Study of Area Selective Deposition by Competitive Adsorption

Study of Area Selective Deposition by Competitive Adsorption PDF Author: Pengyuan Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 67

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Book Description
Moore's Law has been the guiding principle for semiconductor industry to scale down the device size. Consumers have been directly benefited from the ever developed technologies that lead to a faster, smaller, and more reliable performance. In order to preserve the advantages inherited from "scaling-down", researchers have invested into "bottom-up" approach which extends the "leeway" before Moore's postulation reaches saturation. Area-selective deposition (ASD) is an advanced technique to realize bottom-up fabrication as the device feature size shrinks to sub-5 nm scale. On the other hands, conventional top-down process, such as patterning of the substrate followed by selective etching process, tends to result misalignment errors. We have developed a proof-of-concept approach to address the challenge. The approach involves chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in which substrates are exposed to a precursor and a co-reactant. A third reactant termed "co-adsorbate" was utilized to direct growth only occurs on one surface in the presence of another. In this work, 4-octyne was used as co-adsorbate in the CVD of ZrO\textsubscript{2} thin films on SiO\textsubscript{2} and Cu substrates. Expected from quantum chemistry calculation, 4-octyne favors binding on Cu substrate through rehybridization, whereas it only interacts with SiO\textsubscript{2} by van der Waals force. The difference in binding energies affords selective growth.

Study of Area Selective Deposition by Competitive Adsorption

Study of Area Selective Deposition by Competitive Adsorption PDF Author: Pengyuan Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 67

Get Book Here

Book Description
Moore's Law has been the guiding principle for semiconductor industry to scale down the device size. Consumers have been directly benefited from the ever developed technologies that lead to a faster, smaller, and more reliable performance. In order to preserve the advantages inherited from "scaling-down", researchers have invested into "bottom-up" approach which extends the "leeway" before Moore's postulation reaches saturation. Area-selective deposition (ASD) is an advanced technique to realize bottom-up fabrication as the device feature size shrinks to sub-5 nm scale. On the other hands, conventional top-down process, such as patterning of the substrate followed by selective etching process, tends to result misalignment errors. We have developed a proof-of-concept approach to address the challenge. The approach involves chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in which substrates are exposed to a precursor and a co-reactant. A third reactant termed "co-adsorbate" was utilized to direct growth only occurs on one surface in the presence of another. In this work, 4-octyne was used as co-adsorbate in the CVD of ZrO\textsubscript{2} thin films on SiO\textsubscript{2} and Cu substrates. Expected from quantum chemistry calculation, 4-octyne favors binding on Cu substrate through rehybridization, whereas it only interacts with SiO\textsubscript{2} by van der Waals force. The difference in binding energies affords selective growth.

Investigating Area Selective Chemical Vapor Deposition Achieved by Competitive Adsorption

Investigating Area Selective Chemical Vapor Deposition Achieved by Competitive Adsorption PDF Author: Vidyesh Parampalli Madhyastha
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
As device feature sizes shrink to single digit nanometer scale, researchers and industries are moving away from the conventional top-down approach and relying on a bottom-up approach for device fabrication. Contemporary top-down techniques involving photolithography and etching result in misalignment errors at sub-5 nm scales. Area selective deposition is a recent advanced bottom-up fabrication technique with the potential to sustain the trend as described by Moore's law. The approach involves a modified version of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of a high dielectric constant metal oxide, Zirconia (ZrO2). High dielectric constant oxides such as Zirconia or Hafnia can replace conventional gate oxides such as silica in future generation CMOS devices. Three types of substrates namely SiO2, Cu, and Co are studied in this thesis. A procedure was identified to obtain an oxide-free surface of cobalt. Substrates are exposed to a precursor and a co-reactant, and thin film deposition was investigated using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). A third gas phase molecule referred to as "co-adsorbate" was exploited to deposit ZrO2 thin films only on one type of surface in the presence of another. XPS was used to calculate the thickness of these thin films and to investigate their composition. Partial pressure of the co-adsorbate - 4-octyne, in the presence of N2, was measured under different flow conditions. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations suggest that 4-octyne binds to substrates as: Highest on Co and lowest on SiO2. Regarding Cu and SiO2, 4-octyne undergoes carbon bond rehybridization with Cu, whereas it only interacts with SiO2 by van der Waals forces. The difference in binding energies paves way to selective deposition between Cu and SiO2 at optimized substrate temperatures and vapor pressures of co-adsorbate. Preliminary AS-CVD studies were also performed between Co and Cu.

Atomic Layer Deposition of Nanostructured Materials

Atomic Layer Deposition of Nanostructured Materials PDF Author: Nicola Pinna
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527639926
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 463

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Book Description
Atomic layer deposition, formerly called atomic layer epitaxy, was developed in the 1970s to meet the needs of producing high-quality, large-area fl at displays with perfect structure and process controllability. Nowadays, creating nanomaterials and producing nanostructures with structural perfection is an important goal for many applications in nanotechnology. As ALD is one of the important techniques which offers good control over the surface structures created, it is more and more in the focus of scientists. The book is structured in such a way to fi t both the need of the expert reader (due to the systematic presentation of the results at the forefront of the technique and their applications) and the ones of students and newcomers to the fi eld (through the first part detailing the basic aspects of the technique). This book is a must-have for all Materials Scientists, Surface Chemists, Physicists, and Scientists in the Semiconductor Industry.

