Shapeshift: The Unsettling Geography of Drug Flows in the Americas PDF Download
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Author: Heather Robin Agnew
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Ideally, supply-side drug control policies intend to create illegal drug scarcities that drive up illegal drug prices, and reduce purity levels to the extent that the price drug consumers pay is either cost prohibitive, or not worth the low purity product they have purchased. It is theorized that drug consumers will either seek treatment for their addiction, or stop using altogether. This theory has never panned out, yet supply side approaches remain the most resilient model of drug control policy in the United States. The American-led war on drugs is consistently framed through a domestic/ foreign polarity that is operationalized though tropes of criminality, suspicious narratives of foreign others, and the 'us vs. them' duality. The United States situates its drug control crusade as a matter of national security, where the expansion of the United States policing role underwrites drug enforcement activities in foreign nations as a regional security imperative. This dissertation is about the effects produced by the barriers of drug enforcement--the laws that behave as barriers, surveillance as a barrier, and the US-Mexico border fence as a barrier. These barriers produce unintended effects, creating new geographies of risk that emerge where these barriers are sited. Three case studies analyze these barrier effects--the human cost of surveillance practices that ultimately relocate drug supply routes, with devastating consequences; the unintended outcomes of legal mandates limiting access to prescription drugs and the shift toward riskier illicit substitutes; and faith that a border separation barrier will stop illicit flows of migrants and drugs, and the folly of believing these flows are intimately connected. This project is based on interviews with public health and safety stakeholders, document analysis of US federal narcotics court cases, content analysis of government reports, and analysis of United States Drug Enforcement Administration incident, seizure, price and purity data. In my research, I am interested in why path-dependent drug policy approaches are consistently adhered to, despite the inevitable geographic shifts and human consequences these decisions inevitably reproduce.
Author: Heather Robin Agnew
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Ideally, supply-side drug control policies intend to create illegal drug scarcities that drive up illegal drug prices, and reduce purity levels to the extent that the price drug consumers pay is either cost prohibitive, or not worth the low purity product they have purchased. It is theorized that drug consumers will either seek treatment for their addiction, or stop using altogether. This theory has never panned out, yet supply side approaches remain the most resilient model of drug control policy in the United States. The American-led war on drugs is consistently framed through a domestic/ foreign polarity that is operationalized though tropes of criminality, suspicious narratives of foreign others, and the 'us vs. them' duality. The United States situates its drug control crusade as a matter of national security, where the expansion of the United States policing role underwrites drug enforcement activities in foreign nations as a regional security imperative. This dissertation is about the effects produced by the barriers of drug enforcement--the laws that behave as barriers, surveillance as a barrier, and the US-Mexico border fence as a barrier. These barriers produce unintended effects, creating new geographies of risk that emerge where these barriers are sited. Three case studies analyze these barrier effects--the human cost of surveillance practices that ultimately relocate drug supply routes, with devastating consequences; the unintended outcomes of legal mandates limiting access to prescription drugs and the shift toward riskier illicit substitutes; and faith that a border separation barrier will stop illicit flows of migrants and drugs, and the folly of believing these flows are intimately connected. This project is based on interviews with public health and safety stakeholders, document analysis of US federal narcotics court cases, content analysis of government reports, and analysis of United States Drug Enforcement Administration incident, seizure, price and purity data. In my research, I am interested in why path-dependent drug policy approaches are consistently adhered to, despite the inevitable geographic shifts and human consequences these decisions inevitably reproduce.
Author: James G. Stavridis
Publisher: NDU Press
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Since its creation in 1963, United States Southern Command has been led by 30 senior officers representing all four of the armed forces. None has undertaken his leadership responsibilities with the cultural sensitivity and creativity demonstrated by Admiral Jim Stavridis during his tenure in command. Breaking with tradition, Admiral Stavridis discarded the customary military model as he organized the Southern Command Headquarters. In its place he created an organization designed not to subdue adversaries, but instead to build durable and enduring partnerships with friends. His observation that it is the business of Southern Command to launch "ideas not missiles" into the command's area of responsibility gained strategic resonance throughout the Caribbean and Central and South America, and at the highest levels in Washington, DC.
