Speciation and Mobility Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Coastal Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Ash Landfill PDF Download
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Author: Hermelinda Plata
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coastal zone management
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
In the metropolitan areas of Japan, coastal landfills have become a practical and main solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste incinerator ash (MSWIA) due to limited inland space. Leachate from the landfilled MSWIA contains many dissolved and suspended substances harmful to the surrounding environment, particularly heavy metals, such as lead, zinc, and cadmium. The mobility assessment of these heavy metals is therefore one of the important environmental issues for the coastal landfill. In this paper, modified batch tests were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and Eh changes on the mobility of heavy metals in both MSWIA and marine clay layer. Based on the speciation of heavy metals by using a sequential extraction method in the leachate-MSWIA and leachate-marine clay systems, heavy metal mobility and availability were discussed with the comparison to large-scale model test results presented by (Kamon et al. "Biochemical Effects on the Long-Term Mobility of Heavy Metals in Marine Clay at Coastal Landfill Sites," J. ASTM Int., Volume 3, 2006), which provides the long-term change in heavy metal concentrations and forms in the coastal MSWIA landfill site. Under the high pH (?11) and low Eh (?-200 mV) condition in the MSWIA-leachate system, Zn, Pb, and Cd were effectively immobilized by the formation of the reducible and oxidizable fractions of Zn and the oxidizable and residual (insoluble) fractions of Pb significantly. However, the potential mobility of Cd was relatively high since the formation of exchangeable compounds was more dominantly contributed to the immobilization. Test results on the speciation of the metals in the marine clay-leachate system accounts well for the evidence that the marine clay acts as the attenuation layer for heavy metals in leachate. These findings strongly support that heavy metal mobility is restricted in the coastal MSWIA landfill due to the formation of stable and insoluble forms under reduced-alkaline condition and the attenuation effect of the marine clay.
Author: Hermelinda Plata
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coastal zone management
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
In the metropolitan areas of Japan, coastal landfills have become a practical and main solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste incinerator ash (MSWIA) due to limited inland space. Leachate from the landfilled MSWIA contains many dissolved and suspended substances harmful to the surrounding environment, particularly heavy metals, such as lead, zinc, and cadmium. The mobility assessment of these heavy metals is therefore one of the important environmental issues for the coastal landfill. In this paper, modified batch tests were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and Eh changes on the mobility of heavy metals in both MSWIA and marine clay layer. Based on the speciation of heavy metals by using a sequential extraction method in the leachate-MSWIA and leachate-marine clay systems, heavy metal mobility and availability were discussed with the comparison to large-scale model test results presented by (Kamon et al. "Biochemical Effects on the Long-Term Mobility of Heavy Metals in Marine Clay at Coastal Landfill Sites," J. ASTM Int., Volume 3, 2006), which provides the long-term change in heavy metal concentrations and forms in the coastal MSWIA landfill site. Under the high pH (?11) and low Eh (?-200 mV) condition in the MSWIA-leachate system, Zn, Pb, and Cd were effectively immobilized by the formation of the reducible and oxidizable fractions of Zn and the oxidizable and residual (insoluble) fractions of Pb significantly. However, the potential mobility of Cd was relatively high since the formation of exchangeable compounds was more dominantly contributed to the immobilization. Test results on the speciation of the metals in the marine clay-leachate system accounts well for the evidence that the marine clay acts as the attenuation layer for heavy metals in leachate. These findings strongly support that heavy metal mobility is restricted in the coastal MSWIA landfill due to the formation of stable and insoluble forms under reduced-alkaline condition and the attenuation effect of the marine clay.
Author: H. Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clay
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
In coastal landfill facilities that are constructed to contain municipal and industrial wastes in Japan, natural marine clay layers serve as bottom liners to prevent pollutant migration. Leachates from landfills are rich in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that can be used by micro-organisms. Biological processes could lead to redox reactions that change the pH and Eh. These biochemical factors may strongly influence the behavior of pollutants leached from landfills, particularly heavy metals. In this paper, modified batch tests were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and Eh and to simulate both chemical and biochemical reactions on zinc mobility in a marine clay layer. To examine the effects of pH and Eh, the pH and Eh were controlled by adding acid or base, respectively, and a reducing agent. To study the zinc mobility, biochemical reactions were enhanced by cultivating native micro-organisms, which gradually changed the pH and Eh conditions. Batch tests with different DOC concentrations were also conducted to evaluate the effect of DOC on zinc mobility. In addition, biochemical processes in the bottom clay liners at coastal landfill sites that receive municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator ash were simulated by batch tests using a solution of MSW incinerator ash mixed with seawater along with cultivating native micro-organisms found in marine clay. The experimental results indicated that microbial activities in closed soil-water systems result in strongly reduced conditions compared to that controlled by a strong reducing agent, and that the zinc mobility is lowered through the formation of sulfides. Although microbial activity was initially limited under highly alkaline conditions due to MSW incinerator ash, the pH gradually decreased mainly due to the formation of organic acids from microbial activity. Under the oxidized conditions, the solubility of zinc was controlled by pH and the Eh had a negligible effect on the zinc concentration. DOC in the leachate served as a bioavailable carbon source for microbial activities, which promoted anaerobic conditions in the soil-water system and the immobilization of zinc. However, DOC also formed soluble complexes with heavy metals, which increased the zinc concentration. These observations confirmed that heavy metals in the leachates became immobilized under the conditions found at landfill bottom liners when estimated in terms of pH, Eh, and DOC.
