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Author: Shengchen Du
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College graduates
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
The effect of social capital on labor market outcomes is a key concern in sociological studies. Even though there are extensive studies on this topic, with the worldwide expansion of higher education, insufficient scholarly efforts have so far been devoted to understanding access to social capital in the educational setting and labor market impact of social capital for well-educated individuals. Moreover, studies on social capital and migration tend to focus on the role played by social capital on migration decisions and outcomes, contingency impact of social capital on migrants’ labor market outcomes are not well understood. To fill the knowledge gap, this research is to examine undergraduates’ social capital accumulation and mobilization on campus, and the associated outcomes for their job seeking, with the particular focus on 1) the impact of macro institutions on migrant students’ social capital accumulation and mobilization; 2) contingency impact of social capital on labor market outcomes. Combining primary data from in-depth interviews in Tianjin and secondary data collected in Nanjing, China, I examine the different processes of social capital accumulation and mobilization between local and migrant students on campus, and associated labor market outcomes between local and returned migrant students. Findings of this study suggest that university provides an important context for undergraduates to establish social ties and accumulate social capital. By attending higher education institutions, especially elite ones, students gain opportunities to build exclusive social connections on campus. However, opportunities to accumulate social capital on campus are highly structured between local and migrant students because of the household registration system. Moreover, data from in-depth interviews have demonstrated that migrant students suffer disadvantaged capacities to mobilize social capital compared to their local counterparts. The household registration system deprives migrant populations of access to some local employment opportunities, such as government and government-affiliated organizations, migrant students suffer from weaker job information and influence when mobilizing their social capital. Further, by analyzing survey data from Nanjing, it has verified the institutional contingency impact of social capital upon the household registration system between local and returned migrant students. Both total and university-based social capital increases local students’ chance to get a desirable job but does not do so for returned migrant students. The central argument of the study is that institutional constraints, such as the household registration system, could lead to different capacities for the accessibility and mobilization of social capital among local students, migrant students, and returned migrant students, finally leading to differential labor market outcomes in Chinese cities.
Author: Joonmo Son
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136250786
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
The sociological concept of social capital has grown in popularity in recent years and research programs in North America, Europe, and East Asia have demonstrated how social capital has a significant impact on occupational mobility, community building, social movement, and economic development. This book uses new empirical data to test how social capital works in different societies with diverse political-economic and cultural institutions. Taking a comparative approach, this study focuses on data from three different societies, China, Taiwan, and the United States, in order to reveal the international commonalities and disparities in access to, and activation of, social capital in labor markets. In particular, this book tests whether political economic and cultural differences between capitalist and socialist economic systems and between Western and Confucian cultures create different types of individual social networks and usages. This comparison leads to Joonmo Son’s fundamental argument that the institutional constraints of a society’s political economy on the one hand, and culture on the other, profoundly impact on both the composition and utilization of social capital. Based on rigorous statistical analysis, this book will be essential reading for students and scholars of social capital, economic sociology, and comparative politics.
Author: Shengchen Du
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College graduates
Languages : en
Pages : 219
Get Book Here
Book Description
The effect of social capital on labor market outcomes is a key concern in sociological studies. Even though there are extensive studies on this topic, with the worldwide expansion of higher education, insufficient scholarly efforts have so far been devoted to understanding access to social capital in the educational setting and labor market impact of social capital for well-educated individuals. Moreover, studies on social capital and migration tend to focus on the role played by social capital on migration decisions and outcomes, contingency impact of social capital on migrants’ labor market outcomes are not well understood. To fill the knowledge gap, this research is to examine undergraduates’ social capital accumulation and mobilization on campus, and the associated outcomes for their job seeking, with the particular focus on 1) the impact of macro institutions on migrant students’ social capital accumulation and mobilization; 2) contingency impact of social capital on labor market outcomes. Combining primary data from in-depth interviews in Tianjin and secondary data collected in Nanjing, China, I examine the different processes of social capital accumulation and mobilization between local and migrant students on campus, and associated labor market outcomes between local and returned migrant students. Findings of this study suggest that university provides an important context for undergraduates to establish social ties and accumulate social capital. By attending higher education institutions, especially elite ones, students gain opportunities to build exclusive social connections on campus. However, opportunities to accumulate social capital on campus are highly structured between local and migrant students because of the household registration system. Moreover, data from in-depth interviews have demonstrated that migrant students suffer disadvantaged capacities to mobilize social capital compared to their local counterparts. The household registration system deprives migrant populations of access to some local employment opportunities, such as government and government-affiliated organizations, migrant students suffer from weaker job information and influence when mobilizing their social capital. Further, by analyzing survey data from Nanjing, it has verified the institutional contingency impact of social capital upon the household registration system between local and returned migrant students. Both total and university-based social capital increases local students’ chance to get a desirable job but does not do so for returned migrant students. The central argument of the study is that institutional constraints, such as the household registration system, could lead to different capacities for the accessibility and mobilization of social capital among local students, migrant students, and returned migrant students, finally leading to differential labor market outcomes in Chinese cities.
