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Author: R. Narcisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionosphere
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Two multi-instrumented Terrier Malemute rockets including ion mass spectrometers were launched from Kwajalein on the nights of 17 and 23 July 1979 during equatorial Spread F events. Detailed ionospheric structure and composition measurements were made between about 100 and 590 km. The first flight penetrated six areas of 'bite-outs' spread over the range 265 to 560 km on upleg as well as several more depletions on downleg. The strongest irregularities, up to 90 percent depletion, occurred at the altitudes of 265 to 285 km just above the F region ledge at 250 km. There was no evidence of enhanced bottomside tracer ions (NO(+), O2(+) or meteoric ions) in any of the holes, which were composed mostly of O(+) and smaller amounts of N(+). From the composition signatures, the source of the bubbles appeared to be near the F region ledge. Within the higher altitude holes, the N(+)/O(+) ratios were smaller than the adjacent ionosphere ratios, indicating not only that the source regions were near the ledge, but also that the bubbles had initiated earlier when the ledge was at higher altitudes. While O(+) and N(+) exhibited strong fluctuations, NO(+) and O2(+) had fairly smooth profiles with scale heights similar to N2 and O2 respectively, demonstrating steady-state conditions and a stable neutral atmosphere with an exospheric temperature of about 1100K. This suggests that neutral atmospheric turbulence is not a major source of the ionospheric irregularities. Time periods for ion-chemical processes to achieve the observed composition are discussed in terms of bubble formation times and rise velocities.
Author: R. Narcisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionosphere
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Two multi-instrumented Terrier Malemute rockets including ion mass spectrometers were launched from Kwajalein on the nights of 17 and 23 July 1979 during equatorial Spread F events. Detailed ionospheric structure and composition measurements were made between about 100 and 590 km. The first flight penetrated six areas of 'bite-outs' spread over the range 265 to 560 km on upleg as well as several more depletions on downleg. The strongest irregularities, up to 90 percent depletion, occurred at the altitudes of 265 to 285 km just above the F region ledge at 250 km. There was no evidence of enhanced bottomside tracer ions (NO(+), O2(+) or meteoric ions) in any of the holes, which were composed mostly of O(+) and smaller amounts of N(+). From the composition signatures, the source of the bubbles appeared to be near the F region ledge. Within the higher altitude holes, the N(+)/O(+) ratios were smaller than the adjacent ionosphere ratios, indicating not only that the source regions were near the ledge, but also that the bubbles had initiated earlier when the ledge was at higher altitudes. While O(+) and N(+) exhibited strong fluctuations, NO(+) and O2(+) had fairly smooth profiles with scale heights similar to N2 and O2 respectively, demonstrating steady-state conditions and a stable neutral atmosphere with an exospheric temperature of about 1100K. This suggests that neutral atmospheric turbulence is not a major source of the ionospheric irregularities. Time periods for ion-chemical processes to achieve the observed composition are discussed in terms of bubble formation times and rise velocities.
