Synthesis, Characterization, and Mode I Fracture Toughness of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites PDF Download
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Author: Dale Leigh Lidston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 215
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Book Description
In an effort to fully understand the contribution of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to strength and toughness enhancement in hierarchical nanoengineered composites, particularly steady state Mode I fracture toughness, RTM6 and EPON 862/W epoxy based vertically-aligned carbon nanotube (A-CNT) polymer nanocomposites (A-PNCs) are manufactured. These A-PNCs can be tested to isolate structure-property relationships between the polymer matrix and the A-CNTs without the presence of the micro-scale fibers. Additionally, A-CNT volume fraction can be varied via a densification process to realize 1-30% volume fraction (vf.%) A-PNCs. An investigation of the Mode I initiation fracture toughness via single edge notch beam (SENB) testing of A-PNCs with 1-5 vf.% uniaxially densified A-CNT forests finds that RTM6 baseline and A-PNC samples have a KIc,i of ~ 1 MPa-m1/2, with the exception of 1 vf.% having 1.33 ± 0.09 MPa-m1/2, which needs to be further explored due to process-structure questions of specimen quality. No statistically significant change is observed in EPON 862/W A-PNCs at 1-5 vf.% over baseline specimens having a KIc,i of 1.49 ± 0.06 MPa-m1/2 , indicating that A-CNTs do not offer any toughening at initiation in this system. Scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surface for both A-PNC systems reveals that
Author: Dale Leigh Lidston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 215
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Book Description
In an effort to fully understand the contribution of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to strength and toughness enhancement in hierarchical nanoengineered composites, particularly steady state Mode I fracture toughness, RTM6 and EPON 862/W epoxy based vertically-aligned carbon nanotube (A-CNT) polymer nanocomposites (A-PNCs) are manufactured. These A-PNCs can be tested to isolate structure-property relationships between the polymer matrix and the A-CNTs without the presence of the micro-scale fibers. Additionally, A-CNT volume fraction can be varied via a densification process to realize 1-30% volume fraction (vf.%) A-PNCs. An investigation of the Mode I initiation fracture toughness via single edge notch beam (SENB) testing of A-PNCs with 1-5 vf.% uniaxially densified A-CNT forests finds that RTM6 baseline and A-PNC samples have a KIc,i of ~ 1 MPa-m1/2, with the exception of 1 vf.% having 1.33 ± 0.09 MPa-m1/2, which needs to be further explored due to process-structure questions of specimen quality. No statistically significant change is observed in EPON 862/W A-PNCs at 1-5 vf.% over baseline specimens having a KIc,i of 1.49 ± 0.06 MPa-m1/2 , indicating that A-CNTs do not offer any toughening at initiation in this system. Scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surface for both A-PNC systems reveals that
Author: Moones Rahmandoust
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319002511
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
This volume presents the characterization methods involved with carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotube-based composites, with a more detailed look at computational mechanics approaches, namely the finite element method. Special emphasis is placed on studies that consider the extent to which imperfections in the structure of the nanomaterials affect their mechanical properties. These defects may include random distribution of fibers in the composite structure, as well as atom vacancies, perturbation and doping in the structure of individual carbon nanotubes.
Author: Dimitrios Tasis
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782625828
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
Chemically-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit a wide range of physical and chemical properties which makes them an attractive starting material for the preparation of super-strong and highly-conductive fibres and films. Much information is available across the primary literature, making it difficult to obtain an overall picture of the state-of-the-art. This volume brings together some of the leading researchers in the field from across the globe to present the potential these materials have, not only in developing and characterising novel materials but also the devices which can be fabricated from them. Topics featured in the book include Raman characterisation, industrial polymer materials, actuators and sensors and polymer reinforcement, with chapters prepared by highly-cited authors from across the globe. A valuable handbook for any academic or industrial laboratory, this book will appeal to newcomers to the field and established researchers alike.
