Author: Guillermo García Miranda
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages :

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Author: José Luis Carretero Miramar
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788461264438
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 169

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Author: Juan Pablo Stiefken Arboleda
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788449045042
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 306

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La hipótesis central de este trabajo plantea una relación causal entre las motivaciones altruistas y solidarias, y los Estados de Bienestar: por una parte, el altruismo y la solidaridad se presentan como dos de los factores sociales que posibilitan la existencia de los Estados de Bienestar (o de alguno de sus programas), y fomentan su mantenimiento y desarrollo; por otra parte, los Estados de Bienestar pueden generar, a su vez, un mayor nivel de motivaciones y conductas de este tipo. En este sentido, se parte de dos premisas básicas: por un lado, la viabilidad de los Estados de Bienestar y de las posibles reformas que quieran llevarse a cabo, no son sólo cuestión de factibilidad (o inevitabilidad) económica, sino también, y principalmente, de viabilidad política, de respaldo y legitimación popular. Por otra parte, en los seres humanos existe una pluralidad motivacional irreductible, donde cada una de las diferentes motivaciones humanas trae consigo distintas posibilidades. El trabajo se estructura de la siguiente manera: la primera parte se dedica a hacer una clarificación conceptual de las nociones de altruismo y de solidaridad (y de otros conceptos relacionados como el egoísmo, la reciprocidad, los sentimientos y principios morales, la compasión, la generosidad, o la fraternidad, entre otros), de tal forma que puedan servir como marco de referencia para el análisis posterior. A partir de ahí, y después de presentar una justificación normativa del altruismo y de la solidaridad, en la tercera sección se identifican y sistematizan distintos mecanismos sociales -conexiones causales posibles- relacionados con la hipótesis central del trabajo, los cuales permiten profundizar en los diferentes ámbitos y dimensiones que surgen alrededor suyo. Por último, se presenta una contextualización histórica y social de los mecanismos principales reseñados. En la sección final se presenta una exploración empírica e histórica de la hipótesis central del trabajo. La investigación está compuesta por dos momentos diferentes: primero se presentan distintos ejemplos de casos históricos, y se analiza su relación con las dos dimensiones principales de la hipótesis (la manifestación de motivaciones altruistas y solidarias, y el desarrollo de los Estados de Bienestar). En el segundo y principal momento de la investigación se profundiza en dos casos de estudio: el sistema de salud colombiano que se estructura a partir de la reforma constitucional de 1991 y la Ley 100 de 1993, y el sistema de salud británico (NHS) que surge en la posguerra de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El elemento en común es el desarrollo de sistemas universalistas y solidarios en medio de una situación crítica de conflicto y violencia, pero este proceso se da en países con circunstancias muy distintas, y en periodos de tiempo diferentes. Los dos casos de estudio, al igual que el marco teórico en general, pretenden resaltar el potencial que tienen las motivaciones altruistas y solidarias para el surgimiento y desarrollo de los sistemas y las políticas sociales en general, y de políticas igualitarias, universalistas y solidarias en particular. En este sentido, el propósito fundamental de este trabajo es reconocer y hacer visible la riqueza que yace en estas motivaciones como motor y fuente de respaldo político –en circunstancias adecuadas-, y el gran aporte que pueden dar para la construcción de unas instituciones y una sociedad más justas y solidarias.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 139

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Author: Ana Marta Guillén
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317014987
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 339

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Following the death of Franco, Spain underwent a transition to democracy in the mid-1970s. Although a rapid process of modernization occurred, the Spanish welfare state was seen, until fairly recently, as relatively underdeveloped. However, given the progressive Europeanization and expansion of Spanish social policy, questions arise as to whether the Spanish welfare system should still be considered as peripheral to West European welfare states. This volume is divided into three sections. The first section deals with broad trends in the evolution of the Spanish welfare state. To begin with, the consolidation path of social protection policies is explored. Attention is also paid to the process of Europeanization. Furthermore, the analysis explores advances in gender equality policies. In the second section, attention is turned to governance issues, such as collective bargaining, the interplay among levels of government, the welfare mix and public support for social policies. The third and final part of the book addresses five main challenges facing the Spanish welfare state in the 21st century, namely, the need to enhance flexicurity; to achieve a better work-family balance; to coordinate immigration policies with existing social protection; to tackle the persistence of high rates of relative poverty; and to face intense population ageing, both in terms of increasing needs for care and the reform of the pension system.

Author: Sara Torregrosa Hetland
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030795411
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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This book provides an analysis of the process and outcomes of the tax reform, with a focus on progressivity, redistribution, and inequality. Between 1977 and 1986, Spain underwent a comprehensive tax reform which shaped its fiscal system until today. It was made in connection with the transition to democracy and indeed was understood as a fundamental part of the political change. The book situates the reform both within Spanish history and international trends in tax systems and connects it to the expansion of the welfare state and regional decentralization in Spain. The analysis reveals that the tax system failed to attain progressivity, and significant levels of fraud had a noticeable impact on inequality. Because of this, fiscal redistribution remained limited. In the new political economy of the second globalization, late democratic and fiscal transitioners were unable to emulate the path of the welfare state forerunners.

Author:
Publisher: Editorial San Pablo
ISBN: 9789586928052
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Philippines
Languages : en
Pages : 668

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Author: Montserrat Duch-Plana
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040000290
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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This book deals with the evolution of initiatives connected to the social and solidarity economy and their political cultures and educational implications in the south of Europe and in Latin America. Employing a comparative perspective, the contributors present 11 studies of these trajectories in Argentina, Chile, Portugal, France, Italy, Spain, and Catalonia in order to engender familiarity with social tributary practices and projects in the Latin world. As the cyclical crises of capitalism and their resulting inequalities have created proposals of reform and brought them into action, certain shared ideological influences and policies have emerged across these societies. Faced with the interpretative schemes used for the Anglo-Saxon sphere, which have been the usual reference in international research, this volume’s geographical and cultural matrix of analysis helps fill a longstanding gap in this field. The book will be of interest to scholars, educators, and students specialising in the history and political science of the social and solidarity economy sectors, as well as professionals involved in cooperatives, mutual aid societies, and associations.

Author: Mark Gant
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527514935
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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The research collected in this volume consists of 18 chapters which explore a number of key areas of investigation in contemporary Iberian studies. As the title suggests, there is a strong emphasis on trans-national and trans-regional approaches to the subject area, reflecting current discourse and scholarship, but the contributions are not limited by these approaches and include an eclectic range of recent work by scholars of history, politics, literature, the visual arts and cultural and social studies, often working in transdisciplinary ways. The geographical scope of the transnational processes considered range from intra-Iberian interconnections to those with the UK, Italy and Morocco, as well as transatlantic influences between the Peninsula and Argentina, Cuba and Brazil. The book opens up some pioneering new directions in research in Iberian studies, as well as variety of fresh approaches to hitherto neglected aspects of more familiar issues.