The Elements of Non-Euclidean Plane Geometry and Trigonometry PDF Download
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Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geometry
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geometry
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9781334014949
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Excerpt from The Elements of Non-Euclidean Plane Geometry and Trigonometry IN this little book I have attempted to treat the Elements of non-euclidean Plane Geometry and Trigonometry in such a way as to prove useful to teachers of Elementary Geometry in schools and colleges. Recent changes in the teaching of Geometry in England and America have made it more than ever necessary that the teachers should have some knowledge of the hypotheses on which Euclidean Geometry is built, and especially of that hypothesis on which Euclid's Theory of Parallels rests. The historical treatment of the Theory of Parallels leads naturally to a discussion of the non-euclidean Geometries and it is only when the logical possibility of these non-euclidean Geometries is properly understood that a teacher is entitled to form an independent Opinion upon the teaching of Elementary Geometry. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: H. S. Carslaw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher: Theclassics.Us
ISBN: 9781230735689
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 edition. Excerpt: ...angles y; and it can be constructed without that assumption. The associated triangle gives us the second side b of the required triangle. This argument depends upon the theorem proved in 41-3, that we can always find H(p) when p is given, and that proved in 45, that given IT(p), we can always find p. 37. Proper and Improper Points. In the Euclidean Plane two lines either intersect or are parallel. If we speak of two parallels as intersecting at "a point at infinity and assign to every straight line "a point at infinity," so that the plane is completed by the introduction of these fictitious or improper points, we can assert that any two given straight lines in the plane intersect each other. On this understanding we have two kinds of pencils of straight lines in the Euclidean Plane: the ordinary pencil whose vertex is a proper point, and the set of parallels to any given straight line, a pencil of lines whose vertex is an improper point. Also, in this Non-Euclidean Geometry, there are advantages to be gained by introducing fictitious points in the plane. If two coplanar straight lines are given they belong to one of three classes. They may intersect in the ordinary sense; they may be parallel; or they may be not-intersecting lines with a common perpendicular. Corresponding to the second and third classes we introduce two kinds of fictitious or improper points. Two parallel lines are said to intersect at a point at infinity. And every straight line will have two points at infinity, one corresponding to each direction of parallelism. All the lines parallel to a given line in the same sense will thus have a common point--a point at infinity on the line. Two not-intersecting lines have a common...
Author: Harold E. Wolfe
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486498506
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
One of the first college-level texts for elementary courses in non-Euclidean geometry, this volumeis geared toward students familiar with calculus. Topics include the fifth postulate, hyperbolicplane geometry and trigonometry, and elliptic plane geometry and trigonometry. Extensiveappendixes offer background information on Euclidean geometry, and numerous exercisesappear throughout the text.Reprint of the Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc., New York, 1945 edition
Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher: Legare Street Press
ISBN: 9781016474511
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Duncan M'Laren Young Sommerville
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bell's mathematical series for schools and colleges
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Author: I.M. Yaglom
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146126135X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
There are many technical and popular accounts, both in Russian and in other languages, of the non-Euclidean geometry of Lobachevsky and Bolyai, a few of which are listed in the Bibliography. This geometry, also called hyperbolic geometry, is part of the required subject matter of many mathematics departments in universities and teachers' colleges-a reflec tion of the view that familiarity with the elements of hyperbolic geometry is a useful part of the background of future high school teachers. Much attention is paid to hyperbolic geometry by school mathematics clubs. Some mathematicians and educators concerned with reform of the high school curriculum believe that the required part of the curriculum should include elements of hyperbolic geometry, and that the optional part of the curriculum should include a topic related to hyperbolic geometry. I The broad interest in hyperbolic geometry is not surprising. This interest has little to do with mathematical and scientific applications of hyperbolic geometry, since the applications (for instance, in the theory of automorphic functions) are rather specialized, and are likely to be encountered by very few of the many students who conscientiously study (and then present to examiners) the definition of parallels in hyperbolic geometry and the special features of configurations of lines in the hyperbolic plane. The principal reason for the interest in hyperbolic geometry is the important fact of "non-uniqueness" of geometry; of the existence of many geometric systems.
Author: Julian Lowell Coolidge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geometry, Non-Euclidean
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Author: Euclid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 544
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Book Description
"The book includes introductions, terminology and biographical notes, bibliography, and an index and glossary" --from book jacket.