Author: Brian P. Grady
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118084373
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 505
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Book Description
The accessible compendium of polymers in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)—extremely thin tubes only a few nanometers in diameter but able to attain lengths thousands of times greater—are prime candidates for use in the development of polymer composite materials. Bringing together thousands of disparate research works, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites: Manufacture, Properties, and Applications covers CNT-polymers from synthesis to potential applications, presenting the basic science and engineering of this dynamic and complex area in an accessible, readable way. Designed to be of use to polymer scientists, engineers, chemists, physicists, and materials scientists, the book covers carbon nanotube fundamentals to help polymer experts understand CNTs, and polymer physics to help those in the CNT field, making it an invaluable resource for anyone working with CNT-polymer composites. Detailed chapters describe the mechanical, rheological, electrical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Including a glossary that defines key terms, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites is essential reading for anyone looking to gain a fundamental understanding of CNTs and polymers, as well as potential and current applications, including electronics (shielding and transparent electrodes), flame retardants, and electromechanics (sensors and actuators), and their challenges.
Author: Jinsong Leng
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439816832
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 462
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Book Description
The novel properties of multifunctional polymer nanocomposites make them useful for a broad range of applications in fields as diverse as space exploration, bioengineering, car manufacturing, and organic solar cell development, just to name a few. Presenting an overview of polymer nanocomposites, how they compare with traditional composites, and th
Author: Amy Ruth Vanderhout
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Carbon nanotube (CNT) assemblies are seeing increasing use in engineering applications due to their advantaged, mass-specific physical properties. The high strength-to-weight ratio, electrical and thermal conductivity, and elastic properties make CNTs ideal for many aerospace, automotive, and electrical applications. In structural materials, CNTs are an outstanding candidate to provide nano-reinforcement, both in hybrid composites and nanocomposites, and they have been found to improve the hardness, yield strength, and conductivity of their matrix material. Additional enhancement of these matrices can be realized by using aligned CNTs (A-CNTs) of increased volume fraction, as explored in this work. In this thesis, ceramic matrix nanocomposites (CMNCs), specifically A-CNT/carbon matrix nanocomposites (A/C-NCs), are synthesized by first infusing a carbon precursor resin into A-CNT arrays with CNT volume fractions (v[subscript f]) ranging from 1-30 vol%, and then pyrolyzing the resin to create a carbon matrix around the A-CNTs. Previous work with A/C-NC hardness suggests that such a lightweight, superhard material may rival the density-normalized hardness of diamond at high v[subscript f]. Various processes were refined and tested in this work, yielding microscale void-free A/CNCs up to 30% v[subscript f], with an ~7% improvement in hardness over baseline pyrolytic carbon (PyC) for 1% v[subscript f] A/C-NCs and ∼10% improvement in hardness for 5% v[subscript f] A-CNTs. A reinfusion (i.e. an initial infusion/pyrolysis cycle with three additional reinfusion/pyrolysis cycles) procedure was developed and implemented, and testing is recommended as immediate future work. Although hardness determination of these reinfused samples is left for future work, the X-ray CT images of the final A/C-NCs after the fourth infusion show excellent infusion and few voids, suggesting that high hardness will be achieved. This thesis also explores and develops synthesis techniques for metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs), focusing on an aluminum matrix. As the surface energy of ACNTs is not conducive to wetting by Al (and many other metals), this surface energy must first be altered to allow Al matrix infusion for consistent composite fabrication. TiO2 is conformally decorated onto ~100 [mu]m-tall A-CNT arrays via atomic layer deposition (ALD). A reduction process for the TiO2 coating was developed, and a reduction to TiH2 was determined to be promising, as the TiH2 will not oxidize prior to Al infusion but can easily be reduced in a vacuum oven apparatus designed specifically to meet the needs of Al infusion. Towards MMNCs, both solder and aluminum matrices are infused into the TiO2-decorated A-CNTs. The solder experiments yielded mixed success, as the results suggest that both the reduction and the vacuum infusion steps are important factors determining successful wetting. Although Al infusion into an A-CNT array was unsuccessful without a dedicated Al infusion apparatus, molten Al was found to wet Ti well, which suggests that the Ti coating may allow for successful A-CNT wetting. Additional recommendations are provided to further refine the A/Al-NC fabrication process to improve Al infusion.