Author: Katherine McKittrick
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 145290880X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
In a long overdue contribution to geography and social theory, Katherine McKittrick offers a new and powerful interpretation of black women’s geographic thought. In Canada, the Caribbean, and the United States, black women inhabit diasporic locations marked by the legacy of violence and slavery. Analyzing diverse literatures and material geographies, McKittrick reveals how human geographies are a result of racialized connections, and how spaces that are fraught with limitation are underacknowledged but meaningful sites of political opposition. Demonic Grounds moves between past and present, archives and fiction, theory and everyday, to focus on places negotiated by black women during and after the transatlantic slave trade. Specifically, the author addresses the geographic implications of slave auction blocks, Harriet Jacobs’s attic, black Canada and New France, as well as the conceptual spaces of feminism and Sylvia Wynter’s philosophies. Central to McKittrick’s argument are the ways in which black women are not passive recipients of their surroundings and how a sense of place relates to the struggle against domination. Ultimately, McKittrick argues, these complex black geographies are alterable and may provide the opportunity for social and cultural change. Katherine McKittrick is assistant professor of women’s studies at Queen’s University.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309142393
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
Author: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Publisher: UN
ISBN: 9789211302950
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In The globalization of crime: a transnational organized crime threat assessment, UNODC analyses a range of key transnational crime threats, including human trafficking, migrant smuggling, the illicit heroin and cocaine trades, cybercrime, maritime piracy and trafficking in environmental resources, firearms and counterfeit goods. The report also examines a number of cases where transnational organized crime and instability amplify each other to create vicious circles in which countries or even subregions may become locked. Thus, the report offers a striking view of the global dimensions of organized crime today.
Author: Nils Gilman
Publisher: A&C Black
ISBN: 1441178104
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
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Author: Michael Miklaucic
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781461937029
Category : Computer security
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1027
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Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author: Moises Naim
Publisher: Anchor
ISBN: 0307278565
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
A groundbreaking investigation of how illicit commerce is changing the world by transforming economies, reshaping politics, and capturing governments.In this fascinating and comprehensive examination of the underside of globalization, Moises Naím illuminates the struggle between traffickers and the hamstrung bureaucracies trying to control them. From illegal migrants to drugs to weapons to laundered money to counterfeit goods, the black market produces enormous profits that are reinvested to create new businesses, enable terrorists, and even to take over governments. Naím reveals the inner workings of these amazingly efficient international organizations and shows why it is so hard — and so necessary to contain them. Riveting and deeply informed, Illicit will change how you see the world around you.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030921484X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
Chronic pain costs the nation up to $635 billion each year in medical treatment and lost productivity. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to enlist the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in examining pain as a public health problem. In this report, the IOM offers a blueprint for action in transforming prevention, care, education, and research, with the goal of providing relief for people with pain in America. To reach the vast multitude of people with various types of pain, the nation must adopt a population-level prevention and management strategy. The IOM recommends that HHS develop a comprehensive plan with specific goals, actions, and timeframes. Better data are needed to help shape efforts, especially on the groups of people currently underdiagnosed and undertreated, and the IOM encourages federal and state agencies and private organizations to accelerate the collection of data on pain incidence, prevalence, and treatments. Because pain varies from patient to patient, healthcare providers should increasingly aim at tailoring pain care to each person's experience, and self-management of pain should be promoted. In addition, because there are major gaps in knowledge about pain across health care and society alike, the IOM recommends that federal agencies and other stakeholders redesign education programs to bridge these gaps. Pain is a major driver for visits to physicians, a major reason for taking medications, a major cause of disability, and a key factor in quality of life and productivity. Given the burden of pain in human lives, dollars, and social consequences, relieving pain should be a national priority.
