Structural Determinants of the Natural Rate of Unemployment in Canada PDF Download
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Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451979983
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
This paper presents empirical estimates of the policy and structural determinants of the natural rate of unemployment in Canada. The paper begins with a discussion of structural features of the economy which impinge on the adjustment of real wages to their equilibrium level. Estimates are presented showing how the generosity of the unemployment insurance system is related to past levels of unemployment. The empirical results indicate that government policies have been largely responsible for changes in the natural rate, and hence can contribute to a reduction in the natural rate in the medium term.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451979983
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
This paper presents empirical estimates of the policy and structural determinants of the natural rate of unemployment in Canada. The paper begins with a discussion of structural features of the economy which impinge on the adjustment of real wages to their equilibrium level. Estimates are presented showing how the generosity of the unemployment insurance system is related to past levels of unemployment. The empirical results indicate that government policies have been largely responsible for changes in the natural rate, and hence can contribute to a reduction in the natural rate in the medium term.
Author: David T. Coe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Unemployment
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451950691
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
This paper examines the endogeneity of several structural variables which enter unemployment rate equations—the generosity of unemployment benefits, nonwage labor costs, the relative minimum wage, and the degree of unionization. It finds evidence of reverse causality for these structural variables based on causality tests. The structural unemployment rate equation is then estimated using instruments suggested by the empirical analysis of the structural variables. The paper confirms the earlier finding that the generosity of unemployment benefits, nonwage labor costs, and the relative minimum wage have a significant positive impact on the unemployment rate, but fails to find an effect for the degree of unionization.
Author: Andrew Burns
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employment forecasting
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Author: Andrew Burns
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employment forecasting
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Author: Denise N. Côté
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper attempts to identify the trend unemployment rate, an empirical concept, using cointegration theory. The authors examine whether there is a cointegrating relationship between the observed unemployment rate and various structural factors, focusing neither on the non-accelerating-inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) nor on the natural rate of unemployment, but rather on the trend unemployment rate, which they define in terms of cointegration. They show that, given the non-stationary nature of the data, cointegration represents a necessary condition for analyzing the NAIRU and the natural rate but not a sufficient condition for defining them. The main finding of the study is that two structural factors--the degree of unionization of the labor force and payroll taxes--can best account for the stochastic trend in the Canadian unemployment rate from 1955 to 1994. Accordingly, deviations of the observed unemployment rate from the trend unemployment rate during that period are treated as containing information relevant for measuring the output gap within the multivariate filter.
Author: Stephen S. Poloz
Publisher: Policy and Economic Analysis Program, Institute for Policy Analysis, University of Toronto
ISBN:
Category : Labor market
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 145195686X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
This paper examines factors affecting saving, policy tools, and tax reform. The literature on factors affecting saving and capital formation in industrialized countries is reviewed, and measurement problems are examined. The effect on the saving rate of real rates of return, income redistribution, allocation of saving between corporations and individuals, growth of public and private pension plans, tax incentives, the bequest motive, energy prices, and inflation is considered. The limited tools available to policymakers to affect savings are discussed.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451952171
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 65
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Book Description
The methodology used in this paper has three distinguishing features: the natural rate of unemployment and potential output are jointly estimated; estimation integrates wage and price data with “real” and structural data; and third, the methodology encompasses many of the methods found in the literature. The results indicate that potential output growth has recovered somewhat during the early 1980s, but remains below the rapid rates of increase in the late 1960s. The natural rate, after rising during the late 1960s and the 1970s, is found to have declined in the 1980s. The paper concludes with an assessment of medium-term prospects for potential output and-the natural rate.