Author: Roham Rafiee
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323482228
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymers: From Nanoscale to Macroscale addresses the advances in nanotechnology that have led to the development of a new class of composite materials known as CNT-reinforced polymers. The low density and high aspect ratio, together with their exceptional mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, render carbon nanotubes as a good reinforcing agent for composites. In addition, these simulation and modeling techniques play a significant role in characterizing their properties and understanding their mechanical behavior, and are thus discussed and demonstrated in this comprehensive book that presents the state-of-the-art research in the field of modeling, characterization and processing. The book separates the theoretical studies on the mechanical properties of CNTs and their composites into atomistic modeling and continuum mechanics-based approaches, including both analytical and numerical ones, along with multi-scale modeling techniques. Different efforts have been done in this field to address the mechanical behavior of isolated CNTs and their composites by numerous researchers, signaling that this area of study is ongoing. Explains modeling approaches to carbon nanotubes, together with their application, strengths and limitations Outlines the properties of different carbon nanotube-based composites, exploring how they are used in the mechanical and structural components Analyzes the behavior of carbon nanotube-based composites in different conditions
Author: Frank Abdi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315341247
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
These days, advanced multiscale hybrid materials are being produced in the industry, studied by universities, and used in several applications. Unlike for macromaterials, it is difficult to obtain the physical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of nanomaterials because of the scale. Designers, however, must have knowledge of these properties to perform any finite element analysis or durability and damage tolerance analysis. This is the book that brings this knowledge within easy reach. What makes the book unique is the fact that its approach that combines multiscale multiphysics and statistical analysis with multiscale progressive failure analysis. The combination gives a very powerful tool for minimizing tests, improving accuracy, and understanding the effect of the statistical nature of materials, in addition to the mechanics of advanced multiscale materials, all the way to failure. The book focuses on obtaining valid mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials by accurate prediction and observed physical tests, as well as by evaluation of test anomalies of advanced multiscale nanocomposites containing nanoparticles of different shapes, such as chopped fiber, spherical, and platelet, in polymeric, ceramic, and metallic materials. The prediction capability covers delamination, fracture toughness, impact resistance, conductivity, and fire resistance of nanocomposites. The methodology employs a high-fidelity procedure backed with comparison of predictions with test data for various types of static, fatigue, dynamic, and crack growth problems. Using the proposed approach, a good correlation between the simulation and experimental data is established.
Author: Hieu Thi Xuan Truong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Multifunctional hybrid composites are proposed as novel solutions to meet the demands in various industrial applications ranging from aerospace to biomedicine. The combination of carbon fibers and/or fabric, metal foil and carbon nanotubes are utilized to develop such composites. This study focuses on processing of and fracture toughness characterization of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (PMC) and the CNT modified interface between PMC and a metal foil. The laminate fabrication process using H-VARTM, and the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness via double cantilever beam (DCB) tests at both room temperature and high temperature are conducted. The cross-sections and fracture surfaces of the panels are characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes to verify the existence of CNTs at the interface before and after fracture tests. The experimental results reveal that CNTs improve bonding at the hybrid interfaces. Computational models are developed to assist the interpretation of experimental results and further investigate damage modes. In this work, analytical solutions to compute the total strain energy release rate as well as mode I and mode II strain energy release rates of asymmetric configurations layups are utilized. Finite element models are developed in which the virtual crack closure technique is adopted to calculate strain energy release rates and investigate the degree and effect of mode-mixity. Results from analytical solutions agree well with each other and with results obtained from finite element models. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148408
Author: Sie Chin Tjong
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527627006
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Providing a broad insight into the potential applications of carbon nanotubes with metals and ceramic materials as a matrix, this book focuses on the preparation and the microstructural, physical, and mechanical characterizations of such novel nanocomposites. It features information on current synthesis and structure-property-relationships of metals and ceramics reinforced with CNT, organizing the vast array of surveys scattered throughout the literature in a single monograph. With its laboratory protocols and data tables this is invaluable reading for research workers and academics, as well as for applied scientists and industry personnel.
