The Effects of Nursery Pig Diet Complexity on Growth Performance and Carcass Quality in Various Commercial Swine Settings PDF Download
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Author: Heather Reinhardt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Early nursery pig diets contain costly, highly digestible protein ingredients that improve growth and the transition at weaning. A large-scale study was conducted on multiple commercial swine farms in Southern Ontario to assess the influence of nursery diet complexity on growth performance from weaning to a targeted market weight, carcass traits at time of processing and a serum health biomarker (i.e. haptoglobin). Two dietary treatments were applied during the nursery period, one treatment was high complexity (HC) nursery diets and the second treatment was low complexity (LC) nursery diets. Overall, feeding LC nursery diets did not influence pig growth performance, or serum haptoglobin concentrations. Carcass quality traits and carcass value was also not influenced by nursery diet complexity. Reducing nursery diet complexity may be a feasible alternative to help reduce the cost of pork production.
Author: Heather Reinhardt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Early nursery pig diets contain costly, highly digestible protein ingredients that improve growth and the transition at weaning. A large-scale study was conducted on multiple commercial swine farms in Southern Ontario to assess the influence of nursery diet complexity on growth performance from weaning to a targeted market weight, carcass traits at time of processing and a serum health biomarker (i.e. haptoglobin). Two dietary treatments were applied during the nursery period, one treatment was high complexity (HC) nursery diets and the second treatment was low complexity (LC) nursery diets. Overall, feeding LC nursery diets did not influence pig growth performance, or serum haptoglobin concentrations. Carcass quality traits and carcass value was also not influenced by nursery diet complexity. Reducing nursery diet complexity may be a feasible alternative to help reduce the cost of pork production.
Author: Jeremiah Eugene Nemechek
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In 11 experiments, 7,325 pigs were used to determine the effects of: 1) diet type and form on finishing pig growth performance and carcass fat iodine value (IV); 2) pellet quality and feeder adjustment on pig growth performance; 3) corn particle size and diet form on finishing pig growth performance and carcass characteristics; and 4) dietary acidification, diet complexity, and feed-grade antibiotics on nursery pig growth performance. Feeding diets with wheat middlings and dried distillers grains with solubles all the way until marketing decreased G:F and carcass yield, and worsened carcass fat IV. Withdrawing these ingredients 17 d prior to market restored carcass yield, but resulted in small improvements in IV. Pelleting diets improved growth performance; however, a novel finding is that pelleting diets fed to finishing pigs increased belly fat IV. Feeding nursery pigs from a wide feeder gap may improve ADG and ADFI, with no negative effects on G:F. For finishing pigs, reducing feeder gap reduced feed disappearance and improved G:F. In all experiments, feeding pelleted diets improved G:F, but the greatest improvements occurred when the percentage of fines was minimized. Grinding corn finer than 650 microns decreased ADFI and improved G:F for finishing pigs fed meal diets, but not for pigs fed pelleted diets. Pelleting diets improved ADG and G:F, but the greatest magnitude of G:F improvement to pellets occurred when pigs were fed diets containing the largest particle size corn. Thus, grinding corn finer than 650 microns improved feed efficiency for finishing pigs fed meal diets, but provided no additional benefit for pigs fed pelleted diets. When dietary supplementation of benzoic acid was evaluated, added benzoic acid in nursery pig diets did not influence growth performance in university conditions, whereas feeding complex diets or antimicrobials improved growth. In the commercial setting, acidifiers improved growth in one experiment but not the other. The varying response to acidifiers is likely influenced by health status, age, or starting weight of pigs.
Author: John F. Patience
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9086867561
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Author: L. Donald Skinner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Elise Lafleur Lariviere
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Pork producers operate under tight profit margins. Nursery diets are the most expensive in the pork production cycle. Therefore, this thesis investigated the use of low-complexity (LC) diets in the nursery and assessed the effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination and the supplementation of a commercial feed additive or fish oil on pig growth performance, gut morphology, and immune response to assess application to industry. Growth performance was not different for pigs fed LC diets with no or low DON contamination than pigs fed the high-complexity diet as the same bodyweight was reached by the end of the nursery period. The commercial feed additive improved certain immune parameters and gut morphology when feeding high DON-contaminated diets but did not rescue growth performance. Therefore, low-complexity diets could be fed to nursery pigs so long as DON-contamination is below 1.5 ppm, and the commercial feed additive may improve immune function and gut morphology.
