The Advanced Neutron Source Three-element-core Fuel Grading PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 8
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The proposed Advanced Neutron Source (ANS) pre-conceptual design consists of a two-element 330 MW{sub f} nuclear reactor fueled with highly-enriched uranium and is cooled, moderated, and reflected with heavy water. Recently, the ANS design has been changed to a three-element configuration in order to permit a reduction of the enrichment, if required, while maintaining or improving the thermal-hydraulic margins. The core consists of three annular fuel elements composed of involute-shaped fuel plates. Each fuel plate has a thickness of 1.27 mm and consists of a fuel meat region Of U3Si2-Al (50% enriched in one case that was proposed) and an aluminum filler region between aluminum cladding. The individual plates are separated by a 1.27 mm coolant channel. The three element core has a fuel loading of 31 kg of 235U which is sufficient for a 17-day fuel cycle. The goal in obtaining a new fuel grading is to maximize important temperature margins. The limits imposed axe: (1) Limit the temperature drop over the cladding oxide layer to less than 119°C to avoid oxide spallation. (2) Limit the fuel centerline temperature to less than 400°C to avoid fuel damage. (3) Limit the cladding wall temperature to less than the coolant. incipient-boiling temperature to avoid coolant boiling. Other thermal hydraulic conditions, such as critical heat flux, are also considered.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
The proposed Advanced Neutron Source (ANS) pre-conceptual design consists of a two-element 330 MW{sub f} nuclear reactor fueled with highly-enriched uranium and is cooled, moderated, and reflected with heavy water. Recently, the ANS design has been changed to a three-element configuration in order to permit a reduction of the enrichment, if required, while maintaining or improving the thermal-hydraulic margins. The core consists of three annular fuel elements composed of involute-shaped fuel plates. Each fuel plate has a thickness of 1.27 mm and consists of a fuel meat region Of U3Si2-Al (50% enriched in one case that was proposed) and an aluminum filler region between aluminum cladding. The individual plates are separated by a 1.27 mm coolant channel. The three element core has a fuel loading of 31 kg of 235U which is sufficient for a 17-day fuel cycle. The goal in obtaining a new fuel grading is to maximize important temperature margins. The limits imposed axe: (1) Limit the temperature drop over the cladding oxide layer to less than 119°C to avoid oxide spallation. (2) Limit the fuel centerline temperature to less than 400°C to avoid fuel damage. (3) Limit the cladding wall temperature to less than the coolant. incipient-boiling temperature to avoid coolant boiling. Other thermal hydraulic conditions, such as critical heat flux, are also considered.
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Languages : en
Pages : 40
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This report describes the development and qualification plan for the fuel for the Advanced Neutron Source. The reference fuel is U3Si2, dispersed in aluminum and clad in 6061 aluminum. This report was prepared in May 1994, at which time the reference design was for a two-element core containing highly enriched uranium (93% 235U) . The reactor was in the process of being redesigned to accommodate lowered uranium enrichment and became a three-element core containing a higher volume fraction of uranium enriched to 50% 235U. Consequently, this report was not issued at that time and would have been revised to reflect the possibly different requirements of the lower-enrichment, higher-volume fraction fuel. Because the reactor is now being canceled, this unrevised report is being issued for archival purposes. The report describes the fabrication and inspection development plan, the irradiation tests and performance modeling to qualify performance, the transient testing that is part of the safety program, and the interactions and interfaces of the fuel development with other tasks.
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Languages : en
Pages : 109
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This report is intended to be a supplement to ORNL/TM-12398, Steady-State Thermal-Hydraulic Design Analysis of the Advanced Neutron Source Reactor. It updates the core thermal-hydrualic design to the latest three-element configuration and also provides the most recent information on the thermal-hydraulic statistical uncertainty analysis. In addition, it includes calculations of beam tube cooling and control rod lift forces, which were not addressed in the initial report. This report describes work that is a snapshot in time as it stood at the end of the project. The three-element core calculations include a description of changes made to the overall coolant system; however, most of the analysis is focused on fuel loading thermal-hydraulic calculations. This analysis uses updated uncertainty values and indicates that a two-dimensional fuel grading in the three-element core would still be necessary to meet the desired operating and safety criteria. Analysis of cooling in the reflector tank examines various cooling options for the reflector tank components. This work investigated multiple forced convection designs as well as natural convection cooling requirements. Lift forces on the inner control rods caused by the upward coolant flow were also examined. Initial control rod designs were such that a sheared control rod would tend to lift because of flow forces. Design changes were recommended that would eliminate this issue. They included geometry changes to the inner control rod cooling channels, changes to the orificing in the central hole region, and reduction of inner control rod coolant velocity.
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Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Consistent with the words of the budget request for the Advanced Neutron Source (ANS), DOE commissioned a study of the impact on performance of using medium- or low-enriched uranium (MEU or LEU) in the fuel of the reactor that generates the neutrons. In the course of the study, performance calculations for 19 different combinations of reactor core volume, fuel density and enrichment, power level, and other relevant parameters were carried out. Since then, another 14 cases have been analyzed at Oak Ridge to explore some of the more interesting and important configurations and to gain further insights into the tradeoffs between performance and enrichment. Furthermore, with the aid of the data from these additional cases, we have been able to correlate the most important performance parameters (peak thermal neutron flux in the reflector and core life) with reactor power, fuel density, and fuel enrichment. This enables us to investigate intermediate cases, or alternative cases that might be proposed by people within or outside the project, without the time and expense of doing completely new neutronics calculations for each new example. The main drivers of construction and operating costs are the reactor power level and the number of fuel plates to be fabricated each year; these quantities can be calculated from the correlations. The results show that the baseline two-element core design cannot be adapted to any practical fuel of greatly reduced enrichment without great performance penalties, but that a modification of the design, in which one additional fuel element is incorporated to provide extra volume for lower enrichment fuels, has the capability of using existing, or more advanced, fuel types to lower the uranium enrichment.
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Languages : en
Pages : 24
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The proposed design for the Advanced Neutron Source reactor core consists of closely spaced involute fuel plates. Coolant flows between the plates at high velocities. It is vital that adjacent plates do not come in contact and that the coolant channels between the plates remain open. Several scenarios that could result in problems with the fuel plates are studied. Finite element analyses are performed on fuel plates under pressure from the coolant flowing between the plates at a high velocity, under pressure because of a partial flow blockage in one of the channels, and with different temperature profiles.
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Languages : en
Pages : 11
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A new fuel loading design has been developed for the Advanced Neutron Source Reactor. In this reactor the combination of a small core volume and high power results in a very high power density. Using a direct optimization procedure the thermal-hydraulic margins for oxide temperature drop, centerline temperature and incipient boiling (and thus critical heat flux) were maximized to increase the limiting thermal power from 298 MW to 346 MW compared to the previous fuel grading, while maintaining the desired peak reflector thermal flux.
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Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 554
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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As part of a larger study involving several organizations, the Advanced Neutron Source (ANS) Project made performance calculations for 19 different combinations of reactor core volume, fuel density and enrichment, power level, and other relevant parameters. These calculations were performed by Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Subsequently, ORNL analyzed 14 other cases. With the aid of data from these 33 cases, the laboratory has been able to correlate the most important performance characteristics (peak thermal flux in the reflector and core life) with fuel enrichment, fuel density, and power. The correlations permits the investigation of additional cases without going to the expense of doing completely new neutronics calculations for each new one and can be used to prepare curves showing the effects of different enrichments and of different fuel densities within the entire range from existing technology to the very advanced, as yet undeveloped fuels that have been proposed from time to time.
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Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1146
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