Study of Polarization of Atmospheric Scattered Light Using Monte Carlo Methods PDF Download
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Author: Dave G. Collins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
The effects of polarization on light scattered within pure Rayleigh and combined Rayleigh and aerosol atmospheres were studied with a modified version of the LITE-II Monte Carlo program. Routines treating both Rayleigh and aerosol scattering in the Monte Carlo procedure were modified in order to be able to compute each of the four Stokes parameters for atmospheric scattered light. The methods used to transform the Stokes parameters through the angle phi between the reference plane and the scattering plane are those given by Chandrasekhar for elliptically polarized light. From the computed values of the Stokes parameters, the degree of polarization of the scattered light intensity is obtained for each of several solid-angle intervals at a given receiver position. LITE-II calculations of the Stokes parameters Q, U, and I and the degree of polarization for Rayleigh atmospheres are compared with values of the same parameters reported by Coulson, Dave, and Sekera. The results of LITE-II calculations for an atmosphere containing aerosol particles are also compared with similar data from calculations reported by Fraser. The results of these comparisons indicated the validity of the methods incorporated for treating polarization due to both Rayleigh and aerosol scattering. (Author).
Author: Dave G. Collins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
The effects of polarization on light scattered within pure Rayleigh and combined Rayleigh and aerosol atmospheres were studied with a modified version of the LITE-II Monte Carlo program. Routines treating both Rayleigh and aerosol scattering in the Monte Carlo procedure were modified in order to be able to compute each of the four Stokes parameters for atmospheric scattered light. The methods used to transform the Stokes parameters through the angle phi between the reference plane and the scattering plane are those given by Chandrasekhar for elliptically polarized light. From the computed values of the Stokes parameters, the degree of polarization of the scattered light intensity is obtained for each of several solid-angle intervals at a given receiver position. LITE-II calculations of the Stokes parameters Q, U, and I and the degree of polarization for Rayleigh atmospheres are compared with values of the same parameters reported by Coulson, Dave, and Sekera. The results of LITE-II calculations for an atmosphere containing aerosol particles are also compared with similar data from calculations reported by Fraser. The results of these comparisons indicated the validity of the methods incorporated for treating polarization due to both Rayleigh and aerosol scattering. (Author).
Author: G.I. Marchuk
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540352376
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
This monograph is devoted to urgent questions of the theory and applications of the Monte Carlo method for solving problems of atmospheric optics and hydrooptics. The importance of these problems has grown because of the increas ing need to interpret optical observations, and to estimate radiative balance precisely for weather forecasting. Inhomogeneity and sphericity of the atmos phere, absorption in atmospheric layers, multiple scattering and polarization of light, all create difficulties in solving these problems by traditional methods of computational mathematics. Particular difficulty arises when one must solve nonstationary problems of the theory of transfer of narrow beams that are connected with the estimation of spatial location and time characteristics of the radiation field. The most universal method for solving those problems is the Monte Carlo method, which is a numerical simulation of the radiative-transfer process. This process can be regarded as a Markov chain of photon collisions in a medium, which result in scattering or absorption. The Monte Carlo tech nique consists in computational simulation of that chain and in constructing statistical estimates of the desired functionals. The authors of this book have contributed to the development of mathemati cal methods of simulation and to the interpretation of optical observations. A series of general method using Monte Carlo techniques has been developed. The present book includes theories and algorithms of simulation. Numerical results corroborate the possibilities and give an impressive prospect of the applications of Monte Carlo methods.
Author: John Alonzo Guinn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Author: Plass, Gilbert N.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
The scattering of visible light by clouds is calculated from an efficient Monte Carlo code which follows the multiply scattered path of the photon. The single scattering phase function is obtained from the Mie theory by integration over a particle size distribution. The photons are followed through a sufficient number of collisions and reflections from the lower surface (which may have any desired albedo) until they make a negligible contribution to the intensity. Various variance reduction techniques were used to improve the statistics. The reflected and transmitted intensity is studied as a function of solar zenith angle, optical thickness, and surface albedo. The downward flux, cloud albedo, and mean optical path of the transmitted and reflected photons are given as a function of these same parameters. The numerous small angle scatterings of the photon in the direction of the incident beam are followed accurately and produce a greater penetration into the cloud than is obtained with a more isotropic and less realistic phase function. (Author).
Author: Alexander A. Kokhanovsky
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642103367
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 549
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Book Description
Light scattering by densely packed inhomogeneous media is a particularly ch- lenging optics problem. In most cases, only approximate methods are used for the calculations. However, in the case where only a small number of macroscopic sc- tering particles are in contact (clusters or aggregates) it is possible to obtain exact results solving Maxwell’s equations. Simulations are possible, however, only for a relativelysmallnumberofparticles,especiallyiftheirsizesarelargerthanthewa- length of incident light. The ?rst review chapter in PartI of this volume, prepared by Yasuhiko Okada, presents modern numerical techniques used for the simulation of optical characteristics of densely packed groups of spherical particles. In this case, Mie theory cannot provide accurate results because particles are located in the near ?eld of each other and strongly interact. As a matter of fact, Maxwell’s equations must be solved not for each particle separately but for the ensemble as a whole in this case. The author describes techniques for the generation of shapes of aggregates. The orientation averaging is performed by a numerical integration with respect to Euler angles. The numerical aspects of various techniques such as the T-matrix method, discrete dipole approximation, the ?nite di?erence time domain method, e?ective medium theory, and generalized multi-particle Mie so- tion are presented. Recent advances in numerical techniques such as the grouping and adding method and also numerical orientation averaging using a Monte Carlo method are discussed in great depth.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1264
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: W. G. Blättner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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Book Description
The report describes the work involved in making modifications to the FLASH and BRITE Monte Carlo procedures and using these programs to evaluate (1) the effects of neglecting polarization on the scattered light intensities in molecular and turbid atmospheres; (2) the error involved in using plane-parallel atmospheres to represent spherical atmospheres for large zenith angles of incidence; and (3) the effect of dust layers at different altitudes on the color ratios computed for twilight conditions. (Modified author abstract).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Author: Craig F. Bohren
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527608370
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Meeting the need for teaching material suitable for students of atmospheric science and courses on atmospheric radiation, this textbook covers the fundamentals of emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation from ultraviolet to infrared and beyond. Much of the contents applies to planetary atmosphere, with graded discussions providing a thorough treatment of subjects, including single scattering by particles at different levels of complexity. The discussion of the simple multiple scattering theory introduces concepts in more advanced theories, such that the more complicated two-stream theory allows readers to progress beyond the pile-of-plates theory. The authors are physicists teaching at the largest meteorology department in the US at Penn State. The problems given in the text come from students, colleagues, and correspondents, and the figures designed especially for this book facilitate comprehension. Ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of atmospheric science. * Free solutions manual available for lecturers at www.wiley-vch.de/supplements/
