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Author: Vijay P. Singh
Publisher: Allied Publishers
ISBN: 9788177645477
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Author: Vijay P. Singh
Publisher: Allied Publishers
ISBN: 9788177645477
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Author: James F. Coles
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Stream ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: Mrinmoy Majumder
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789814560726
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The uncontrolled utilization of natural resources to supply to the water demands of the ever-growing population has brought about worldwide scarcity. The supply shortage has resulted in conflicts between countries, created prolonged drought, closing of industrial units, shifting of local inhabitants etc. The abnormality in climatic patterns due to global warming has only enhanced the uncertainties. Unregulated discharge of waste water into fresh water resources is also polluting the available water resources and making them non-utilizable. That is why the discrepancy between water supply and demand is slowly but steadily becoming a problem, which may lead to conflict and inequality all over the world. The present investigation is an attempt to find the impact of urbanization in the face of climatic uncertainties on water shortage or scarcity. How is climate responsible? What urbanization factors have an influence on the extent of shortages? What is the role of the socio-economic status of the inhabitants? Industrialization? Consumption pattern? Each of the causes and effects were analyzed with the help of data from a climate model, which was then fed into a hydrologic model. The hydrologic output data was then put into various other novel simulation platforms to predict the uncertainties that can be caused by urbanization in various sectors of the regions of interest. The impact was calculated based on IPCC recommended climatic and five distinct urbanization scenarios. The study results will help to predict what is in store of those living in the developing countries. Possible mitigation measures are also discussed.
Author: Gregory J. Knothe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
Streams throughout the U.S. have been historically subjected to degradation due to urbanization, agriculture and industry. The influence of urbanization on stream ecosystems is difficult to evaluate, due to many interacting variables. Previous studies have found that the degree of urbanization influences flow regime, pollutant loading and resulting fish community structure. Our study investigated the influence of urbanization on hydrology, physical habitat, water quality, and resulting fish community structure at 8 coastal streams located in Southeastern Texas. Streamflow, physical habitat, water quality and fish community data were collected at these sites during 2011. The stream sites were selected to represent a variety of land uses ranging from highly urbanized, to minimally urbanized or reference conditions. In order to determine the degree of urbanization within each watershed ArcGIS software was used to assess land use. Total impervious area (TIA) and percent impervious area (PIA) was used for each watershed as a simple index of urbanization. TIA and PIA were estimated using 2006 impervious surface data obtained from the United States Geological Survey. Various fish community metrics including the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI), Shannon-Weiner diversity index, Pielou's evenness and species richness, were used to evaluate the impact of urbanization on fish community structure. Estimated land use data was compared to IBI scores, fish community metrics, water quality, and physical habitat. Several statistical analysis methods including Pearson correlation analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), principle component analysis and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the response of fish communities to land use and associated hydrology, physical habitat, and water quality. We found that IBI scores and stream fish diversity were negatively correlated with PIA. We also observed positive correlations between PIA/TIA and orthophosphate and combined nitrate and nitrite concentrations among the sites. We did not observe any strong correlations between the amount of impervious area within the upstream watershed and physical habitat metrics, with the exception of a negative correlation between TIA with mean instream cover, riparian width and tree canopy cover. Our study suggests that future management plans could include a threshold of impervious area for a watershed, in order to protect or promote biological integrity and water quality.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309125391
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 611
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Book Description
The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.
Author: James F. Coles
Publisher: Geological Survey (USGS)
ISBN: 9781411334472
Category : Stream ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: Larry R. Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
As the world's population continues to grow, the continual development of riparia areas stresses stream ecosystems. These collected articles aim to provide researchers, aquatic resource managers, land use planners and others with the results of recent studies of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems. By presenting fifteen case studies and five regional comparisons, the editors of these proceedings hope to help protect streams form the damages of what they recognize as inevitable urbanization. Foci of the studies include the effects of urbanization on biological diversity and populations, geology, hydrology, and economics.
Author: Sandra Postel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: Robert Forstenzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Land use, Urban
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
Author: Larry M. Pope
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Urban hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