Atomic Layer Deposition Applications 6

Atomic Layer Deposition Applications 6 PDF Author: J. W. Elam
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
ISBN: 1566778212
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469

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Book Description
The continuously expanding realm of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Applications is the focus of this reoccurring symposium. ALD can enable the precise deposition of ultra-thin, highly conformal coatings over complex 3D topographies with controlled thickness and composition. This issue of ECS Transactions contains peer reviewed papers presented at the symposium. A broad spectrum of ALD applications is featured, including novel nano-composites and nanostructures, dielectrics for state-of-the-art transistors and capacitors, optoelectronics, and a variety of other emerging applications.

Atomic Layer Deposition for Semiconductors

Atomic Layer Deposition for Semiconductors PDF Author: Cheol Seong Hwang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146148054X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Book Description
Offering thorough coverage of atomic layer deposition (ALD), this book moves from basic chemistry of ALD and modeling of processes to examine ALD in memory, logic devices and machines. Reviews history, operating principles and ALD processes for each device.

The Chemistry of Metal CVD

The Chemistry of Metal CVD PDF Author: Toivo T. Kodas
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527615849
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 562

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Book Description
High purity, thin metal coatings have a variety of important commercial applications, for example, in the microelectronics industry, as catalysts, as protective and decorative coatings as well as in gas-diffusion barriers. This book offers detailed, up- to-date coverage of the chemistry behind the vapor deposition of different metals from organometallic precursors. In nine chapters, the CVD of metals including aluminum, tungsten, gold, silver, platinum, palladium, nickel, as well as copper from copper(I) and copper(II) compounds is covered. The synthesis and properties of the precursors, the growth process, morphology, quality and adhesion of the resulting films as well as laser- assisted, ion- assisted and plasma-assisted methods are discussed. Present applications and prospects for future developments are summarized. With ca. 1000 references and a glossary, this book is a unique source of in-depth information. It is indispensable for chemists, physicists, engineers and materials scientists working with metal- coating processes and technologies. From Reviews: 'I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in learning more about the chemistry of metal CVD.' J. Am Chem. Soc.

Recent Advances in Adsorption Processes for Environmental Protection and Security

Recent Advances in Adsorption Processes for Environmental Protection and Security PDF Author: José Paulo Mota
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402068034
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 201

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Book Description
The purpose of the Workshop was to share knowledge on the latest advances on adsorption processes for environmental security and protection, as well as to disseminate the main results and achievements of recent NATO Science-for-Peace projects on environmental security and protection. This volume provides a comprehensive report on adsorption and colloids phenomena, carbon materials and adsorbents for various industrial applications, ecological safety and antiterrorism.

Catalytic and Process Study of the Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene and 1,3-Butadiene

Catalytic and Process Study of the Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene and 1,3-Butadiene PDF Author: Ruijun Hou
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 981100773X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 151

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Book Description
This thesis offers novel methods for catalyst and process design for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene and 1,3-butadiene. The author predicts the properties of supported Pd–Ni bimetallic catalysts using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). The excellent correlation between model surfaces and supported catalysts demonstrates the feasibility of designing effective bimetallic catalysts for selective hydrogenation reactions. The author also proposes a method for designing non-precious metal catalysts to replace precious metals. She modifies the process of selective hydrogenation of acetylene by coupling the selective adsorption to the selective hydrogenation in the liquid phase, as a result of which the ethylene selectivity is greatly improved and heat transfer is greatly enhanced. Lastly, by analyzing the mechanism of liquid-phase hydrogenation, the author proposes a multi-stage slurry bed reactor for industrial applications.“/p>

Chemical Solution Deposition of Functional Oxide Thin Films

Chemical Solution Deposition of Functional Oxide Thin Films PDF Author: Theodor Schneller
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3211993118
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 801

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Book Description
This is the first text to cover all aspects of solution processed functional oxide thin-films. Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) comprises all solution based thin- film deposition techniques, which involve chemical reactions of precursors during the formation of the oxide films, i. e. sol-gel type routes, metallo-organic decomposition routes, hybrid routes, etc. While the development of sol-gel type processes for optical coatings on glass by silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide dates from the mid-20th century, the first CSD derived electronic oxide thin films, such as lead zirconate titanate, were prepared in the 1980’s. Since then CSD has emerged as a highly flexible and cost-effective technique for the fabrication of a very wide variety of functional oxide thin films. Application areas include, for example, integrated dielectric capacitors, ferroelectric random access memories, pyroelectric infrared detectors, piezoelectric micro-electromechanical systems, antireflective coatings, optical filters, conducting-, transparent conducting-, and superconducting layers, luminescent coatings, gas sensors, thin film solid-oxide fuel cells, and photoelectrocatalytic solar cells. In the appendix detailed “cooking recipes” for selected material systems are offered.

Livestock's Long Shadow

Livestock's Long Shadow PDF Author: Henning Steinfeld
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251055717
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 418

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Book Description
"The assessment builds on the work of the Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative"--Pref.