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Author: Allison Paige Myers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Sociomicrobiology has recently come to the forefront of bioanalytical research, primarily due to its physiological impact in the medical field. The interaction of bacterial cells in small, dense populations can reveal emergent properties of microbial communities, such as increased virulence and pathogenicity, as well as create a more accurate model for bacterial behavior in natural environments. Such systems are particularly relevant in mono- and polymicrobial communities, which exhibit social behaviors as well as the potential for symbiotic and/or adversarial interactions between species. The standard techniques for culturing bacteria lack the tools to provide adequate control over polymicrobial organization on a microscopic scale or to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial interactions. Using our previously developed micro-3D printing platform, we can arrange cells in biocompatible, pico-liter sized containers, allowing us to overcome these prior spatial limitations. However, key questions still exist regarding the dynamics of interactions between distinct cellular populations. This dissertation focuses on the development of a modified micro-3D printing platform that enables us to fabricate protein-based structures around bacteria on the tip of a moveable substrate. Fabricating structures on moveable substrates such as a glass rod or optical fiber allows us to precisely tune where bacterial clusters are located in relation to varying stimuli and enables delivery of fabricated structures to remote environments such as chronic wounds. However, several challenges were faced in the development of this technique, such as optimization of fabrication solutions, successful layering of hydrogels of varying composition on glass rods, and creation of a custom-built fabrication setup for fabrication on optical fiber tips. Development of these techniques enables us to better appreciate the intricacies of sociomicrobial behavior and interactions, allowing for a better understanding of microbial responses leading to antibiotic resistance, and directing a better approach towards the treatment of various microbial infections
Author: Allison Paige Myers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Sociomicrobiology has recently come to the forefront of bioanalytical research, primarily due to its physiological impact in the medical field. The interaction of bacterial cells in small, dense populations can reveal emergent properties of microbial communities, such as increased virulence and pathogenicity, as well as create a more accurate model for bacterial behavior in natural environments. Such systems are particularly relevant in mono- and polymicrobial communities, which exhibit social behaviors as well as the potential for symbiotic and/or adversarial interactions between species. The standard techniques for culturing bacteria lack the tools to provide adequate control over polymicrobial organization on a microscopic scale or to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial interactions. Using our previously developed micro-3D printing platform, we can arrange cells in biocompatible, pico-liter sized containers, allowing us to overcome these prior spatial limitations. However, key questions still exist regarding the dynamics of interactions between distinct cellular populations. This dissertation focuses on the development of a modified micro-3D printing platform that enables us to fabricate protein-based structures around bacteria on the tip of a moveable substrate. Fabricating structures on moveable substrates such as a glass rod or optical fiber allows us to precisely tune where bacterial clusters are located in relation to varying stimuli and enables delivery of fabricated structures to remote environments such as chronic wounds. However, several challenges were faced in the development of this technique, such as optimization of fabrication solutions, successful layering of hydrogels of varying composition on glass rods, and creation of a custom-built fabrication setup for fabrication on optical fiber tips. Development of these techniques enables us to better appreciate the intricacies of sociomicrobial behavior and interactions, allowing for a better understanding of microbial responses leading to antibiotic resistance, and directing a better approach towards the treatment of various microbial infections
Author: Cheng Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biosensors
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
Immunosensors are widely used to detect biomarkers associated with disease, pathogens, and various biological states. Because they rely upon specific molecular binding events, immunosensors are often slow as the result of long biomolecular diffusion times in sample solution. These diffusion limitations, therefore, restrict the convenience and sensitivity of immunosensors. To address these limitations, a microscale hydrogel biosensing platform based on the rehydration-mediated swelling of dehydrated hydrogels has been developed. This novel and facile sensing platform utilizes convective flow generated during the rehydration of the dehydrated hydrogel posts to rapidly concentrate analytes to the edges of photolithographically patterned microscale hydrogel structures. Using this platform, analyte capture and detection can be achieved in less than 1 minute, which is less than 5% of the time required by equivalent molecular immunoassays. This platform was demonstrated using a model molecular capture assay with fluorescent reporting in a microfluidic flow format. In order to design and optimize the performance of desiccated hydrogel immunoassays, hydrogel network architecture must be thoroughly characterized and quantified. The properties of microfabricated hydrogels, such as diffusivity, equilibrium swelling ratio, and mechanical strength depend strongly upon fabrication conditions and the composition and stoichiometry of the hydrogel-forming solution. A COMSOL Multiphysics model completely describing microfabrication conditions has been applied to provide insights regarding hydrogel feature size and crosslinking density resulting from fabrication under different photo-lithography conditions. Finally, hydrogel diffusivity, a function of the hydrogel’s “mesh size” was experimentally measured by tuning microfabrication parameters including exposure intensity and time, acrylate group concentration, and the molecular weight of the PEGDA used in the precuring solution. Findings show that the mesh size of the microscale hydrogel materials can be locally controlled by altering acrylate group conversion rate, acrylate group concentration in the hydrogel-forming solution, and the molecular weight of the macromers used in the hydrogel-forming solution. Together, the combination of model and empirical determination of mesh size provides a predictive toolset that can be used to design rapid hydrogel-based immunoassays for a variety of biomolecular targets.
Author: Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319778297
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
With the prospect of revolutionizing specific technologies, this book highlights the most exciting and impactful current research in the fields of cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogels with their smart applications. The book assembles the newest synthetic routes, characterization methods, and applications in the emergent area. Leading experts in the field have contributed chapters representative of their most recent research results, shedding light on the enormous potential of this field and thoroughly presenting cellulose-based hydrogel functioning materials. The book is intended for the polymer chemists, academic and industrial scientists and engineers, pharmaceutical and biomedical scientists and agricultural engineers engaged in research and development on absorbency, absorbent products and superabsorbent hydrogels. It can also be supportive for undergraduate and graduate students.
