Structural Properties of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon (a-Si:H) Thin Film Grown Via Radio Frequency Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (RF PECVD) PDF Download
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Author: Hasbullah Anthony Hasbi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amorphous semiconductors
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Hasbullah Anthony Hasbi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Amorphous semiconductors
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Deren Yang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783662564714
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The utilization of sun light is one of the hottest topics in sustainable energy research. To efficiently convert sun power into a reliable energy – electricity – for consumption and storage, silicon and its derivatives have been widely studied and applied in solar cell systems. This handbook covers the photovoltaics of silicon materials and devices, providing a comprehensive summary of the state of the art of photovoltaic silicon sciences and technologies. This work is divided into various areas including but not limited to fundamental principles, design methodologies, wafering techniques/fabrications, characterizations, applications, current research trends and challenges. It offers the most updated and self-explanatory reference to all levels of students and acts as a quick reference to the experts from the fields of chemistry, material science, physics, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, solar energy, etc..
Author: Pio Capezzuto
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080539106
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
Semiconductors made from amorphous silicon have recently become important for their commercial applications in optical and electronic devices including FAX machines, solar cells, and liquid crystal displays. Plasma Deposition of Amorphous Silicon-Based Materials is a timely, comprehensive reference book written by leading authorities in the field. This volume links the fundamental growth kinetics involving complex plasma chemistry with the resulting semiconductor film properties and the subsequent effect on the performance of the electronic devices produced. - Focuses on the plasma chemistry of amorphous silicon-based materials - Links fundamental growth kinetics with the resulting semiconductor film properties and performance of electronic devices produced - Features an international group of contributors - Provides the first comprehensive coverage of the subject, from deposition technology to materials characterization to applications and implementation in state-of-the-art devices
Author: Thomas Zimmermann
Publisher: Forschungszentrum Jülich
ISBN: 3893368922
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Book Description
Author: Matthew Alan Ring
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Hot Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (HWCVD) is an emerging technology in semiconductor materials thin film deposition due to the high growth rates and reasonable electronic properties attainable using this method. To improve the electronic characteristics of material grown by the HWCVD method, neutral ion bombardment during growth was introduced as it is shown to be beneficial in Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD). Neutral ion bombardment was accomplished by using remote Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) plasma and the entire deposition technique is termed ECR-HWCVD. The ECR-HWCVD films were compared to HWCVD materials deposited without ion bombardment grown at similar conditions in the same reactor using a 10.5 cm filament to substrate distance to minimize substrate heating by radiation during deposition. The growth rate is halved when ion bombardment is added to HWCVD, however it remains four times greater than the highest quality ECR-PECVD films. Also, ECR-HWCVD material exhibited better electronic properties as shown by Urbach energy, photosensitivity, hydrogen content, microstructure parameters, and space charge limited current defect measurements. In addition, the effect of substrate temperature on hydrogen content and material microstructure was investigated. Both hydrogen content and the microstructure parameter R decreased as substrate temperature increased; and when ion bombardment was added to the deposition conditions, the microstructure parameter decreased regardless of substrate temperature.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 1076
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon germanium films (a-SiGe:H) and devices have been extensively studied because of the tunable band gap for matching the solar spectrum and mature the fabrication techniques. a-SiGe:H thin film solar cells have great potential for commercial manufacture because of very low cost and adaptability to large-scale manufacturing. Although it has been demonstrated that a-SiGe:H thin films and devices with good quality can be produced successfully, some issues regarding growth chemistry have remained yet unexplored, such as the hydrogen and inert-gas dilution, bombardment effect, and chemical annealing, to name a few. The alloying of the SiGe introduces above an order-of-magnitude higher defect density, which degrades the performance of the a-SiGe:H thin film solar cells. This degradation becomes worse when high growth-rate deposition is required. Preferential attachment of hydrogen to silicon, clustering of Ge and Si, and columnar structure and buried dihydride radicals make the film intolerably bad. The work presented here uses the Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (ECR-PECVD) technique to fabricate a-SiGe:H films and devices with high growth rates. Helium gas, together with a small amount of H2, was used as the plasma species. Thickness, optical band gap, conductivity, Urbach energy, mobility-lifetime product, I-V curve, and quantum efficiency were characterized during the process of pursuing good materials. The microstructure of the a-(Si, Ge):H material was probed by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy. They found that the advantages of using helium as the main plasma species are: (1) high growth rate--the energetic helium ions break the reactive gas more efficiently than hydrogen ions; (2) homogeneous growth--heavy helium ions impinging on the surface promote the surface mobility of the reactive radicals, so that heteroepitaxy growth as clustering of Ge and Si, columnar structure are reduced; (3) surface hydrogen removal--heavier and more energetic helium ions break the Si-H much easier than hydrogen ions. The preferential attachment of Si-H to Ge-H is reduced. They also found that with the small amount of hydrogen put into the plasma, the superior properties of a-(Si, Ge):H made from pure hydrogen dilution plasma were still maintained. These hydrogen ions help to remove the subsurface weakly bonded hydrogen and buried hydrogen. They also help to passivate the Ge-dangling bond.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electrical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2240
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
The authors have characterized with fluctuation electron microscopy the medium-range order of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films deposited by a variety of methods. Films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering, hot-wire chemical vapor deposition, and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition with and without H2 dilution of the SiH4 precursor gas. All of the films show the signature of the paracrystalline structure typical of amorphous Si. There are small variations in the degree of medium-range order with deposition methods and H2 content. The PECVD film grown with high H2 dilution contains Si crystals (approximately) 5 nm in diameter at a density of (approximately) 109 cm2. The amorphous matrix surrounding these crystals shows no difference in medium-range order from the standard PECVD film.
Author: W.R. Fahrner
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN: 3038131024
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
The world of today must face up to two contradictory energy problems: on the one hand, there is the sharply growing consumer demand in countries such as China and India. On the other hand, natural resources are dwindling. Moreover, many of those countries which still possess substantial gas and oil supplies are politically unstable. As a result, renewable natural energy sources have received great attention. Among these, solar-cell technology is one of the most promising candidates. However, there still remains the problem of the manufacturing costs of such cells. Many attempts have been made to reduce the production costs of conventional solar cells (manufactured from monocrystalline silicon using diffusion methods) by instead using cheaper grades of silicon, and simpler pn-junction fabrication. That is the hero of this book; the heterojunction solar cell.