Author: Guilherme Hosotani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Two 35-d experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of reducing crude protein by 2.5% and diet complexity with amino acid supplementation on performance and feed cost during the nursery phase. In Exp. 1 and 2, 32 PIC barrows (initial wt. = 7.28 ± 0.44 and 6.89 ± 0.77 kg, respectively) were weaned at 21 d and allotted to one of four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (RCD) with four replicate pens per treatment with two pigs/pen. The four diets were: 1) corn-soybean meal based diet; 2) diet 1 with inclusion of fishmeal (FM) and spray-dried plasma (SDP) in Exp. 1 or soy protein concentrate (SPC) and spray-dried blood cells (SDBC) in Exp. 2; 3) low crude-protein diet (LCP) with 2.5% reduction; 4) LCP containing FM and SDP in Exp. 1 or SPC and SDBC in Exp. 2. In order to reduce CP by 2.5%, diets were supplemented with synthetic lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan (Trp) in Exp. 1 and in Exp. 2, LCP diets were additionally fortified with synthetic valine (Val) and isoleucine (Ile). Blood samples were collected on d 14, 21, 28 and 35 for determining plasma urea N (PUN). Growth performance was determined weekly. Overall in Exp. 1, pigs fed corn-soybean meal based diet containing higher CP had greater ADG (P = 0.001) than pigs fed LCP diet (0.60 vs. 0.52 kg/d, respectively) and final BW (25.28 vs. 22.95 kg, respectively) (P = 0.002). Pigs fed diets containing FM and SDP had higher final BW when compared to pigs fed less complex diets (24.87 vs. 23.35 kg, respectively) (P = 0.034). These data suggest that Val and Ile become the next limiting amino acids in LCP nursery diets. In Exp. 2, there was no effect on overall ADG and final BW. However, pigs fed HCP diets had decreased ADFI (P = 0.009) when compared to pigs fed LCP diets (0.92 vs. 1.01 kg/d, respectively). Meanwhile, pigs fed diets containing SDBC and SPC had decreased ADFI (P = 0.019) compared to pigs fed noncomplex diets (0.93 vs. 1.00 kg/d, respectively). Overall in Exp. 1 and 2, pigs fed LCP diets had lower PUN concentration (P
Author: Tony Cunha
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 032315381X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
Swine Feeding and Nutrition provides detailed information on aspects of swine production. It begins with a presentation of the past, present, and future of swine industry. Then, it reviews the many factors that can affect nutrient requirements and needs. This text summarizes minerals, vitamins, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, fiber, fatty acids, fat, energy, water, enzymes, and antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds in swine industry. Furthermore, it discusses the relative value of feeds for use in swine diets and the feeding requirement for baby pig, growing-finishing pigs, and the breeding herd. This book will be very valuable to beginners in swine production, established swine raisers, feed manufacturers and dealers, county agents, farm advisors and consultants, and veterinarians. Animal science and agriculture students and instructors will also find this book helpful.
