The Effects of Bacillus Thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus Sphaericus on Low-Density Polyethylene PDF Download
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Author: Rishi Ray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The purpose of this research is to determine and compare the rates that Bacillus thuringiensis, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, and a composite of the two degrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE), the global leading plastic pollutant. The research involved measuring the mass of LDPE degraded by B. thuringiensis, L. sphaericus, and a composite of the two. The bacteria agars were inoculated to make a bacterial broth of each culture. Samples of LDPE were exposed individually to B. thuringiensis broth, L. sphaericus broth, and a composite mixture for nine days. Six separate, identical trials were executed, and all were subjected to the same environmental conditions. The masses of all samples were measured and compared to respective masses before exposure to calculate mass degradation. The research and subsequent data obtained present the conclusion that the bacterial composite has a significantly greater degradation rate on LDPE than the B. thuringiensis and L. sphaericus independently. The data furthermore showed an insignificant difference in degradation rates between B. thuringiensis and L. sphaericus individually. The results propose the potential of further developing more effective compositions of microorganisms to degrade polyethylene beyond the rate of the composite examined in this research to reduce global plastic pollution that plagues the environment.
Author: Rishi Ray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The purpose of this research is to determine and compare the rates that Bacillus thuringiensis, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, and a composite of the two degrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE), the global leading plastic pollutant. The research involved measuring the mass of LDPE degraded by B. thuringiensis, L. sphaericus, and a composite of the two. The bacteria agars were inoculated to make a bacterial broth of each culture. Samples of LDPE were exposed individually to B. thuringiensis broth, L. sphaericus broth, and a composite mixture for nine days. Six separate, identical trials were executed, and all were subjected to the same environmental conditions. The masses of all samples were measured and compared to respective masses before exposure to calculate mass degradation. The research and subsequent data obtained present the conclusion that the bacterial composite has a significantly greater degradation rate on LDPE than the B. thuringiensis and L. sphaericus independently. The data furthermore showed an insignificant difference in degradation rates between B. thuringiensis and L. sphaericus individually. The results propose the potential of further developing more effective compositions of microorganisms to degrade polyethylene beyond the rate of the composite examined in this research to reduce global plastic pollution that plagues the environment.
Author: Suhaib A. Bandh
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012817496X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
Freshwater Microbiology: Perspectives of Bacterial Dynamics in Lake Ecosystems provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of microbial ecology in lakes. It offers basic information on how well the bacterial community composition varies along the spatio-temporal and trophic gradients along with the evaluation of the bioindicator species of bacteria so as to act as a key to predict the trophic status of lake ecosystems. The book helps to identify the factors of potential importance in structuring the bacterial communities in lakes as it delves into the dynamics and diversity of bacterial community composition in relation to various water quality parameters. It helps to identify the possibility of bioremediation plans and devising future policy decisions, with better conservation and management practices. Provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of microbial ecology Helps to identify the factors of potential importance in structuring the bacterial community composition Gives insight into the bacterial diversity of freshwater lake ecosystems along with their industrial potential Caters to the needs and aspirations of students and professional researchers
Author: Surajit Das
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128148500
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 715
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Book Description
Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era presents insights on the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny, along with their applications and respective pros and cons. Though many advanced techniques for the identification of any unknown bacterium are available in the genomics era, a far fewer number of the total microbial species have been discovered and identified to date. The assessment of microbial taxonomy and biosystematics techniques discovered and practiced in the current genomics era with suitable recommendations is the prime focus of this book. Discusses the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny with their applications and respective pros and cons Reviews the evolving field of bacterial typing and the genomic technologies that enable comparative analysis of multiple genomes and the metagenomes of complex microbial environments Provides a uniform, standard methodology for species designation
Author: Niall A. Logan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642195776
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
Aerobic endospore-forming bacteria are found in soils of all kinds, ranging from acid to alkaline, hot to cold, and fertile to desert. It is well known that endospores confer special properties upon their owners and play dominant parts in their life cycles and dispersal, and much has been written about the spores, genetics, and economic importance of these organisms. Much has also been written about soil ecology, but there is a relative dearth of literature that brings together different aspects of the behaviour and characters of endospore-formers with their contributions to soil ecosystems. This Soil Biology volume fills that gap. Following chapters that describe the current classification of these organisms, that review methods for their detection and for studying their life cycles in soils, and that examine their dispersal, other chapters show that they are active and dynamic members of soil floras that interact widely with other soil inhabitants, with roles in nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and soil remediation.