Author: Rene Dubos
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351490532
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 475
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Book Description
Leading scholars in the field of social networks from diverse disciplines present the first systematic and comprehensive collection of current theories and empirical research on the informal connections that individuals have for support, help, and information from other people. Expanding on concepts originally formulated by Pierre Bourdieu and James Coleman, this seminal work will find an essential place with educators and students in the fields of social networks, rational choice theory, institutions, and the socioeconomics of poverty, labor markets, social psychology, and race. The volume is divided into three parts. The first segment clarifies social capital as a concept and explores its theoretical and operational bases. Additional segments provide brief accounts that place the development of social capital in the context of the family of capital theorists, and identify some critical but controversial perspectives and statements regarding social capital in the literature. The editors then make the argument for the network perspective, why and how such a perspective can clarify controversies and advance our understanding of a whole range of instrumental and expressive outcomes. Social Capital further provides a forum for ongoing research programs initiated by social scientists working at the crossroads of formal theory and new methods. These scholars and programs share certain understandings and approaches in their analyses of social capital. They argue that social networks are the foundation of social capital. Social networks simultaneously capture individuals and social structure, thus serving as a vital conceptual link between actions and structural constraints, between micro- and macro-level analyses, and between relational and collective dynamic processes. They are further cognizant of the dual significance of the "structural" features of the social networks and the "resources" embedded in the networks as defining elements of social c
Author: Joonmo Son
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549960171
Category : Social capital (Sociology)
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Employing the unique Social Capital Project surveys conducted in 2004-5 in the United States, China, and Taiwan with at least 3,000 respondents from each society, I found that institutional constraints played critical roles in determining the amount of accessed social capital and the efficacy of activated social capital in job search process in the labor markets. Applying regression models and structural equation modeling to the identical position generator measures in the three data sets, I identified that China under the twofold institutional constraints of socialist political economy and Confucian culture retained the least amount of accessed social capital in comparison with the other two capitalist societies, the United States and Taiwan according to the SEM latent mean comparison. In regard to the activation of social capital in job search process, I found that the effect of social capital was suppressed under the socialist control in China. I also found that Taiwan experienced the greatest gender inequality in status attainment process due to Confucian cultural influence. I thus suggest that future research should take political and cultural institutions of target societies into account in order to examine the net effect of social capital rather than unconditionally replicating the pre-established conceptual schema in the literature in spite of significant differences in macroinstitutional arrangements varying across societies.
Author: John D. Montgomery
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475765312
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
Author: Nan Lin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521521673
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
1. Theories of Capital: The Historical Foundation. 3. 2. Social Capital: Capital Captured through Social Relations. 19. 3. Resources, Hierarchy, Networks, and Homophily: The Structural Foundation. 29. 4. Resources, Motivations, and Interactions: The Action Foundation. 41. 5. The Theory and Theoretical Propositions. 55. 6. Social Capital and Status Attainment: A Research Tradition. 78. 7. Inequality in Social Capital: A Research Agenda. 99. 8. Social Capital and the Emergence of Social Structure: A Theory of Rational Choice. 127. 9. Reputation and Social Capital: The Rational Basis for Social Exchange. 143. 10. Social Capital in Hierarchical Structures. 165. 11. Institutions, Networks, and Capital Building: Societal Transformations. 184. 12. Cybernetworks and the Global Village: The Rise of Social Capital. 210. 13. The Future of the Theory. 243. . References. 251. . Index. 267.
Author: Brian J. Asquith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
We explore the links between social capital and labor market networks at the neighborhood level. We harness rich data taken from multiple sources, including matched employer-employee data with which we measure the strength of labor market networks, data on behavior such as voting patterns that have previously been tied to social capital, and new data - not previously used in the study of social capital - on the number and location of non-profit sector establishments at the neighborhood level. We use a machine learning algorithm to identify important potential social capital measures that best predict neighborhood-level variation in labor market networks. We find evidence suggesting that smaller and less centralized schools, and schools with fewer poor students, foster social capital that builds labor market networks, as does a larger Republican vote share. The presence of establishments in a number of non-profit oriented industries are identified as predictive of strong labor market networks, likely because they either provide public goods or facilitate social contacts. These industries include, for example, churches and other religious institutions, police departments, fire and rescue services including volunteer fire departments, country clubs, mayors' offices, chamber music groups, hobby clubs, and museums.
Author: Nan Lin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135012326
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
This volume is a collection of original studies based on one of the first research programs on comparative analysis of social capital. Data are drawn from national representative samples of the United States, China and Taiwan. The three societies selected for study allow the examination of how political-economic regimes (command versus market) and cultural factors (family centrality versus diverse social ties) affect the characteristics of social ties and social networks from which resources are accessed and mobilized.
Author: Elias Salomon Lopez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employment (Economic theory)
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
Author: Shanhui Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social capital (Sociology)
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
Using a multilevel sample of 167 cities and 3529 individuals from China, the present dissertation investigates the roles of individual- and city-level factors in the three processes---social capital acquisition, activation and the returns to it---through which social capital (measured by the position generator methodology) affects status attainment. Based on the results from multilevel analyses, this research reaches the following conclusions: (1) Residents of a more developed city and a city with a high political ranking have more social capital. (2) Long-term and short-term mobility across cities enhance individuals' social capital. (3) Father's network extensity positively influences individuals' social capital, but this effect is reduced by economic development. (4) Being a supervisor increases the probability of social capital activation measured as receiving job information from network contacts. (5) People who live in a more developed city are more capable of activating their social capital. (6) Unemployment rate in a city increases social capital activation. (7) Social capital and its activation significantly affect current job status, and these effects are not contingent on the degree to which a labor market is restrained by bureaucratic regulations. Theses findings suggest a two-level social embeddedness. First, individuals' labor market actions and outcomes are embedded in the structures of social networks. Second, individuals' network relations and network behavior are embedded in the social structures at the macro level.
