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Author: Daniel Olika
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The rise of economic globalization, the need to prevent unilateralism from impeding globalization, and the corresponding development of bilateral tax treaty networks in the early 20th century have been responsible for the bilateralism that characterized the international tax law and policy of the past century. However, with the creation of the European Union and the creation of other regional economic communities (RECs) in the decades that followed; there has been a steady manifestation of multilateralism (in addition to bilateralism) in international tax policymaking - both in terms of multilateral tax treaties and multilateral tax directives. Despite resistance by various countries to multilateral tax policymaking for reasons of tax sovereignty etc., the growth and development of this trend have seemed almost unavoidable. Bolstered by the financial crisis and the drive to replace the century-old international tax policies, built on bilateralism, that have made harmful tax competition possible; the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has taken multilateralism in international tax policy even further with its work on the Inclusive Framework and the development of a multilateral tax treaty to avoid base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). It is becoming clearer that multilateralism, despite its limitations and the resistance towards it, is critical in redefining the international tax policy of the future. Yet, arguments remain about the efficacy of multilateralism in international tax policymaking where countries have different growth agendas, sizes, and capacities. One area where this debate on tax multilateralism continues to feature; is with respect to RECs where there is the need to ensure the free flow of capital and trade, and to prevent harmful tax competition between member states which could adversely affect revenue mobilization and tax harmonization/ coordination. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature on tax multilateralism in RECs by interrogating the conceptual foundations for tax multilateralism and assessing its suitability for ensuring tax harmonization/ coordination, preventing harmful tax competition, and driving revenue mobilization in RECs.
Author: Daniel Olika
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The rise of economic globalization, the need to prevent unilateralism from impeding globalization, and the corresponding development of bilateral tax treaty networks in the early 20th century have been responsible for the bilateralism that characterized the international tax law and policy of the past century. However, with the creation of the European Union and the creation of other regional economic communities (RECs) in the decades that followed; there has been a steady manifestation of multilateralism (in addition to bilateralism) in international tax policymaking - both in terms of multilateral tax treaties and multilateral tax directives. Despite resistance by various countries to multilateral tax policymaking for reasons of tax sovereignty etc., the growth and development of this trend have seemed almost unavoidable. Bolstered by the financial crisis and the drive to replace the century-old international tax policies, built on bilateralism, that have made harmful tax competition possible; the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has taken multilateralism in international tax policy even further with its work on the Inclusive Framework and the development of a multilateral tax treaty to avoid base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). It is becoming clearer that multilateralism, despite its limitations and the resistance towards it, is critical in redefining the international tax policy of the future. Yet, arguments remain about the efficacy of multilateralism in international tax policymaking where countries have different growth agendas, sizes, and capacities. One area where this debate on tax multilateralism continues to feature; is with respect to RECs where there is the need to ensure the free flow of capital and trade, and to prevent harmful tax competition between member states which could adversely affect revenue mobilization and tax harmonization/ coordination. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature on tax multilateralism in RECs by interrogating the conceptual foundations for tax multilateralism and assessing its suitability for ensuring tax harmonization/ coordination, preventing harmful tax competition, and driving revenue mobilization in RECs.
Author: Guido Glania
Publisher: CEPS
ISBN: 9290796030
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
This new book highlights the multifaceted effects of regional trade agreements and outlines the strategic options for EU trade policy. It points out what is new about this most recent phase of regionalism and analyzes the effects on economic welfare and trade transaction costs. The authors draw upon elements of game theory to explore a self-reinforcing mechanism that is resulting in a potentially damaging race for markets. They focus in particular on the multiple impacts of regionalism on the WTO and the multilateral trading order. The book arrives at an opportune time, as the Doha Round is reaching a critical phase.
Author: Ms.Christine Lagarde
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513598600
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
This chapter presents the content of the Richard Dimbleby lecture, which has been delivered by an influential business or a political figure every year since 1972. Christine Lagarde, Managing Director of the IMF, delivered the 2014 lecture at Guildhall in London on February 3. The 44 nations gathering at Bretton Woods have been determined to set a new course based on the principle that peace and prosperity flow from the font of cooperation. Fundamentally, the new multilateralism needs to instil a broader sense of social responsibility on the part of all players in the modern global economy. A renewed commitment to openness and to the mutual benefits of trade and foreign investment is requested. It also requires collective responsibility for managing an international monetary system that has travelled light-years since the old Bretton Woods system. The collective responsibility would translate into all monetary institutions cooperating closely mindful of the potential impact of their policies on others.