Author: Aaron Michael Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A total of 6,465 nursery pigs were used in 8 experiments. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) or fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on nursery pig growth performance. A LP x FSBM interaction was detected for G:F, where LP and FSBM individually improved G:F, but the effect was not additive. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of increasing levels of LP on nursery pig performance. No evidence for differences in growth performance were observed among dietary treatments. Experiment 3 and 4 examined the effects of fish meal source and level on nursery pig growth performance. Overall, a source x level interaction for ADG, G:F and final BW was observed as increasing fish meal source 1 improved ADG and G:F; however, pigs fed fish meal source 2 had improved ADG and G:F at 3%, but decreased at 6%. Pigs fed fish meal source 3 had no further improvements in ADG and G:F beyond the 3% inclusion. No evidence for differences were detected between the dietary treatments for ADFI. Experiment 5 evaluated the effects of feeding fish solubles on nursery pig performance. Pigs fed diets with fish meal had increased ADG and ADFI compared to pigs fed the control diet. There was no evidence for differences in growth performance as fish solubles increased. Experiment 6 and 7 investigated the effects of enzymatically-treated soybean meal (ESBM) on nursery pig performance. Results indicated that nursery pigs fed diets with greater than 9% of ESBM resulted in decreased ADFI and final BW. Experiment 8 evaluated the effects of dietary electrolyte balance (dEB) on nursery pig performance. Increasing dEB in diets from weaning to 21-d after weaning resulted in an increase in ADG and BW, which was the result of a marginally significant improvement in ADFI and G:F. Finally, an experiment was conducted to determine the optimal strategy for collecting and submitting samples that adequately describe the nutrient levels in diets collected from a commercial swine facility. Sampling feeders with a probe resulted in less variability on an individual basis, but seemed to get washed out when individual samples were pooled to form a composite sample.
Author: Xiaoyuan Wei
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
To secure animal welfare and maximum production, feed additives are often added to nursery pig diets to increase nutrition digestibility, enhance intestinal health, and prevent or mitigate disease, with the ultimate goal of improving growth performance. This thesis performed a longitudinal analysis using next-generation sequencing to investigate the dynamic changes of gut microbiota in weaned pigs fed commercial feed additives. Chapter II was used to evaluate the effects of organic acid mixture on growth performance and gut microbiota of weaning pigs. This study demonstrated that the inclusion of 0.035% (SBA0.035) or 0.070% (SBA0.070) sodium butyrate in a diet containing 0.5% benzoic acid improved the growth performance of weaning pigs. The SBA0.035 diet revealed the greatest gut microbial diversity and the enrichment of several potentially beneficial bacterial taxa such as Oscillospira, Blautia, and Turicibacter. The results showed that the gut community benefitted more in pigs fed this diet compared to the other diets used in this study. Chapter III evaluated the impact of peptides along with probiotic and ZnO on the growth performance and fecal microbiome of weaning pigs. Results indicated that the combination diet of peptides and ZnO can offer equivalent growth performance but at a lower cost as compared to the diet containing SDPP and ZnO. Gut microbiota analysis clearly showed that diet containing peptides plus ZnO had similar impacts on specific bacteria as dietary SDPP in combination with ZnO, which may have contributed to increased growth performance. In Chapter IV, we evaluated the growth performance and gut microbiota of weaning pigs subjected to different levels of peptides with or without the pharmaceutical level of ZnO supplementation in a nutrient‐deficient diet. Results revealed that the pharmaceutical level of ZnO conditioned the gut community to a point where the peptides could effectively restore growth performance in nursery pigs fed nutrient-deficient diets.
Author: Caspar Wenk
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086865046
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Pork is the most widely produced meat in the world. To cover the demands of a fast growing population, new scientific knowledge in genetics, physiology and nutrition is generated, which contributes in a general increase of production performance. Production systems can be improved by constructing models which help to optimise use of the means of production and intensify production. In some regions where production intensity is high, concerns about environmental pollution are increasingly becoming a limiting factor. Consumers, and with them the retailer organisations, are voicing serious concerns about the production systems and especially the use of feed additives.In the context of the above, the question of the quality of pork becomes a relevant issue. A general view can only be obtained by taking all factors into consideration.The diverse aspects of pork quality were covered in the session on "Quality of Meat and Fat as Affected by Genetics and Nutrition" at the 50th annual meeting of the EAAP in Zurich. This publication presents the review presentations which give an overview from the different perspectives of meat quality and it's use in human nutrition: genetics, physiology, animal nutrition, meat consumption and human health and consumer concerns. In addition, 38 short communications provide up-to-date knowledge on the subject of quality from a European perspective.
