Speciation in Colombian Forest Birds West of the Andes. American Museum Novitates PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
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Author: Jürgen Haffer
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Category : Forest birds
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Author: Frank Michler Chapman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birds
Languages : en
Pages : 864
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Author: François Vuilleumier
Publisher:
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Category : Bird populations
Languages : en
Pages : 888
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Author: François Vuilleumier
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Gabriel J. Colorado
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Abstract: The tropical Andes are widely recognized as one of the world's great centers of biodiversity. High levels of both species richness and endemism coupled with one of the greatest rates of deforestation among tropical forests have made the Andes a major focal point of international conservation concern. Persistent large gaps in our understanding of ecological responses to anthropogenic disturbances limit our ability to effectively conserve biodiversity in the region. My dissertation focused on ecology and conservation of two poorly known components of Andean forest bird communities, overwintering Neotropical migratory birds and mixed species flocks. Specifically, I (1) examined assembly patterns of mixed species flocks, (2) evaluated the sensitivity of mixed species flocks and Neotropical migratory birds to deforestation and structural changes in habitat, and (3) identified potential physiological consequences of both using shade coffee and flocking to wintering Neotropical-Neartic migratory birds. To achieve this, I evaluated richness and abundance patterns of the community of wintering Neotropical-Nearctic migratory birds and resident mixed-species flocks across a broad geographical area (approximately 200,000 km2) of Northern and Central Andes, ranging from northwestern Venezuela in the Mérida Cordillera to northern Peru's Condor Cordillera, and including the Eastern, Central and Western Colombian Cordilleras. From October-March 2007-2010, I surveyed bird communities and measured habitat characteristics within 84 study sites representing a range of altitudes, from tropical lowlands at 400 m to low-montane tropical forest at 2,600 m. Overall, my dissertation demonstrates that mixed-species flocks and Neotropical migratory birds are widespread and common components of montane forest avifauna throughout the tropical Andes. Patterns of community assembly suggest that flocks are not random associations of species, but rather are structured at least partly in response to competitive pressures. However, the demonstrated sensitivity of flocks and migratory birds to landscape and local habitat changes suggests that continued patterns and rates of land cover change might disrupt the unique social system of mixed-species flocks as well as suitability of Andean forests for overwintering migratory birds. Fortunately, my research provides evidence that certain management systems, such as shade coffee and silvopasture, have the potential to support abundant and diverse migrants and flocks. Regional conservation efforts should further explore how agroforestry systems can be used to meet both ecological and social needs in human-dominated landscapes of the Andes.
Author: Steven L. Hilty
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 9780691083728
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 992
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Describing all of Colombia's birds, Steven Hilty and William Brown bring together information on one of the world's largest avifaunas-nearly 1,700 species. Over half of all the species of birds in South America are included, thus making the book useful in regions adjacent to Colombia, as well as in the country itself. The primary purpose of the work is to enable observers to identify the birds of the region, but it also provides detailed species accounts and will serve as an important handbook and reference volume. Fifty-six lavish color plates, thirteen halftone plates, and ninety-nine line drawings in the text illustrate over 85% of the species, including most of the resident birds. Notes on the facing-page of each place, and range maps of 1,475 species, facilitate identification. Written with the field observer in mind, the text gives special attention to comparisons of similar species, transcriptions of voices, and comments on behavior, status, and habitat. It also provides ranges, breeding data, and references. Notes outline taxonomic problems and briefly describe species that eventually may be found in Colombia. Introductory chapters and photographs highlight Colombia's geography, climate, and vegetation, and discuss migration and conservation questions, and the history of Colombian ornithology. Appendices contain a large bibliography, a section on birding locations, and coverage of two of Colombia's far-flung island territories, Isla San Andr s and Providencia. Maps depicting vegetation zones, political boundaries, national parks, and the most text localities are included.
Author: Donald S. Farner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483270009
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 607
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Avian Biology is a collection of papers that deals with biological aspects of birds such as their classification and habitat behavior. One paper reviews how birds are classified through practical systematics, study of fossils, and some of the problems encountered in the arrangement of major groups. Another paper discusses the origin and evolution of birds from their reptilian predecessors to their current evolutionary rates. Evolutionary rates vary depending on access to new habitats; if the environment is static, evolutionary rates can also slow down. One author discusses the inter-relations of sea birds with their marine environment, including coastal areas and the biological properties of the surface water. Another author describes the biology of desert birds relating to nomadism behavior and physical adaptations especially to the arid environment. The author also describes the cooling mechanism of these desert birds. Another paper evaluates the ecological aspect of behavior that includes foraging, habitat selection, mating, and flocking cohesion. Avian biologists, zoologists, and readers who have a general interest in birds will find this book useful.
Author: Jürgen Haffer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540717782
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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This book is the first detailed biography of Ernst Mayr. He was an ‘architect’ of the Synthetic Theory of Evolution, and the greatest evolutionary biologist since Charles Darwin. He is one of the most widely known biologists of the 20th century.
Author: R. H. Lowe-McConnell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animals
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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