Author: Miroslav N. Jovanović
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1849806004
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 617
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Book Description
'International Handbook on the Economics of Integration edited by Miroslav Jovanovi? provides timely and rich academic contributions to considerations of the widest array of integration-related issues. European integration has been providing an inspiration to a number of academics and researchers. the Handbook is a recognition of the dynamic and strong solidarity of European integration. At the same time, the European Union often provided an example for integration schemes throughout the world which spread enormously since the mid-1990s. Leading experts from all continents contributed to this Handbook which will be a valuable input into academic and policy-making discussions and actions.' - José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission
Author: Martin Klokar
Publisher: Linde Verlag GmbH
ISBN: 3709412986
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 357
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Book Description
An in-depth analysis of various aspects of multilateral cooperation in tax law Tax evasion and aggressive tax planning causing base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) has been a widely discussed topic among academics and tax policy makers over the past decades. Increasing globalization and digitalization have contributed to the intensification of this issue in recent years. At the same time, states continue to largely insist on their sovereignty in the area of tax law. However, due to their cross-border nature, issues related to BEPS are shared problems among the states and can typically not be solved by a single nation. Therefore, multilateral cooperation represents an option to build a bridge between the states’ demand for sovereignty and the problems caused by BEPS. In this regard, the OECD, the UN, and the EU play an important role in introducing international tax standards in an attempt to effectively address tax evasion and aggressive tax planning in many ways. The interaction and cooperation between different international, supranational (EU), and regional organizations is an ongoing process. In this context, the topic "Multilateral Cooperation in Tax Law" was selected as the general topic for the master’s theses of the part-time 2021-23 class of the postgraduate LL.M. programme in International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business). This volume aims to develop academic insights, provide practical guidance, and enable an in-depth analysis of various aspects of this topic. The book is divided into four parts. The first part deals with a general overview of the understanding of multilateral cooperation, the background that led to the need for multilateral cooperation and the different stakeholders that play a relevant role in it. While the chapters included in the second part focus on the most important developments on an international level (OECD and UN), the chapters encompassed in the third part analyse the multilateral cooperation initiatives of the EU. Finally, the chapters included in part four deal with selected issues related to multilateral cooperation in tax law, including mutual assistance and exchange of information, dispute resolution mechanisms, and measures in digitalized businesses.
Author: Kiyoshi Nakayama
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513577018
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
A well-designed regional tax treaty to which developing countries are signatories will include provisions securing minimum withholding taxes on investment income and technical service fees, a taxing right in respect of capital gains from indirect offshore transfers, and guarding against-treaty shopping. A tax treaty policy framework—national or regional—that specifies the main policy outcomes to be achieved before negotiations commence would enable developing countries with more limited expertise and lower capacity for tax treaty negotiations to avoid concluding problematic tax treaties. This note provides guidance for members of regional economic communities in the developing world on what should and should not be included in a regional tax treaty and how to design on a common tax treaty policy framework for use in negotiations of bilateral tax treaties with nonmembers.
Author: Tax Justice Network-Africa
Publisher: Fahamu/Pambazuka
ISBN: 0857490427
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 95
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Book Description
This short introduction to issues of tax justice explains the meaning and causes of tax injustice and offers options for a better future. Providing insight into the specific failures of Africa s tax systemand the associated problems of capital flight, tax evasion, tax avoidance, and tax competitionthis book explores the role of governments, parliaments, and taxpayers, and asks how stakeholders can help achieve tax justice. Arguing that tax revenues are essential for establishing independent states of free citizens, it demonstrates how the tax consensus promoted by multilateral agencies, such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, has influenced tax policy in Africa and led to a reduction in government revenues in many countries. "
Author: Mario Mansour
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484338774
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
We review the current state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union’s tax coordination framework, against the main objectives of the WAEMU Treaty of 1994: reduce distortions to intra-community trade, and mobilize domestic tax revenue. The process of tax coordination in WAEMU is one of the most advanced in the world—de jure at least—, but remains in many areas ineffective de facto. Nevertheless, the framework has, to some extent, succeeded in converging tax systems, particularly statutory tax rates, and may have contributed to improving revenue mobilisation. Important lessons can be drawn from the WAEMU experience, particularly in terms of whether coordination should take the form of harmonization through a top-down approach, or a softer approach of sharing best practice and limiting certain types of tax competition.
Author: United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa
Publisher: United Nations, Economic Commission for Africa
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
This publication examines progress towards regional integration in Africa; defined as one of the anchoring ideals of African unity and the basis for the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) development framework. The report analyses the current state of the integration process, highlighting where efforts have succeeded or failed. Findings include that progress has been mixed across sectors, regional economic communities and member states; with some notable progress in trade, communications, transport and macroeconomic policy. Overall however, substantial gaps remain between goals and achievements of most regional economic communities, particularly in terms of internal African trade, macroeconomic policy convergence, production and physical connectivity. A summary report is also available (ISBN 9211250927)
Author: Lawrence J. Gitman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 1455
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Book Description
Introduction to Business covers the scope and sequence of most introductory business courses. The book provides detailed explanations in the context of core themes such as customer satisfaction, ethics, entrepreneurship, global business, and managing change. Introduction to Business includes hundreds of current business examples from a range of industries and geographic locations, which feature a variety of individuals. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of business concepts, with attention to the knowledge and skills necessary for student success in this course and beyond. This is an adaptation of Introduction to Business by OpenStax. You can access the textbook as pdf for free at openstax.org. Minor editorial changes were made to ensure a better ebook reading experience. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
