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Author: Jennifer M. Saul
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191614580
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The phenomenon of substitution failure is a longstanding focus of discussion for philosophers of language. Substitution failure occurs when a change from one co-referential name to another (e.g. from 'Superman' to 'Clark Kent') affects the truth-value of a sentence. Jennifer Saul has shown that this can occur even in the simplest of sentences. She presents the first full-length treatment of this puzzling feature of language, and explores its implications for the theory of reference and names, and for the methodology of semantics.
Author: Jennifer M. Saul
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191614580
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The phenomenon of substitution failure is a longstanding focus of discussion for philosophers of language. Substitution failure occurs when a change from one co-referential name to another (e.g. from 'Superman' to 'Clark Kent') affects the truth-value of a sentence. Jennifer Saul has shown that this can occur even in the simplest of sentences. She presents the first full-length treatment of this puzzling feature of language, and explores its implications for the theory of reference and names, and for the methodology of semantics.
Author: Stephen Biggs
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000226786
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 789
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Book Description
This Handbook offers students and more advanced readers a valuable resource for understanding linguistic reference; the relation between an expression (word, phrase, sentence) and what that expression is about. The volume’s forty-one original chapters, written by many of today’s leading philosophers of language, are organized into ten parts: I Early Descriptive Theories II Causal Theories of Reference III Causal Theories and Cognitive Significance IV Alternate Theories V Two-Dimensional Semantics VI Natural Kind Terms and Rigidity VII The Empty Case VIII Singular (De Re) Thoughts IX Indexicals X Epistemology of Reference Contributions consider what kinds of expressions actually refer (names, general terms, indexicals, empty terms, sentences), what referring expressions refer to, what makes an expression refer to whatever it does, connections between meaning and reference, and how we know facts about reference. Many contributions also develop connections between linguistic reference and issues in metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of science.
Author: Heimir Geirsson
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136180184
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
The nature of propositions and the cognitive value of names have been the focal point of philosophy of language for the last few decades. The advocates of the causal reference theory have favored the view that the semantic contents of proper names are their referents. However, Frege’s puzzle about the different cognitive value of coreferential names has made this identification seem impossible. Geirsson provides a detailed overview of the debate to date, and then develops a novel account that explains our reluctance, even when we know about the relevant identity, to substitute coreferential names in both simple sentences and belief contexts while nevertheless accepting the view that the semantic content of names is their referents. The account focuses on subjects organizing information in webs; a name can then access and elicit information from a given web. Geirsson proceeds to extend the account of information to non-referring names, but they have long provided a serious challenge to the causal reference theorist.
Author: Thomas Grano
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110853015X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
Propositional attitude reports are sentences built around clause-embedding psychological verbs, like Kim believes that it's raining or Kim wants it to rain. These interact in many intricate ways with a wide variety of semantically relevant grammatical phenomena, and represent one of the most important topics at the interface of linguistics and philosophy, as their study provides insight into foundational questions about meaning. This book provides a bird's-eye overview of the grammar of propositional attitude reports, synthesizing the key facts, theories, and open problems in their analysis. Couched in the theoretical framework of generative grammar and compositional truth-conditional semantics, it places emphasis on points of intersection between propositional attitude reports and other important topics in semantic and syntactic theory. With discussion points, suggestions for further reading and a useful guide to symbols and conventions, it will be welcomed by students and researchers wishing to explore this fertile area of study.
Author: Alessandro Capone
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319721739
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
This book builds on the idea that pragmatics and philosophy are strictly interconnected and that advances in one area will generate consequential advantages in the other area. The first part of the book, entitled ‘Theoretical Approaches to Philosophy of Language’, contains contributions by philosophers of language on connectives, intensional contexts, demonstratives, subsententials, and implicit indirect reports. The second part, ‘Pragmatics in Discourse’, presents contributions that are more empirically based or of a more applicative nature and that deal with the pragmatics of discourse, argumentation, pragmatics and law, and context. The book presents perspectives which, generally, make most of the Gricean idea of the centrality of a speaker’s intention in attribution of meaning to utterances, whether one is interested in the level of sentence-like units or larger chunks of discourse.
