritable library, written in Paris in 1260; Raymond Lully, the Enlightened Doctor, in his treatise, De Contemplatione, begun in 1272, and Guido Guinicelli, the poet-priest of Bologna, who died in 1276. The authors of these learned works were too busy with the pen to find time to devote to the close and prolonged study of natural phenomena necessary for fruitful discovery, and so had to content themselves with recording and discussing in their tomes the scientific knowledge of their age without making any notable additions to it. But this was not the case with such contemporaries of theirs as Roger Bacon, the Franciscan, and his Gallic friend, Pierre de Maricourt, commonly called Petrus Peregrinus, the subject of the present notice, a man of academic culture and of a practical rather than speculative turn of mind. Of the early years of Peregrinus nothing is known save that he studied probably at the University of Paris, and that he graduated with the highest scholastic honors. He owes his surname to the village of Maricourt, in Picardy, and the appellation Peregrinus, or Pilgrim, to his having visited the Holy Land as a member of one of the crusading expeditions of the time. In 1269 we find him in the engineering corps of the French army then besieging Lucera, in Southern Italy, which had revolted from the authority of its French master, Charles of Anjou. To Peregrinus was assigned the work of fortifying the camp and laying mines as well as of constructing engines for projecting stones and fire-balls into the beleaguered city. It was in the midst of such warlike preoccupations that the idea seems to have occurred to him of devising a piece of mechanism to keep the astronomical sphere of Archimedes in uniform rotation for a definite time. In the course of his work over the new motor, Peregrinus was gradually led to consider the more fascinating problem of perpetual motion itself with the result that he showed, at least diagrammatically, and to his own evident satisfaction, how a wheel might be driven round forever by the power of magnetic attraction.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Thomas Glick
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1351676172
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 625
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First published in 2005, this encyclopedia demonstrates that the millennium from the fall of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance was a period of great intellectual and practical achievement and innovation. In Europe, the Islamic world, South and East Asia, and the Americas, individuals built on earlier achievements, introduced sometimes radical refinements and laid the foundations for modern development. Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine details the whole scope of scientific knowledge in the medieval period in more than 300 A to Z entries. This comprehensive resource discusses the research, application of knowledge, cultural and technology exchanges, experimentation, and achievements in the many disciplines related to science and technology. It also looks at the relationship between medieval science and the traditions it supplanted. Written by a select group of international scholars, this reference work will be of great use to scholars, students, and general readers researching topics in many fields, including medieval studies, world history, history of science, history of technology, history of medicine, and cultural studies.
Author: Ben Rogers
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315305410
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
The Big Ideas in Physics and How to Teach Them provides all of the knowledge and skills you need to teach physics effectively at secondary level. Each chapter provides the historical narrative behind a Big Idea, explaining its significance, the key figures behind it, and its place in scientific history. Accompanied by detailed ready-to-use lesson plans and classroom activities, the book expertly fuses the ‘what to teach’ and the ‘how to teach it', creating an invaluable resource which contains not only a thorough explanation of physics, but also the applied pedagogy to ensure its effective translation to students in the classroom. Including a wide range of teaching strategies, archetypal assessment questions and model answers, the book tackles misconceptions and offers succinct and simple explanations of complex topics. Each of the five big ideas in physics are covered in detail: electricity forces energy particles the universe. Aimed at new and trainee physics teachers, particularly non-specialists, this book provides the knowledge and skills you need to teach physics successfully at secondary level, and will inject new life into your physics teaching.
Author: Kalim Deshmukh
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443190119
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 796
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Functionalized Magnetic Nanosystems for Diagnostic Tools and Devices: Current and Emerging Research Trends explores the various aspects of functionalization of magnetic nanosystems in great detail, providing a thorough review of the associated benefits and challenges. The book begins with an overview of each key pillar for the design and application of functionalized magnetic nanosystems, from the synthesis, processing methods, and characterization techniques, to biocompatibility and toxicity considerations. Later chapters focus on specific nanomaterials and targeted biomedical applications, including point-of-care diagnosis, cancer therapy, medical imaging, biosensing and more. Importance is given to the safety considerations; environmental, legal and ethical implications, and commercial aspects of functionalized magnetic nanosystems - providing guidance relevant for advancing research into clinical practice. - Provides an overview of fundamentals in the design and application of magnetic nanosystems, from synthesis and processing to functionalization and toxicity assessment - Explores research in industry and clinical practice, providing insights into ethical, environmental, legal, and commercial aspects - Covers a wide range of diagnostic applications for functionalized magnetic nanosystems, such as in medical imaging, drug detection, tissue engineering, and more
Author: William B. Stephens Memorial Library, Philadelphia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Author: Enoch Pratt Free Library of Baltimore City
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Libraries
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Author: Scott L. Montgomery
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317439058
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 554
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Book Description
To understand modern science, it is essential to recognize that many of the most fundamental scientific principles are drawn from the knowledge of ancient civilizations. Taking a global yet comprehensive approach to this complex topic, A History of Science in World Cultures uses a broad range of case studies and examples to demonstrate that the scientific thought and method of the present day is deeply rooted in a pluricultural past. Covering ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, Greece, China, Islam, and the New World, this volume discusses the scope of scientific and technological achievements in each civilization and how the knowledge it developed came to impact the European Renaissance. Themes covered include the influence these scientific cultures had upon one another, the power of writing and its technologies, visions of mathematical order in the universe and how it can be represented, and what elements of the distant scientific past we continue to depend upon today. Topics often left unexamined in histories of science are treated in fascinating detail, such as the chemistry of mummification and the Great Library in Alexandria in Egypt, jewellery and urban planning of the Indus Valley, hydraulic engineering and the compass in China, the sustainable agriculture and dental surgery of the Mayas, and algebra and optics in Islam. This book shows that scientific thought has never been confined to any one era, culture, or geographic region. Clearly presented and highly illustrated, A History of Science in World Cultures is the perfect text for all students and others interested in the development of science throughout history.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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