Author: Sun I. Kim
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540368396
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 4361
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Book Description
These proceedings of the World Congress 2006, the fourteenth conference in this series, offer a strong scientific program covering a wide range of issues and challenges which are currently present in Medical physics and Biomedical Engineering. About 2,500 peer reviewed contributions are presented in a six volume book, comprising 25 tracks, joint conferences and symposia, and including invited contributions from well known researchers in this field.
Author: Andrea Cusano
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319069985
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
This book focuses on a research field that is rapidly emerging as one of the most promising ones for the global optics and photonics community: the “lab-on-fiber” technology. Inspired by the well-established "lab on-a-chip" concept, this new technology essentially envisages novel and highly functionalized devices completely integrated into a single optical fiber for both communication and sensing applications. Based on the R&D experience of some of the world's leading authorities in the fields of optics, photonics, nanotechnology, and material science, this book provides a broad and accurate description of the main developments and achievements in the lab-on-fiber technology roadmap, also highlighting the new perspectives and challenges to be faced. This book is essential for scientists interested in the cutting-edge fiber optic technology, but also for graduate students.
Author: Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811060770
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 475
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Book Description
This book discusses recent advances in hydrogels, including their generation and applications and presents a compendium of fundamental concepts. It highlights the most important hydrogel materials, including physical hydrogels, chemical hydrogels, and nanohydrogels and explores the development of hydrogel-based novel materials that respond to external stimuli, such as temperature, pressure, pH, light, biochemicals or magnetism, which represent a new class of intelligent materials. With their multiple cooperative functions, hydrogel-based materials exhibit different potential applications ranging from biomedical engineering to water purification systems. This book covers key topics including superabsorbent polymer hydrogel; intelligent hydrogels for drug delivery; hydrogels from catechol-conjugated materials; nanomaterials loaded hydrogel; electrospinning of hydrogels; biopolymers-based hydrogels; injectable hydrogels; interpenetrating-polymer-network hydrogels: radiation- and sonochemical synthesis of micro/nano/macroscopic hydrogels; DNA-based hydrogels; and multifunctional applications of hydrogels. It will prove a valuable resource for researchers working in industry and academia alike.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 850
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Book Description
Author: Ricardo Oliveira
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000734005
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
Polymer optical fibers (POFs) have been regarded as a viable alternative to silica fibers in a variety of sensing applications. Fiber optic sensors offer key advantages over other sensing technologies, which include immunity to electromagnetic interference, compact, lightweight, multiplexing capability, and higher sensitivity. This book gives an overview of the polymer optical fiber Bragg grating (POFBG) technology over the last 20 years, covering aspects related to the fiber Bragg grating fabrication and also sensing applications. The book is split into five chapters, and it is written in such a way that can provide a comprehensive and simple route to new users, scientists and engineers working or wishing to work in the field of POFBGs: Describes the systems commonly employed for producing fiber Braggs gratings (FBGs) in silica fibers that can be used for the production of POFBGs; Explores different laser sources for the inscription of POFBGs; Explores the capability of using this technology at the visible and infrared region, in different fiber types (e.g., step-index, microstructured, unclad, highly birefringent) and in fibers composed of different polymer materials such as PMMA, doped PMMA, PS and ZEONEX; Reports the fabrication of different types of POF gratings, such as uniform, phase-shifted, tilted, chirped, and long-period gratings; Shows the opportunities of POFBGs for a variety of sensing applications. The insight to the use of POFBGs provides a vision for the opportunities of this fiber optic technology.
Author: Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527346783
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
Discover a one-stop resource for in-depth knowledge on epoxy composites from leading voices in the field Used in a wide variety of materials engineering applications, epoxy composites are highly relevant to the work of engineers and scientists in many fields. Recent developments have allowed for significant advancements in their preparation, processing and characterization that are highly relevant to the aerospace and automobile industry, among others. In Epoxy Composites: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications, a distinguished team of authors and editors deliver a comprehensive and straightforward summary of the most recent developments in the area of epoxy composites. The book emphasizes their preparation, characterization and applications, providing a complete understanding of the correlation of rheology, cure reaction, morphology, and thermo-mechanical properties with filler dispersion. Readers will learn about a variety of topics on the cutting-edge of epoxy composite fabrication and characterization, including smart epoxy composites, theoretical modeling, recycling and environmental issues, safety issues, and future prospects for these highly practical materials. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to epoxy composites, their synthesis and manufacturing, and micro- and nano-scale structure formation in epoxy and clay nanocomposites An exploration of long fiber reinforced epoxy composites and eco-friendly epoxy-based composites Practical discussions of the processing of epoxy composites based on carbon nanomaterials and the thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy composites An analysis of the spectroscopy and X-ray scattering studies of epoxy composites Perfect for materials scientists, polymer chemists, and mechanical engineers, Epoxy Composites: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of engineering scientists working in industry and process engineers seeking a comprehensive and exhaustive resource on epoxy composites.
Author: Sougata Jana
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811502633
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
Thanks to their unique properties, chitosan and chitosan-based materials have numerous applications in the field of biomedicine, especially in drug delivery. This book examines biomedical applications of functional chitosan, exploring the various functions and applications in the development of chitosan-based biomaterials. It also describes the chemical structure of chitosan and discusses the relationship between their structure and functions, providing a theoretical basis for the design of biomaterials. Lastly, it reviews chemically modified and composite materials of chitin and chitosan derivatives for biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, nanomedicine, drug delivery, and gene delivery.
