Stable Bootstrap-current Driven Equilibria for Low Aspect Ratio Tokamaks PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Book Description
Low aspect ratio tokamaks can potentially provide a high ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic pressure[beta] and high plasma current I at a modest size, ultimately leading to a high power density compact fusion power plant. For the concept to be economically feasible, bootstrap current must be a major component of the plasma current. A high value of the Troyon factor[beta][sub N] and strong shaping are required to allow simultaneous operation at high[beta] and high bootstrap current fraction. Ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability of a range of equilibria at aspect ratio 1.4 is systematically explored by varying the pressure profile and shape. The pressure and current profiles are constrained in such a way as to assure complete bootstrap current alignment. Both[beta][sub N] and[beta] are defined in terms of the vacuum toroidal field. Equilibria with[beta][sub N][ge] 8 and[beta] - 35% to 55% exist which are stable to n=[infinity] ballooning modes, and stable to n= 0, 1,2,3 kink modes with a conducting wall. The dependence of[beta] and[beta][sub N] with respect to aspect ratio is also considered.
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Languages : en
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Book Description
Low aspect ratio tokamaks can potentially provide a high ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic pressure[beta] and high plasma current I at a modest size, ultimately leading to a high power density compact fusion power plant. For the concept to be economically feasible, bootstrap current must be a major component of the plasma current. A high value of the Troyon factor[beta][sub N] and strong shaping are required to allow simultaneous operation at high[beta] and high bootstrap current fraction. Ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability of a range of equilibria at aspect ratio 1.4 is systematically explored by varying the pressure profile and shape. The pressure and current profiles are constrained in such a way as to assure complete bootstrap current alignment. Both[beta][sub N] and[beta] are defined in terms of the vacuum toroidal field. Equilibria with[beta][sub N][ge] 8 and[beta] - 35% to 55% exist which are stable to n=[infinity] ballooning modes, and stable to n= 0, 1,2,3 kink modes with a conducting wall. The dependence of[beta] and[beta][sub N] with respect to aspect ratio is also considered.
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Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
Using the multi-species neoclassical treatment of Hirshman and Sigmar we study steady state bootstrap equilibria with seed currents provided by low frequency (ICRF) fast waves and with additional surface current density driven by lower hybrid waves. This study applies to reactor plasmas of arbitrary aspect ratio. IN one limit the bootstrap component can supply nearly the total equilibrium current with minimal driving power (
Author: Jonathan Edward Menard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : National Spherical Torus Experiment (Project).
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Author: K. Okano
Publisher:
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Category : Equilibrium
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: Kenro Miyamoto
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781584887096
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
Resulting from ongoing, international research into fusion processes, the International Tokamak Experimental Reactor (ITER) is a major step in the quest for a new energy source.The first graduate-level text to cover the details of ITER, Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics introduces various aspects and issues of recent fusion research activities through the shortest access path. The distinguished author breaks down the topic by first dealing with fusion and then concentrating on the more complex subject of plasma physics. The book begins with the basics of controlled fusion research, followed by discussions on tokamaks, reversed field pinch (RFP), stellarators, and mirrors. The text then explores ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities, resistive instabilities, neoclassical tearing mode, resistive wall mode, the Boltzmann equation, the Vlasov equation, and Landau damping. After covering dielectric tensors of cold and hot plasmas, the author discusses the physical mechanisms of wave heating and noninductive current drive. The book concludes with an examination of the challenging issues of plasma transport by turbulence, such as magnetic fluctuation and zonal flow. Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics clearly and thoroughly promotes intuitive understanding of the developments of the principal fusion programs and the relevant fundamental and advanced plasma physics associated with each program.
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 782
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Book Description
Author: Hartmut Zohm
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527412328
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
This book bridges the gap between general plasma physics lectures and the real world problems in MHD stability. In order to support the understanding of concepts and their implication, it refers to real world problems such as toroidal mode coupling or nonlinear evolution in a conceptual and phenomenological approach. Detailed mathematical treatment will involve classical linear stability analysis and an outline of more recent concepts such as the ballooning formalism. The book is based on lectures that the author has given to Master and PhD students in Fusion Plasma Physics. Due its strong link to experimental results in MHD instabilities, the book is also of use to senior researchers in the field, i.e. experimental physicists and engineers in fusion reactor science. The volume is organized in three parts. It starts with an introduction to the MHD equations, a section on toroidal equilibrium (tokamak and stellarator), and on linear stability analysis. Starting from there, the ideal MHD stability of the tokamak configuration will be treated in the second part which is subdivided into current driven and pressure driven MHD. This includes many examples with reference to experimental results for important MHD instabilities such as kinks and their transformation to RWMs, infernal modes, peeling modes, ballooning modes and their relation to ELMs. Finally the coverage is completed by a chapter on resistive stability explaining reconnection and island formation. Again, examples from recent tokamak MHD such as sawteeth, CTMs, NTMs and their relation to disruptions are extensively discussed.
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Category : Controlled fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 770
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Book Description
Author: Jeffrey P. Freidberg
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139462156
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
There has been an increase in interest worldwide in fusion research over the last decade and a half due to the recognition that a large number of new, environmentally attractive, sustainable energy sources will be needed to meet ever increasing demand for electrical energy. Based on a series of course notes from graduate courses in plasma physics and fusion energy at MIT, the text begins with an overview of world energy needs, current methods of energy generation, and the potential role that fusion may play in the future. It covers energy issues such as the production of fusion power, power balance, the design of a simple fusion reactor and the basic plasma physics issues faced by the developers of fusion power. This book is suitable for graduate students and researchers working in applied physics and nuclear engineering. A large number of problems accumulated over two decades of teaching are included to aid understanding.
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The key to the theoretically predicted high performance of a low aspect ratio tokamak (LAT) is its ability to operate at very large plasma current*I[sub p]. The plasma current at low aspect ratios follows the approximate formula: I[sub p][approximately] (5a[sup 2]B[sub t]/Rq[psi])[(1+[kappa][sup 2])/2][A/(A[minus] 1)] where A[quadruple-bond] R/a which was derived from equilibrium studies. For constant q[psi] and B[sub t], I[sub p] can increase by an order of magnitude over the case of tokamaks with A[approx-gt] 2.5. The large current results in a significantly enhanced[beta][sub t] ([quadruple-bond][beta][sub N]I[sub p]/aB[sub t]) possibly of order unity. It also compensates for the reduction in A to maintain the same confinement performance assuming the confinement time[tau] follows the generic form[approximately] HI[sub p]P[sup[minus]1]/[sup 2]R[sup 3]/[sup 2][kappa][sup 1]/[sup 2]. The initiation and maintenance of such a large current is therefore a key issue for LATs.
