The Influence of the Pharmaceutical Industry on Medicine, as Exemplified by Proton Pump Inhibitors PDF Download
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Author: Helge L. Waldum
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527559955
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
This book is based upon 45 years of clinical and scientific experience with gastroenterology, especially the stomach. In clinical medicine, Marshall and Warren’s assertion that Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer made an immense impact. However, although peptic ulcers now can be treated with antibiotics, drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), are used in up to 10% of the adult population in Western countries in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia. For a long time, PPIs were the most frequently sold drugs, which made their economic impact huge. The reduction of gastric acidity induces the release of the gastric hormone gastrin, which stimulates its target, the ECL cell, to release histamine; this subsequently augments the acid secretion from the parietal cell. Gastrin also stimulates ECL cell proliferation, and long-term hyperstimulation leads to the development of tumors. The author of this book began his studies into the role of the ECL cell in human gastric carcinomas by demonstrating ECL cell markers in gastric cancer cells. This incriminated the ECL and its main regulator, gastrin, in gastric carcinogenesis. Every condition with reduced gastric acidity including treatment with drugs inhibiting acid secretion, leads to increased gastrin and thus to a predisposition to gastric cancer. This short book provides ample evidence of the pharmaceutical industry’s influence on medical science. It also highlights the lack of respect and attention that the medical world gives to a biological function like gastric acidity, which prevents microbes, including viruses and prions, from entering the body through the gut.
Author: Helge L. Waldum
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527559955
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 162
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book is based upon 45 years of clinical and scientific experience with gastroenterology, especially the stomach. In clinical medicine, Marshall and Warren’s assertion that Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer made an immense impact. However, although peptic ulcers now can be treated with antibiotics, drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), are used in up to 10% of the adult population in Western countries in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia. For a long time, PPIs were the most frequently sold drugs, which made their economic impact huge. The reduction of gastric acidity induces the release of the gastric hormone gastrin, which stimulates its target, the ECL cell, to release histamine; this subsequently augments the acid secretion from the parietal cell. Gastrin also stimulates ECL cell proliferation, and long-term hyperstimulation leads to the development of tumors. The author of this book began his studies into the role of the ECL cell in human gastric carcinomas by demonstrating ECL cell markers in gastric cancer cells. This incriminated the ECL and its main regulator, gastrin, in gastric carcinogenesis. Every condition with reduced gastric acidity including treatment with drugs inhibiting acid secretion, leads to increased gastrin and thus to a predisposition to gastric cancer. This short book provides ample evidence of the pharmaceutical industry’s influence on medical science. It also highlights the lack of respect and attention that the medical world gives to a biological function like gastric acidity, which prevents microbes, including viruses and prions, from entering the body through the gut.
Author: Suzanne L. Dickson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118839307
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
This cutting-edge, interdisciplinary volume describes established and state of the art approaches for exploring the pathways that influence and control appetite, including: behavioural, electrophysiological, neuroanatomical, gene knockout and pharmacological techniques. The book presents key peptide and neurotransmitter systems, together with newly emerging concepts of metabolic signalling and hypothalamic inflammation. The impact of early life experience on neuroendocrine appetite circuits is also looked at, including early programming of these circuits by circulating hormones. Finally, new emerging therapeutic approaches to appetite suppression are discussed, including those linked to bariatric (weight loss) surgery. Neuroendocrinology of Appetite is especially focused on established and emerging technologies and approaches for investigating appetite control. It is written so as to provide an overview of sufficient depth for an undergraduate or new scientist in the field to come up to speed in the complementary approaches used by researchers in this field. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the book aims to appeal to all those with a basic, clinical or therapeutic interest in research into obesity and eating disorders.
Author: Jennifer B. Dressman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420077341
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Oral Drug Absorption, Second Edition thoroughly examines the special equipment and methods used to test whether drugs are released adequately when administered orally. The contributors discuss methods for accurately establishing and validating in vitro/in vivo correlations for both MR and IR formulations, as well as alternative approaches for MR an
Author: Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780215024572
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
Incorporating HC 1030-i to iii.
Author: Ajit S Narang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319202065
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 700
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Book Description
In recent years, emerging trends in the design and development of drug products have indicated ever greater need for integrated characterization of excipients and in-depth understanding of their roles in drug delivery applications. This book presents a concise summary of relevant scientific and mechanistic information that can aid the use of excipients in formulation design and drug delivery applications. Each chapter is contributed by chosen experts in their respective fields, which affords truly in-depth perspective into a spectrum of excipient-focused topics. This book captures current subjects of interest – with the most up to date research updates – in the field of pharmaceutical excipients. This includes areas of interest to the biopharmaceutical industry users, students, educators, excipient manufacturers, and regulatory bodies alike.
Author: C. S. Pitchumoni
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441916237
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 660
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Book Description
As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.
