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Author: J.L.S. Wales
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789029801027
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 111
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Book Description
1. 1 Preamble The science to which this work is appended is termed rheology and rheology means the study of flow and deformation of liquids and solids with emphasis on the underlying physical processes. Characteristic for solids is that they respond to a force by deforming, and, on removal of the force, by returning to their original shape. This type of re sponse is termed elastic. Characteristic for liquids is that they deform and continue to deform as long as the force is present. This type of response is termed viscous. The two definitions just given for viscous and elastic response represent ~wo extremes of response to an external force. Materials do not always fall readily into one or the other of the above-mentioned categories. An additional parameter is needed to describe material response more fully. The extra param eter is time. As a general rule the faster the deformation the closer the re sponse is to being elastic, the slower the deformation the closer the response is to being viscous. Slow and fast . are factors relative to some natural time, T, of the material. This natural time may be thought connected with the rates of spontaneous diffusion of its molecular and atomic constituents. For every day fluids as water, the natural time is very short, of the order of 10-10s 1) and hence for most purposes is considered as being viscous.
Author: J.L.S. Wales
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789029801027
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Get Book
Book Description
1. 1 Preamble The science to which this work is appended is termed rheology and rheology means the study of flow and deformation of liquids and solids with emphasis on the underlying physical processes. Characteristic for solids is that they respond to a force by deforming, and, on removal of the force, by returning to their original shape. This type of re sponse is termed elastic. Characteristic for liquids is that they deform and continue to deform as long as the force is present. This type of response is termed viscous. The two definitions just given for viscous and elastic response represent ~wo extremes of response to an external force. Materials do not always fall readily into one or the other of the above-mentioned categories. An additional parameter is needed to describe material response more fully. The extra param eter is time. As a general rule the faster the deformation the closer the re sponse is to being elastic, the slower the deformation the closer the response is to being viscous. Slow and fast . are factors relative to some natural time, T, of the material. This natural time may be thought connected with the rates of spontaneous diffusion of its molecular and atomic constituents. For every day fluids as water, the natural time is very short, of the order of 10-10s 1) and hence for most purposes is considered as being viscous.
Author: J.L.S. Wales
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789401015561
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
1. 1 Preamble The science to which this work is appended is termed rheology and rheology means the study of flow and deformation of liquids and solids with emphasis on the underlying physical processes. Characteristic for solids is that they respond to a force by deforming, and, on removal of the force, by returning to their original shape. This type of re sponse is termed elastic. Characteristic for liquids is that they deform and continue to deform as long as the force is present. This type of response is termed viscous. The two definitions just given for viscous and elastic response represent ~wo extremes of response to an external force. Materials do not always fall readily into one or the other of the above-mentioned categories. An additional parameter is needed to describe material response more fully. The extra param eter is time. As a general rule the faster the deformation the closer the re sponse is to being elastic, the slower the deformation the closer the response is to being viscous. Slow and fast . are factors relative to some natural time, T, of the material. This natural time may be thought connected with the rates of spontaneous diffusion of its molecular and atomic constituents. For every day fluids as water, the natural time is very short, of the order of 10-10s 1) and hence for most purposes is considered as being viscous.
Author: Hermann Janeschitz-Kriegl
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642688225
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 538
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Book Description
The present monograph is intended as an introduction into a field which certainly did not receive proper attention in the past. It is one of the aims of this book to verify this suppo sition. The author hopes to show that the technique of the measurement of flow birefringence can fulfil an important com plementary task in polymer melt rheology. From this point it is expected that the present monograph will attract the atten tion of polymer scientists in general, and of rheologists and process engineers in particular. Certainly, the fourth chapter will appeal to the latter group. As a teacher in polymer science and technology the author wants to address also the group of the graduate students. In fact, the standard knowledge acquired during usual university studies in chemistry, physics or engineering does not enable a quick start of research activities in the field of polymer melt rheology. Certainly, in this typically interdisciplinary field everyone can lay emphasis on matters which are familar to hirn because of his preceding education. Significant research activities, however, can only be generated on the basis of a more universal knowledge. In the absence of this knowledge beginners have to rely upon the guidance of their supervisors for an unduly long period. Otherwise they take the risk of losing too much of their costly time. This holds in particular for the experimentalists who cannot be dispensed from being familiar with the necessary theoretical background.
