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Author: Paula E. Stephan
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
How much truth is there to the popular belief that science is a young person's game? Is America's older scientific community retarding economic growth? Using a unique data base and an interdisciplinary approach, the authors address these and other questions. They find evidence that exceptional contributions to science are more likely to be made by those under 40. Age matters, but not nearly as much for "average" scientists. Success in science also depends on RPRT--being in the "right place at the right time". Not all generations of scientists have equal access to the type of jobs that foster productivity, nor do they have the good fortune to be educated when path-breaking events are occurring in their field. Changing economic conditions in science have conspired to make those who entered science during the last 25 years less productive than their predecessors. In addition, extreme competition for jobs and grants can make scientists behave in a dysfunctional manner. The authors conclude that the absence of a national science policy can cause serious problems for the United States, and they outline a policy to boost productivity in American science. Clearly written, with many pointed examples, this work will appeal to anyone interested in science or science policy.
Author: Paula E. Stephan
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Get Book Here
Book Description
How much truth is there to the popular belief that science is a young person's game? Is America's older scientific community retarding economic growth? Using a unique data base and an interdisciplinary approach, the authors address these and other questions. They find evidence that exceptional contributions to science are more likely to be made by those under 40. Age matters, but not nearly as much for "average" scientists. Success in science also depends on RPRT--being in the "right place at the right time". Not all generations of scientists have equal access to the type of jobs that foster productivity, nor do they have the good fortune to be educated when path-breaking events are occurring in their field. Changing economic conditions in science have conspired to make those who entered science during the last 25 years less productive than their predecessors. In addition, extreme competition for jobs and grants can make scientists behave in a dysfunctional manner. The authors conclude that the absence of a national science policy can cause serious problems for the United States, and they outline a policy to boost productivity in American science. Clearly written, with many pointed examples, this work will appeal to anyone interested in science or science policy.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309180449
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
A Strategy for Assessing Science offers strategic advice on the perennial issue of assessing rates of progress in different scientific fields. It considers available knowledge about how science makes progress and examines a range of decision-making strategies for addressing key science policy concerns. These include avoiding undue conservatism that may arise from the influence of established disciplines; achieving rational, high-quality, accountable, and transparent decision processes; and establishing an appropriate balance of influence between scientific communities and agency science managers. A Strategy for Assessing Science identifies principles for setting priorities and specific recommendations for the context of behavioral and social research on aging.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309096138
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Policy Implications of International Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars in the United States explores the role and impact of students and scholars on US educational institutions and the US economy. The nation has drawn increasingly on human resources abroad for its science and engineering workforce. However, competition for talent has grown as other countries have expanded their research infrastructure and created more opportunities for international students. The report discusses trends in international student enrollments, stay rates, and examines the impact of visa policies on international mobility of the highly skilled.
Author: Marc Scheufen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331912739X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
This book addresses the recent debate about copyright law and its impact on the distribution of scientific knowledge from an economic perspective. The focus is on the question whether a copyright regime or an open access regime is better suited to the norms and organizational structure in a purely global science community. The book undertakes a thorough economic analysis of the academic journal market and showcases consequences of a regime change. It also takes account of the Digital Divide debate, reflecting issues in developing countries. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of legal action in the light of international Intellectual Property (IP) agreements offers prospects on the future of academic publishing.
Author: National Academy of Engineering
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309437717
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
The vitality of the innovation economy in the United States depends on the availability of a highly educated technical workforce. A key component of this workforce consists of engineers, engineering technicians, and engineering technologists. However, unlike the much better-known field of engineering, engineering technology (ET) is unfamiliar to most Americans and goes unmentioned in most policy discussions about the US technical workforce. Engineering Technology Education in the United States seeks to shed light on the status, role, and needs of ET education in the United States.
Author: Luis Suarez-Villa
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 9780742502055
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
In the context of the historic evolution of capitalism, Suarez-Villa (social ecology, U. of California-Irvine) explores the advent of a form of market capitalism rooted in invention and the development of new technologies. He examines the infrastructure that supports invention and the relationship of techno-capitalism with science, corporate business, and government. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Donna K. Ginther
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461503256
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
Technology, Growth, and the Labor Market brings together research by economists from academia and the Federal Reserve System. The first section of the volume includes discussions by monetary policymakers with firsthand experience in determining how technology affects productivity, inequality, and macroeconomic growth. Papers in the second section discuss the sources of the surge in labor productivity growth during the latter half of the 1990s and present forecasts of labor productivity growth rates during the next few years. In the third section, the papers focus on the role of technological advances in changes in earnings inequality in the labor market. The authors examine whether inequality should be viewed as a causal result of skill-biased technological change or whether there is a missing link - or perhaps no link - between changes in technology and changes in wage inequality. The final section explores the relationships between computer investment, worker skills, human resource practices, and productivity at the industry and firm levels.
Author: M. Perelman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137079290
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
This book describes how corporate powers have erected a rapacious system of intellectual property rights to confiscate the benefits of creativity in science and culture. This legal system threatens to derail both economic and scientific progress, while disrupting society and threatening personal freedom. Perelman argues that the natural outcome of this system is a world of excessive litigation, intrusive violations of privacy, the destruction system of higher education, interference with scientific research, and a lopsided distribution of income.
Author: Henry H. Bauer
Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.
ISBN: 1616406097
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9087904800
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
This book primarily addresses the variety and gaps in higher education across the globe, concentrating on the challenges to transitional and developing countries. It addresses the related issues of research capacity, research productivity, and research relevance and utility.