Author: Joseph I. Boullata
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 160327362X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 823
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Book Description
Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions, Second Edition is an essential new work that provides a scientific look behind many drug-nutrient interactions, examines their relevance, offers recommendations, and suggests research questions to be explored. In the five years since publication of the first edition of the Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions new perspectives have emerged and new data have been generated on the subject matter. Providing both the scientific basis and clinical relevance with appropriate recommendations for many interactions, the topic of drug-nutrient interactions is significant for clinicians and researchers alike. For clinicians in particular, the book offers a guide for understanding, identifying or predicting, and ultimately preventing or managing drug-nutrient interactions to optimize patient care. Divided into six sections all chapters have been revised or are new to this edition. Chapters balance the most technical information with practical discussions and include outlines that reflect the content; discussion questions that can guide the reader to the critical areas covered in each chapter, complete definitions of terms with the abbreviation fully defined and consistent use of terms between chapters. The editors have performed an outstanding service to clinical pharmacology and pharmaco-nutrition by bringing together a multi-disciplinary group of authors. Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions, Second Edition is a comprehensive up-to-date text for the total management of patients on drug and/or nutrition therapy but also an insight into the recent developments in drug-nutrition interactions which will act as a reliable reference for clinicians and students for many years to come.
Author: James E. Barrett
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030353621
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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Book Description
Celebrating 100 years of HEP, this volume will discuss key pharmacological discoveries and concepts of the past 100 years. These discoveries have dramatically changed the medical treatment paradigms of many diseases and these concepts have and will continue to shape discovery of new medicinies. Newly evolving technologies will similarly be discussed as they will shape the future of the pharmacology and, accordingly, medical therapy.
Author: David S. Younger
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536145663
Category : Marijuana
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
The cultural, scientific and legislative divide created by vigorous debates over the legalization of medical marijuana is giving way to a new synergy among community stakeholders across the United States. The goal is to improve access to medical marijuana for patients with refractory debilitating neurological disorders, cancer, and chronic pain as an alternative to ineffective pharmacotherapy and potentially addictive pain medications. The ultimate test of our nations resolve to ensure the welfare of our sickest patients is the enactment and implement of effective public health reform in the area of medical marijuana, also known as medical cannabis.This book evolved out of the present need for a definitive volume on the science and public health aspects of medical cannabis to fuel this national narrative. The ethnographic research presented in the concluding chapter was inspired by Professor Miriam W. Boeri and colleagues, at Bentley University in Waltham, MA. They examined views of community stakeholders including medical marijuana dispensary entrepreneurs, health care professionals, and patients in a state that legalized medical marijuana in 2013, yet there continued to be confusion and misunderstandings in the interpretation and implementation of medical marijuana guidelines during the period of policy shifts. Apparent gaps in policy development and implementation signaled the urgency for a comparison study addressing stakeholder views in New York State, where its medical marijuana program has legally dispensed the drug since 2014. The resulting pilot study was carried out in the Division of Health Policy and Management of the City University of New York School of Public Health. The research model incorporated ethnographic and grounded methodologies to detail the views of physicians, pharmacists, educators, patients, and entrepreneur stakeholders; with triangulation of data and application of dominant themes into a socioecological framework model to identify areas of public health policy reform. The findings of this study detail that New York, like other states that recently legalized the dispensation of medical marijuana, faces challenges beyond policy transparency, communication and education explicitly to improve the implementation process for applying and registering medical cannabis dispensaries, referring physicians, and qualified patient recipients.Ken Langone, Chairman of the Board of New York University Langone Health, and Steven Galetta, Chair of Neurology in the School of Medicine, where the authors is senior staff in neuroepidemiology, motivated him to pursue doctoral training in Health Policy and Management. The author has had the good fortune of interacting with thought-provoking medical students, neurology trainees, public health doctoral students, and professors who reinforce the high ethical standards in medical and public health practice and research. However, his patients still educate him in empathy and humanity. The author is grateful to his family, including his spouse Holly and sons Adam and Seth, who serve as his daily compass, encouraging him to take on projects that promote core values of medicine and humanity.
Author: Jian-Sheng Lin
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889194345
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
Brain aminergic pathways are organized in parallel and interacting systems, which support a range of functions, from homoeostatic regulations to cognitive, and motivational processes. Despite overlapping functional influences, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline and histamine systems provide different contributions to these processes. The histaminergic system, long ignored as a major regulator of the sleep-wake cycle, has now been fully acknowledged also as a major coordinator of attention, learning and memory, decision making. Although histaminergic neurons project widely to the whole brain, they are functionally heterogeneous, a feature which may provide the substrate for differential regulation, in a region-specific manner, of other neurotransmitter systems. Neurochemical preclinical studies have clearly shown that histamine interacts and modulates the release of neurotransmitters that are recognized as major modulators of cognitive processing and motivated behaviours. As a consequence, the histamine system has been proposed as a therapeutic target to treat sleep-wake disorders and cognitive dysfunctions that accompany neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory pathologies. Last decades have witnessed an unexpected explosion of interest in brain histamine system, as new receptors have been discovered and selective ligands synthesised. Nevertheless, the complete picture of the histamine systems fine-tuning and its orchestration with other pathways remains rather elusive. This Research Topic is intended to offer an inter-disciplinary forum that will improve our current understanding of the role of brain histamine and provide the fundamentals necessary to drive innovation in clinical practice and to improve the management and treatment of neurological disorders.