Author: Mihoko Otake
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319509535
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 558
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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the JSAI-isAI 2015 Workshops LENLS 12, JURISIN 9, AAA 2015, HAT-MASH 2015, TSDAA 2015, ASD-HR 2015, and SKL 2015, held in Kanagawa, Japan, in November 2015. The 39 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 114 submissions. LENLS 12 (Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics) is an annual international workshop on formal semantics and pragmatics and focused on discourse particles; disjunction; truth; copredication; expressive content; categorial grammar; dependent type semantics; sequent calculus; and various aspects of formal pragmatics. JURISIN 9 (Juris-Informatics) is the 9th event in the series. The purpose of this workshop is to discuss fundamental and practical issues such as law, social science, information and intelligent technology, logic and philosophy, including the conventional “AI and law” area. AAA 2015 (Argument for Agreement and Assurance) has the goal of deepening a mutual understanding and exploring a new research field involving researchers/practitioners in formal and informal logic, artificial intelligence, and safety engineering working on agreement and assurance through argument. HAT-MASH 2015 (Healthy Aging Tech Mashup Service, Data and People) provides a forum to discuss important research questions and practical challenges in healthy aging and elderly care support to promote transdisciplinary approaches. TSDAA 2015 (Workshop on Time Series Data Analysis and its Applications) aimes at providing an interdisciplinary forum for discussion of different approaches and techniques of time series data analysis and their implementation in various real life applications. ASD-HR 2015 (Autism Spectrum Disorders Using a Humanoid Robot) presents the studies in the interdisciplinary field of research including both engineering and medical sides. SKL 2015 (Skill Science) discusses the theoretical foundations of skill science as well as practical and engineering issues.
Author: Alessandro Capone
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319410784
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
This monograph on indirect reports offers insights on the semantics/pragmatics interface and a refinement of the notion of explicature. The volume is written in an engaging style and guides the reader through the theoretical problems and their ramifications. The thorniest problem in the study of indirect reports is their polyphonic nature, and how the listener distinguishes between the reporter’s voice and the original speaker’s voice, either by contextual clues or, in the absence of such clues, by resorting to pragmatic principles. The introductory chapter discusses the main issues that will be addressed in the volume. The next chapters focus on the various aspects of indirect reports, covering both theory and practical applications.
Author: Gillian Russell
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136594078
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 941
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Book Description
Philosophy of language is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature of meaning, the relationship of language to reality, and the ways in which we use, learn, and understand language. The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Language provides a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the field, charting its key ideas and movements, and addressing contemporary research and enduring questions in the philosophy of language. Unique to this Companion is clear coverage of research from the related disciplines of formal logic and linguistics, and discussion of the applications in metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and philosophy of mind. Organized thematically, the Companion is divided into seven sections: Core Topics; Foundations of Semantics; Parts of Speech; Methodology; Logic for Philosophers of Language; Philosophy of Language for the Rest of Philosophy; and Historical Perspectives. Comprised of 70 never-before-published essays from leading scholars--including Sally Haslanger, Jeffrey King, Sally McConnell-Ginet, Rae Langton, Kit Fine, John MacFarlane, Jeff Pelletier, Scott Soames, Jason Stanley, Stephen Stich and Zoltan Gendler Szabo--the Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Language promises to be the most comprehensive and authoritative resource for students and scholars alike.
Author: Barry Schein
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262035634
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 1035
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Book Description
A bold argument that “and” always means “&,” the truth-functional sentential connective. In this book, Barry Schein argues that “and” is always the sentential logical connective with the same, one, meaning. “And” always means “&,” across the varied constructions in which it is tokened in natural language. Schein examines the constructions that challenge his thesis, and shows that the objections disappear when these constructions are translated into Eventish, a neo-Davidsonian event semantics, and, enlarged with Cinerama Semantics, a vocabulary for spatial orientation and navigation. Besides rescuing “and” from ambiguity, Eventish and Cinerama Semantics solve general puzzles of grammar and meaning unrelated to conjunction, revealing the book's central thesis in the process: aspects of meaning mistakenly attributed to “and” are discovered to reflect neighboring structures previously unseen and unacknowledged. Schein argues that Eventish and Cinerama Semantics offer a fundamental revision to clause structure and what aspects of meaning are represented therein. Eventish is distinguished by four features: supermonadicity, which enlarges verbal decomposition so that every argument relates to its own event; descriptive event anaphora, which replaces simple event variables with silent descriptive pronouns; adverbialization, which interposes adverbials derived from the descriptive content of every DP; and AdrPs, which replace all NPs with Address Phrases that locate what nominals denote within scenes or frames of reference. With 'And,' Schein rehabilitates an old rule of transformational, generative grammar, answering the challenges to it exhaustively and meticulously.
Author: Alessandro Capone
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030009734
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 590
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Book Description
The two sections of this volume present theoretical developments and practical applicative papers respectively. Theoretical papers cover topics such as intercultural pragmatics, evolutionism, argumentation theory, pragmatics and law, the semantics/pragmatics debate, slurs, and more. The applied papers focus on topics such as pragmatic disorders, mapping places of origin, stance-taking, societal pragmatics, and cultural linguistics. This is the second volume of invited papers that were presented at the inaugural Pragmasofia conference in Palermo in 2016, and like its predecessor presents papers by well-known philosophers, linguists, and a semiotician. The papers present a wide variety of perspectives independent from any one school of thought.