Author: Britt Lanning Setzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sanitary landfills
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Author: Alexandra Katsiri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Contaminated sediments
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Management of sediments from coastal areas, contaminated with heavy metals and organic substances, is a very critical issue. Management decisions are usually based on total pollutant concentrations and various guidelines that are used by different countries. Heavy metals can be mobilized from polluted sediments if they are exposed to changing environmental conditions that occur during excavation, disposal at sea, or disposal in confined facilities. This paper examines the changes in heavy metals partitioning to binding phases in contaminated marine sediments and the release of metals to the environment. Environmental conditions are simulated by submitting sediments to a modified elutriation test with oxygenated and deoxygenated seawater. A sequential extraction procedure is used to determine the binding fractions of heavy metals in the sediments. Fractionation analysis of excavated marine sediments from the port of Piraeus, Greece showed that copper is primarily associated with organic matter, whereas lead and zinc are primarily associated with iron oxides. Under anoxic conditions, the metals bound to the various binding fractions remain practically stable. On the other hand, under oxic conditions, an increase in the concentration of metals associated with carbonates and a decrease in the concentration of metals associated with organic matter and iron oxides were observed. Both under oxic and anoxic conditions, actual metal mobility was very low and less than 0.5 % of total metal mass was found in the dissolved phase.
Author: Lars Landner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402027427
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
This book presents new results on metal fluxes from society to the environment, on metal speciation in water, soil and sediment, and its mobility, biological uptake and toxicity. New approaches, like the Acid Volatile Sulphide (AVS) concept to predict metal bioavailability in sediments, and the Biotic Ligand Model to calculate the toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms, are critically evaluated, with a focus on copper, nickel, zinc, and, chromium.
Author: Catherine Anne Hayes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heavy metals
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Author: J.A.C. Broekaert
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642742068
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Metal Speciation in the Environmental held in Cesme, Turkey, October 9-20, 1989
Author: Herbert E. Allen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873716970
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Metal Speciation and Contamination of Soil provides a thorough overview of the biogeochemical processes governing the behavior, transport, and bioavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils and suggests alternative approaches for effective remediation. This important new book contains contributions from experts in various disciplines who explore the issues from theoretical, experimental, and pragmatic perspectives. Topics include redox chemistry, kinetics of metal reactions, spectroscopic characterization of metal ion reactions at surface, modeling hydrologic transport phenomena and colloid-associated transport of metals through the soil profile to ground water, and remediation alternatives.
Author: Vinod Kumar
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323885500
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Heavy metal pollution is a serious threat to living organisms. Industrial development has aggravated multifaceted problems in the environment requiring a comprehensive solution. Appraisal of Metal(loids) in the Ecosystem addresses this need and provides a basic introduction of different heavy metals. Presented in a consistent and comprehensive manner, each chapter highlights the background level, occurrence, speciation, bioavailability, uptake detoxification mechanisms, and management of each metal in polluted soils. It provides the latest up-to-date information about different aspects of As, Hg, Si, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Cd, Cr, etc. in single source. This book provides scientists and researchers with the most current source of information on the topic. Written by a global and diverse group of experts, Appraisal of Metal(loids) in the Ecosystem also covers the many field applications associated with phytoremediation and extraction and provides guidance on decision making when selecting advanced techniques. Proposes strategies to mitigate metalloid toxicity and pollution in soils Covers various phytoremediation technique for appraisal of metalloids Includes case studies involving remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils using advanced technologies
Author: Lawrence K. Wang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420073192
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 528
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Book Description
A successful modern heavy metal control program for any industry will include not only traditional water pollution control, but also air pollution control, soil conservation, site remediation, groundwater protection, public health management, solid waste disposal, and combined industrial-municipal heavy metal waste management. In fact, it should be
