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Author: Chuanli Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The present work investigates the tribological properties of solid particles as lubricant additives in lubricants. Two types of solid particles, Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2) and Zinc borate ultrafine powders (ZB UFPs), were used as the lubricant additives in this study. The friction and wear behaviours of these lubricant additives in different base lubricants were identified. With an appropriate application of these solid lubricant additives, the friction reduction and wear resistance properties of the lubricant have been successfully improved. Without assistance of surfactant or surface modification, the two types of solid particles behave very differently. Evident performance was observed that pure ZB UFPs were capable of considerably reducing the friction coefficient of sunflower oil and liquid paraffin when they were used as a lubricant additive without further treatment. On the contrary, CeO2 nanoparticles did not show noticeable contribution to friction reduction when they were used as the only additive in water. Only when surfactant Sorbitan monostearate was employed to enhance the dispersibility of CeO2 nanoparticles in water, the application of this additive was capable of reducing friction coefficient of the water based lubricant effectively. Surface modification of the solid particles was carried out to improve the dispersibility of these particles in base lubricants. Oleic acid (OA) and Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMOS) were selected as the modification agents. Modified CeO2 nanoparticles and ZB UFPs revealed outstanding wear resistance property. An improvement of up to 15 times was identified although this improvement on wear resistance, in this case, was often companied by a rise in friction coefficient. Tribo-films generated by tribo-chemical reaction were observed on most of the worn surfaces and the formation of this tribo-film appeared to have played an important role in the friction and wear behaviours of a system. A tenacious tribo-film with good surface coverage was only generated on the worn surface when HDTMOS modified solid particles were used as lubricant additives. The mechanical properties and elemental composition of the tribo-film were studied with nano-indentation and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Finally, based on the experimental evidence, different functionalities of CeO2 nanoparticles and ZB UFPs as solid lubricant additives were recognized.
Author: Chuanli Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
The present work investigates the tribological properties of solid particles as lubricant additives in lubricants. Two types of solid particles, Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2) and Zinc borate ultrafine powders (ZB UFPs), were used as the lubricant additives in this study. The friction and wear behaviours of these lubricant additives in different base lubricants were identified. With an appropriate application of these solid lubricant additives, the friction reduction and wear resistance properties of the lubricant have been successfully improved. Without assistance of surfactant or surface modification, the two types of solid particles behave very differently. Evident performance was observed that pure ZB UFPs were capable of considerably reducing the friction coefficient of sunflower oil and liquid paraffin when they were used as a lubricant additive without further treatment. On the contrary, CeO2 nanoparticles did not show noticeable contribution to friction reduction when they were used as the only additive in water. Only when surfactant Sorbitan monostearate was employed to enhance the dispersibility of CeO2 nanoparticles in water, the application of this additive was capable of reducing friction coefficient of the water based lubricant effectively. Surface modification of the solid particles was carried out to improve the dispersibility of these particles in base lubricants. Oleic acid (OA) and Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMOS) were selected as the modification agents. Modified CeO2 nanoparticles and ZB UFPs revealed outstanding wear resistance property. An improvement of up to 15 times was identified although this improvement on wear resistance, in this case, was often companied by a rise in friction coefficient. Tribo-films generated by tribo-chemical reaction were observed on most of the worn surfaces and the formation of this tribo-film appeared to have played an important role in the friction and wear behaviours of a system. A tenacious tribo-film with good surface coverage was only generated on the worn surface when HDTMOS modified solid particles were used as lubricant additives. The mechanical properties and elemental composition of the tribo-film were studied with nano-indentation and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Finally, based on the experimental evidence, different functionalities of CeO2 nanoparticles and ZB UFPs as solid lubricant additives were recognized.
Author: E. Richard Booser
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420050455
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 642
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Book Description
Volume III extends this handbook series to cover new developments and topics in tribology that have occurred during the past decade. It includes in-depth discussions on revolutionary magnetic bearings used in demanding applications in compressors, high-speed spindles, and aerospace equipment. Extensive coverage is given to tribology developments in office machines and in magnetic storage systems for computers. Monitoring sensors are addressed in the first chapter, followed by chapters on specific monitoring techniques for automobiles, diesels, and rotating machines. One chapter is devoted to procedures used for tracking the remaining life of lubricants. Synthetic lubricants are discussed by outstanding specialists in this rapidly developing field. Synthetics are increasingly important in widely diverse areas, including compressors using the new ozone-layer-friendly refrigerants and a variety of extreme-temperature and environmentally-sensitive applications. Water- and gas-lubricated bearings are given similar attention. The contributors also develop a new, unified coverage for fatigue life of ball and roller bearings; for design and application of porous metal bearings; for self-contained lubrication, involving oil rings, disks, and wicks; and for plastic bearings. Each of these classes of bearings are used by the millions daily throughout industry. The three-volume handbook is an essential reference to tribologists and lubrication, mechanical, and automotive engineers. It is invaluable to lubricant suppliers; bearing companies; those working in the aerospace industry; and anyone concerned with machine design, machinery wear, and maintenance.
Author: Jitendra Kumar Katiyar
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781032061962
Category : Green chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
This book overviews recent advances in the development of lubricants and their usage in different tribological systems, starting from nanoscale contacts up to macroscale assemblies with specific focus on sustainable green lubrication choices including base fluids. Further, it covers advances and optimization of new type of lubrication systems according to their usage in various tribological systems as gears, bearings, micro-electromechanical systems, and production equipment. Furthermore, the few examples and case studies about utilization of synthetic lubricants in bearings, gears, dental and so forth has been included. Features: Explores information on the present and future of sustainable lubricants due to its accelerated demands in industries Provides conceptual overview of lubricant application in manufacturing and automobile industries Discusses lubricants used in the micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS), tribo-systems under extreme conditions and for biomedical applications Reviews information about various types of additives and their role in lubricants, and their cost effectiveness Includes case studies related to journal-bearing/gear drive systems This shortform book aims at students and researchers in mechanical engineering, automobile engineering, chemical engineering and chemistry, manufacturing, mechanical, materials and metallurgy.
Author: E. R. Braithwaite
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483156818
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
Solid Lubricants and Surfaces deals with the theory and use of solid lubricants, particularly in colloidal form. Portions of this book are devoted to graphite and molybdenum disulfides, which are widely used solid lubricants in colloidal form. An extensive literature on the laboratory examination of hundreds of solids as potential lubricants is also provided in this text. Other topics discussed include the metals and solid lubricants; techniques for examining surfaces; other solid lubricants; metal shaping; and industrial uses of solid-lubricant dispersions. This publication is beneficial to equipment designers who know the value of solid lubricants and works engineers interested in the background science underlying solid-lubricant. This text is mainly useful to senior undergraduates who plan to enter the chemical engineering industries.
Author: V. Stepina
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080875874
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 719
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Book Description
The constitution, properties, production and applications of lubricants and related fluids of all states of aggregation are reviewed in this volume. Special attention is devoted to synthetic lubricants and to additives for lubricants. Standards of quality are listed, together with systems of classification and the most important specifications and methods of testing the properties of lubricants and their performance in service. Future trends in lubricants are also discussed. Non-conventional lubricants and additives are examined in detail. The relationship between constitution and properties of lubricants, e.g., the viscosity -temperature -pressure relationship, the behaviour in ageing, the biodegradability, synergisms and antagonisms in the blends of lubricants, of additives and lubricant-additive are analyzed. Guidelines for the selection of lubricants and fluids in the design, service and maintenance of machines and machine parts are also given. The work will be of interest to all those involved in the research and development of petrochemical and machinery industries, as well as lecturers and students specializing in this field.
Author: Catalin I. Pruncu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000475883
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
Tribology is a multidisciplinary science that encompasses mechanical engineering, materials science, surface engineering, lubricants, and additives chemistry with tremendous applications. Progress in Lubrication and Nano- and Biotribology discusses the latest in lubrication engineering and nano- and biotribology. This book: Discusses green tribology and snakeskin tribology Explains biogreases and nanolubricant additives Explores applications in aerospace, additively manufactured parts, and severe environments Written for researchers and advanced students, this book encompasses a wide-ranging view of the latest in nano- and biotribology for a variety of cross-disciplinary applications.
Author: David Johnson
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789231280
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
Tribology is an interdisciplinary area that studies the reduction of friction between moving parts combining chemistry, physics and engineering disciplines. Lubricants are typically substances used to reduce friction. This book contains two sections: the first section examines the chemistry of lubricants and additives, while the second section looks at the lubrication of different types of materials.
Author: Leslie R. Rudnick
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824747402
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 766
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Book Description
This text details the design of cost-effective, environmentally friendly lubricant additive technologies and components for the automotive, industrial, manufacturing, food, and aerospace industries. Presenting methods to improve the performance and stability of lubricants, protect metal surfaces against wear, and to control deposits and contaminant
Author: Marika Torbacke
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118799747
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Those working with tribology often have a background in mechanical engineering, while people working with lubricant development have a chemistry/chemical engineering background. This means they have a tradition of approaching problems in different ways. Today’s product development puts higher demands on timing and quality, requiring collaboration between people with different backgrounds. However, they can lack understanding of each other’s challenges as well as a common language, and so this book aims to bridge the gap between these two areas. Lubricants: Introduction to Properties and Performance provides an easy to understand overview of tribology and lubricant chemistry. The first part of the book is theoretical and provides an introduction to tribological contact, friction, wear and lubrication, as well as the basic concepts regarding properties and the most commonly made analyses on lubricants. Base fluids and their properties and common additives used in lubricants are also covered. The second part of the book is hands-on and introduces the reader to the actual formulations and the evaluation of their performance. Different applications and their corresponding lubricant formulations are considered and tribological test methods are discussed. Finally used oil characterisation and surface characterisation are covered which give the reader an introduction to different methods of characterising used oils and surfaces, respectively. Key features: Combines chemistry and tribology of lubricants into one unified approach Covers the fundamental theory, describing lubricant properties as well as base fluids and additives Contains practical information on the formulations of lubricants and evaluates their performance Considers applications of lubricants in hydraulics, gears and combustion engines Lubricants: Introduction to Properties and Performance is a comprehensive reference for industry practitioners (tribologists, lubricant technicians, and lubricant chemists, etc) and is also an excellent source of information for graduate and undergraduate students.
Author: R. M. Mortier
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781461365785
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The use oflubricants began in ancient times and has developed into a major international business through the need to lubricate machines of increasing complexity. The impetus for lubricant development has arisen from need, so lubricatingpractice has precededan understandingofthescientificprinciples. This is not surprising as the scientific basis of the technology is, by nature, highly complex and interdisciplinary. However, we believe that the under standing of lubricant phenomena will continue to be developed at a mol ecular level to meet future challenges. These challenges will include the control of emissions from internal combustion engines, the reduction of friction and wear in machinery, and continuing improvements to lubricant performanceand life-time. More recently, there has been an increased understanding ofthe chemical aspects of lubrication, which has complemented the knowledge and under standing gained through studies dealing with physics and engineering. This book aims to bring together this chemical information and present it in a practical way. It is written by chemists who are authorities in the various specialisations within the lubricating industry, and is intended to be of interest to chemists who may already be working in the lubricating industry or in academia, and who are seeking a chemist's view of lubrication. It will also be of benefit to engineers and technologists familiar with the industry who requirea more fundamental understanding oflubricants.
