Ten-year Performance of Treated Northeastern Softwoods in Aboveground and Ground-contact Exposures PDF Download
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Author: Douglas M. Crawford
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Softwood
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Author: Douglas M. Crawford
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Softwood
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest products
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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The value of some northeastern tree species could be increased if they could be adequately treated with preservatives and shown to be durable in outdoor exposures. This paper reports on research to evaluate the ground-contact durability of northeastern species treated with copper-based preservatives. Stakes (19 by 19 by 457 mm) cut from balsam fir, eastern hemlock, eastern spruce, white pine, or red maple were treated with one of four concentrations of chromated copper arsenate, copper citrate, alkaline copper quat, or copper azole and placed into the ground at a test site in southern Mississippi. Similarly treated Southern Pine stakes were included for comparison. For 5 years, the stakes were rated annually for decay and termite attack. Untreated stakes of all wood species failed rapidly, indicating that none of the species evaluated have significant natural durability. Occasional failures have occurred in treated stakes, typically at the lower preservative retentions. Treated Southern Pine and eastern hemlock stakes have experienced the fewest failures, with treated white pine stakes performing nearly as well. Treated eastern spruce and red maple stakes had the most failures, and treated balsam fir stakes also had substantial failures. The failures in eastern spruce and balsam fir stakes appear to be attributable to poor preservative penetration and retention within individual stakes. Failures in the red maple stakes may be attributable to the differences in hardwood anatomy and the distribution of preservative within the wood structure. Of the northeastern species evaluated, eastern hemlock and white pine appear to perform most similarly to Southern Pine when treated with the copper-based preservatives. However, further exposure time is needed to allow more definitive conclusions.
Author:
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Category : Forest products
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Author:
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Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 900
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Author: American Wood-Preservers' Association. Meeting
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wood
Languages : en
Pages : 534
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List of members in each vol. (except v. 2).
Author: Jake J. Bigelow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Timber material repair and replacement cost for timber bridges is a considerable expense to highway agencies in Iowa, especially to county road departments. To address these needs, the objectives of this investigation was to study the field effectiveness of various treatment alternatives used on Iowa roadway projects and to determine if the current specifications and testing are adequate for providing proper wood preservation. To satisfy the research needs, the project scope involved a literature review, identification of metrics, questionnaire survey of Iowa counties, on site inspections, and a review of current specifications and testing procedures. Based on the preservative information obtained, the following general conclusions were made: Copper naphthenate is recommended as the plant-applied preservative treatment for timber bridges. Best Management Practices should be followed to ensure quality treatment of timber materials. Bridge maintenance programs need to be developed and implemented. The Iowa Department of Transportation specifications for preservative treatment are the regulating specification for bridges constructed with state or federal funding in Iowa and are also recommended for all other bridges.
Author:
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Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Forest products
Languages : en
Pages : 814
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