Author: R. Narcisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionosphere
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Two multi-instrumented Terrier Malemute rockets including ion mass spectrometers were launched from Kwajalein on the nights of 17 and 23 July 1979 during equatorial Spread F events. Detailed ionospheric structure and composition measurements were made between about 100 and 590 km. The first flight penetrated six areas of 'bite-outs' spread over the range 265 to 560 km on upleg as well as several more depletions on downleg. The strongest irregularities, up to 90 percent depletion, occurred at the altitudes of 265 to 285 km just above the F region ledge at 250 km. There was no evidence of enhanced bottomside tracer ions (NO(+), O2(+) or meteoric ions) in any of the holes, which were composed mostly of O(+) and smaller amounts of N(+). From the composition signatures, the source of the bubbles appeared to be near the F region ledge. Within the higher altitude holes, the N(+)/O(+) ratios were smaller than the adjacent ionosphere ratios, indicating not only that the source regions were near the ledge, but also that the bubbles had initiated earlier when the ledge was at higher altitudes. While O(+) and N(+) exhibited strong fluctuations, NO(+) and O2(+) had fairly smooth profiles with scale heights similar to N2 and O2 respectively, demonstrating steady-state conditions and a stable neutral atmosphere with an exospheric temperature of about 1100K. This suggests that neutral atmospheric turbulence is not a major source of the ionospheric irregularities. Time periods for ion-chemical processes to achieve the observed composition are discussed in terms of bubble formation times and rise velocities.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 702
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Book Description
Author: Michael Kelly
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323148050
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics emphasizes the study of plasma physics and electrodynamics of the ionosphere, including many aeronomical influences. The ionosphere is somewhat of a battleground between the earth's neutral atmosphere and the sun's fully ionized atmosphere, in which the earth is embedded. One of the challenges of ionosphere research is to know enough about these two vast fields of research to make sense out of ionospheric phenomena. This book provides insights into how these competing sources of mass, momentum, and energy compete for control of the ionosphere. Some of the topics discussed include the fundamentals of ionospheric plasma dynamics; equatorial plasma instabilities; high-latitude electrodynamics; and instabilities and structure in the high-latitude ionosphere. Throughout this text only the region above 90 km are discussed, ignoring the D region entirely. This publication is a good source of information for students and individuals conducting research on earth’s ionosphere.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Author: K. C. Yeh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
Author: I.H. Cairns
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400710690
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 535
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Book Description
Advances in Space Environment Research - Volume I contains the proceedings of two international workshops, the World Space Environment Forum (WSEF2002) and the High Performance Computing in Space Environment Research (HPC2002), organized by the World Institute for Space Environment Research (WISER) from 22 July to 2 August 2002 in Adelaide, Australia. The articles in this volume review the state-of-the-art of the theoretical, computational and observational studies of the physical processes of Sun-Earth connections and Space Environment. They cover six topical areas: Sun/Heliosphere, Magnetosphere/Bow Shock, Ionosphere/Atmosphere, Space Weather/Space Climate, Space Plasma Physics/Astrophysics, and Complex/Intelligent Systems.
Author: Mangalathayil Ali Abdu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400703260
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
This book is a multi-author treatise on the most outstanding research problems in the field of the aeronomy of the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere, encompassing the science covered by Division II of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA). It contains several review articles and detailed papers by leading scientists in the field. The book is organized in five parts: 1) Mesosphere-Lower Thermosphere Dynamics and Chemistry; 2) Vertical Coupling by Upward Propagating Waves; 3) Ionospheric Electrodynamics and Structuring; 4) Thermosphere- Ionosphere Coupling, Dynamics and Trends and 5) Ionosphere-Thermosphere Disturbances and Modeling. The book consolidates the progress achieved in the field in recent years and it serves as a useful reference for graduate students as well as experienced researchers.
Author: Nathan Blaunstein
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420055178
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 600
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Book Description
A Complete Reference for the 21st Century Until recently, much of the communications technology in the former Eastern bloc countries was largely unknown. Due to the historically competitive nature of East/West relations, scientific groups operated independently, without the benefit of open communication on theoretical framework
Author: Chao Huang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119507553
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 47
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Book Description
A comprehensive review of global ionospheric research from the polar caps to equatorial regions It's more than a century since scientists first identified the ionosphere, the layer of the Earth’s upper atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation. Our understanding of this dynamic part of the near-Earth space environment has greatly advanced in recent years thanks to new observational technologies, improved numerical models, and powerful computing capabilities. Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of historic developments, recent advances, and future directions in ionospheric research. Volume highlights include: Behavior of the ionosphere in different regions from the poles to the equator Distinct characteristics of the high-, mid-, and low-latitude ionosphere Observational results from ground- and space-based instruments Ionospheric impacts on radio signals and satellite operations How earthquakes and tsunamis on Earth cause disturbances in the ionosphere The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief
