The Generation and Use of High Energy Molecular Beams for Surface Analysis PDF Download
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Author: R. S. Bordoli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: R. S. Bordoli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: John Orton
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191061166
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529
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Book Description
The book is a history of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) as applied to the growth of semiconductor thin films (note that it does not cover the subject of metal thin films). It begins by examining the origins of MBE, first of all looking at the nature of molecular beams and considering their application to fundamental physics, to the development of nuclear magnetic resonance and to the invention of the microwave MASER. It shows how molecular beams of silane (SiH4) were used to study the nucleation of silicon films on a silicon substrate and how such studies were extended to compound semiconductors such as GaAs. From such surface studies in ultra-high vacuum the technique developed into a method of growing high quality single crystal films of a wide range of semiconductors. Comparing this with earlier evaporation methods of deposition and with other epitaxial deposition methods such as liquid phase and vapour phase epitaxy (LPE and VPE). The text describes the development of MBE machines from the early âhome-madeâ variety to that of commercial equipment and show how MBE was gradually refined to produce high quality films with atomic dimensions. This was much aided by the use of various in-situ surface analysis techniques, such as reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and mass spectrometry, a feature unique to MBE. It looks at various modified versions of the basic MBE process, then proceed to describe their application to the growth of so-called âlow-dimensional structuresâ (LDS) based on ultra-thin heterostructure films with thickness of order a few molecular monolayers. Further chapters cover the growth of a wide range of different compounds and describe their application to fundamental physics and to the fabrication of electronic and opto-electronic devices. The authors study the historical development of all these aspects and emphasise both the (often unexpected) manner of their discovery and development and the unique features which MBE brings to the growth of extremely complex structures with monolayer accuracy.
Author: John C. Vickerman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119965519
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 690
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Book Description
This completely updated and revised second edition of Surface Analysis: The Principal Techniques, deals with the characterisation and understanding of the outer layers of substrates, how they react, look and function which are all of interest to surface scientists. Within this comprehensive text, experts in each analysis area introduce the theory and practice of the principal techniques that have shown themselves to be effective in both basic research and in applied surface analysis. Examples of analysis are provided to facilitate the understanding of this topic and to show readers how they can overcome problems within this area of study.
Author: James B. Anderson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
A description of research on producing high energy molecular beams is given. Results of previously published work are summarized for the development of techniques for generating neutral beams in the 1 to 10 eV range using gas dynamic acceleration of heavy species by light carrier gases in nozzle flows from which molecular beams are extracted. Measurements of heavy species velocities, velocity distributions and intensities in the molecular beams formed are discussed in relation to theoretical predictions. Studies of the gas dynamics of free jets of pure gases and mixtures used as molecular beam sources are reported. A brief assessment of applications to research on atomic and molecular collision processes is included. (Author).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
The Molecular Beam Surface Analysis (MBSA) program is developing both laboratory-based and potentially field-portable chemical analyses systems taking advantage of new surface analysis technology developed at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). The objective is to develop the means to rapidly detect and identify, with high specificity and high sensitivity, nonvolatile and low volatile organics found in Chemical Weapons (CW) and High Explosives (HE) feedstocks, agents, and decomposition products on surfaces of plants, rocks, paint chips, filters, smears of buildings, vehicles, equipment, etc. Ideally, the method would involve no sample preparation and no waste generation, and would have the potential for being implemented as a field-portable instrument. In contrast to existing analytical methods that rely on sample volatility, MBSA is optimized for nonvolatile and low volatile compounds. This makes it amenable for rapidly screening field samples for CW agent decomposition products and feedstock chemicals and perhaps actual agents. In its final configuration (benchtop size) it could be operated in a non-laboratory environment (such as an office building) requiring no sample preparation chemistry or chemical supplies. It could also be included in a mobile laboratory used in on-site, ore remote site cooperative surveys, or in a standard laboratory, where it would provide fast screening of samples at minimal cost.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
Author: Mohamed Henini
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128121378
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 790
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Book Description
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): From Research to Mass Production, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MBE research and applications in epitaxial growth, along with a detailed discussion and 'how to' on processing molecular or atomic beams that occur on the surface of a heated crystalline substrate in a vacuum. The techniques addressed in the book can be deployed wherever precise thin-film devices with enhanced and unique properties for computing, optics or photonics are required. It includes new semiconductor materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many that are at the advanced research stage. This second edition covers the advances made by MBE, both in research and in the mass production of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Enhancements include new chapters on MBE growth of 2D materials, Si-Ge materials, AIN and GaN materials, and hybrid ferromagnet and semiconductor structures. - Condenses the fundamental science of MBE into a modern reference, speeding up literature review - Discusses new materials, novel applications and new device structures, grounding current commercial applications with modern understanding in industry and research - Includes coverage of MBE as mass production epitaxial technology and how it enhances processing efficiency and throughput for the semiconductor industry and nanostructured semiconductor materials research community
Author: Chi-Tung Chiang
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109993325
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
An intense beam of molecules is accomplished by expanding a high pressure gas of interest into a vacuum chamber. With appropriate design, a molecular beam can be used to generate thin film materials and gas phase clusters. The pulsed arc molecular beam deposition (PAMBD) is a thin film deposition technique that combines the molecular beam and a reliable high energy arc source. By coupling the molecular beam with tandem mass spectrometry, the consequential skimming and ionization of the molecular beam allows for the generation of ionic clusters and as well as the analysis of these clusters.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Naval research
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Author: Bretislav Friedrich
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030639630
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 639
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Book Description
This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.