Author: Patricio S. Faylon
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1443871052
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
Global concern over the demerits of chemicals in agriculture has diverted the attention of researchers towards using the potential of PGPR in agriculture. This book contains many useful and important research papers pertaining to the use of bio-fertilizers and bio-fungicides for sustainable agriculture. This volume is presented in an easy-to-understand manner,with well-illustrated protocols on the production to commercialization of PGPR. The chapters on commercial potential, trade and regulatory issues among Asian countries are worthwhile additions. As such, this book will prove useful for students, researchers, teachers, and entrepreneurs in the area of PGPR and its allied fields.
Author: Juan A. Morales-Ramos
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128221488
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 642
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Book Description
Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens, Second Edition explores the latest advancements and technologies for large-scale rearing and manipulation of natural enemies while presenting ways of improving success rate, predictability of biological control procedures, and demonstrating their safe and effective use. Organized into three sections, Parasitoids and Predators, Pathogens, and Invertebrates for Other Applications, this second edition contains important new information on production technology of predatory mites and hymenopteran parasitoids for biological control, application of insects in the food industry and production methods of insects for feed and food, and production of bumble bees for pollination.Beneficial organisms include not only insect predators and parasitoids, but also mite predators, nematodes, fungi, bacteria and viruses. In the past two decades, tremendous advances have been achieved in developing technology for producing these organisms. Despite that and the globally growing research and interest in biological control and biotechnology applications, commercialization of these technologies is still in progress. This is an essential reference and teaching tool for researchers in developed and developing countries working to produce “natural enemies in biological control and integrated pest management programs. Highlights the most advanced and current techniques for mass production of beneficial organisms and methods of evaluation and quality assessment Presents methods for developing artificial diets and reviews the evaluation and assurance of the quality of mass-produced arthropods Provides an outlook of the growing industry of insects as food and feed and describes methods for mass producing the most important insect species used as animal food and food ingredients
Author: Pankaj Kumar Arora
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811619476
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
This edited volume discusses the role of various microbial products in healthcare, environment and agriculture. Several microbial products are directly involved in solving major health problems, agricultural and environmental issues. In healthcare sector, microbes are used as anti-tumor compounds, antibiotics, anti-parasitic agents, enzyme inhibitors and immunosuppressive agents. Microbial products are also used to degrade xenobiotic compounds and bio-surfactants, for biodegradation process. In agriculture, microbial products are used to enhance nutrient uptake, to promote plant growth, or to control plant diseases. The book presents several such applications of microbes in the ecosystems. The chapters are contributed from across the globe and contain up-to-date information. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, microbiologists and ecologists. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences.
Author: Birgit Kamm
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 366245209X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
The book describes how plant biomass can be used as renewable feedstock for producing and further processing various products. Particular attention is given to microbial processes both for the digestion of biomass and the synthesis of platform chemicals, biofuels and secondary products. Topics covered include: new metabolic pathways of microbes living on green plants and in silage; using lignocellulosic hydrolysates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates; fungi such as Penicillium as host for the production of heterologous proteins and enzymes; bioconversion of sugar hydrolysates into lipids; production of succinic acid, lactones, lactic acid and organic lactates using different bacteria species; cellulose hydrolyzing bacteria in the production of biogas from plant biomass; and isoprenoid compounds in engineered microbes.
Author: Raghvendra Pratap Singh
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811530289
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227
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Book Description
The book compiles the latest studies on microorganisms thriving in extreme conditions. Microbes have been found in extremely high and low temperatures, highly acidic to saline conditions, from deserts to the Dead sea, from hot-springs to underwater hydrothermal vents- the diversity is incredible. The various chapters highlight the microbial life and describe the mechanisms of tolerance to these harsh conditions, and show how an understanding of these phenomena can help us exploit the microbes in biotechnology. The theme of the book is highly significant since life in these environments can give vital clues about the origin and evolution of life on earth, as a lot of these conditions simulate the environment present billions of years ago. Additionally, the study of adaptation and survival of organisms in such environments can be important for finding life on other planets. This book shall be useful for students, researchers and course instructors interested in evolution, microbial adaptations and ecology in varied environments.
Author: Barbara J.E. Schulz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540335269
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
This is the first book dedicated to the interactions of non-mycorrhizal microbial endophytes with plant roots. The phenotypes of these interactions can be extremely plastic, depending on environmental factors, nutritional status, genetic disposition and developmental stages of the two partners. This book explores diversity, life history strategies, interactions, applications in agriculture and forestry, methods for isolation, cultivation, and both conventional and molecular methods for identification and detection of these endophytes.