Author: F N Cogswell
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857092987
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
This book explores the ways in which melt flow behaviour can be exploited by the plastics engineer and technician for increased efficiency of processing operation, control of end product properties and selection and development of polymers for specific purposes. (reissued with minor corrections 1994)
Author: R.S. Lenk
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940109666X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
Everything flows, so rheology is a universal science. Even if we set aside claims of such width, there can be no doubt of its importance in polymers. It joins with chemistry in the polymerisation step but polymer engineering is supreme in all the succeeding steps. This is the area concerned with the fabrication of the polymer into articles or components, with their design to meet the needs in service, and with the long and short term performance of the article or component. This is a typical area of professional engineering activity, but one as yet without its proper complement of professional engineers. An understanding of polymer rheology is the key to effective design and material plus process selection, to efficient fabrication, and to satisfactory service, yet few engineers make adequate use of what is known and understood in polymer rheology. Its importance in the flow processes of fabrication is obvious. Less obvious, but equally important, are the rheological phenomena which determine the in-service performance. There is a gap between the polymer rheologist and the polymer engineer which is damaging to both parties and which contributes to a less than satisfactory use of polymers in our society. It is important that this gap be filled and this book makes an attempt to do so. It presents an outline of what is known in a concise and logical fashion. It does this starting from first principles and with the minimum use of complex mathematics.
Author: Rakesh K. Gupta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482273705
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
An analysis of polymer and composite rheology. This second edition covers flow properties of thermoplastic and thermoset polymers, and general principles and applications of all phases of polymer rheology, with new chapters on the rheology of particulate and fibre composites. It also includes new and expanded detail on polymer blends and emulsions, foams, reacting systems, and flow through porous media as well as composite processing operations.
Author: J. A. Brydson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polymer melting
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Author: Alexander Ya. Malkin
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1927885221
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
Rheology: Concepts, Methods and Applications, Third Edition provides a thorough historical and theoretical grounding in the field, and introduces rheology as the method of solving many practical problems in materials science and engineering. The book is practical and relevant for industry, but is also consistent with rheology courses in academia, making it relevant to both academics and accomplished rheologists in industry. The first four chapters discuss various aspects of theoretical rheology and, through examples from numerous studies, show how particular theories, models, or equations can be used in solving different problems. The shared experience and insight contained in these chapters assists practitioners carrying out rheological studies in generating relevant data. This helps to avert costly errors in analysis which are common when data are generated under the wrong conditions, or are incorrectly used. The fifth chapter covers methods of measurement and treatment of raw data—eight groups of methods are discussed in this chapter, providing the reader with many options for experimentation, along with guidance on where and how to use them properly. The final chapter demonstrates how to use rheological methods for different groups of products and manufacturing methods. The usefulness of chemorheological (rheokinetical) measurements is also emphasized. The chapter has a particular emphasis on real-world applications of rheology, and gives practical guidance to enable materials scientists to gather data and solve problems using these methods. This book is a systematic presentation of the subject of rheology—written by two of the foremost researchers in the field—showing the subject as an interrelated system of concepts, principal phenomena, experimental methods, and directions of their application. It also links with other branches of theoretical and applied sciences. Provides substantial experience and insight to assist rheologists working in a range of industries to generate relevant data, avoiding costly errors in analysis Includes eight groups of measurement methods, providing the reader with options so they can choose the most effective for their situation Offers thorough coverage of different applications of rheology, demonstrating how to use rheological methods for different products—from polymeric materials to food products, biological fluids, and electro and magnetic materials
Author: J.-M. Piau
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780080540566
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
This book presents the main results obtained by different laboratories involved in the research group Rheology for polymer melt processing which is associated with French universities, schools of engineering, and the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - France). The group comprises some 15 research laboratories of varied disciplines (chemistry, physics, material sciences, mechanics, mathematics), but with a common challenge viz. to enhance the understanding of the relationships between macromolecular species, their rheology and their processing. Some crucial issues of polymer science have been addressed: correlation of viscoelastic macroscopic bulk property measurements and models, slip at the wall, extrusion defects, correlation between numerical flow simulations and experiments. Features of the book: • The book is unique in that it allows one to grasp the key issues in polymer rheology and processing at once through a series of detailed state-of-the-art contributions, which were previously scattered throughout the literature. • Each paper was reviewed by experts and the book editors and some coordination was established in order to achieve a readable and easy access style. • Papers have been grouped in sections covering successively: Molecular dynamics, Constitutive equations and numerical modelling, Simple and complex flows. • Each paper can be read independently. Since the book is intended as an introduction to the main topics in polymer processing, it will be of interest to graduate students as well as to scientists in academic and industrial laboratories.
Author: Victor Hugo Rólon Garrido
Publisher: Univerlagtuberlin
ISBN: 3798320640
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
