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Author: Kelsie MacLellan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : University of Ottawa theses
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Author: Kelsie MacLellan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : University of Ottawa theses
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Author: W.J. Etges
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401002657
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
Genetic studies aimed at understanding the origin of species are dominating major scientific journals. In the past decade, genetic tools that were previously available only in model systems have become accessible to investigators working on nearly all species. Concurrent with these technical advances has been an increase in understanding of both the importance of considering the ecological context of speciation and testing hypotheses about causes for species formation. Many recent studies suggest a prominent role of sexual selection in species formation. These advances have produced a need for a synthesis of what we now understand about speciation, and perhaps more importantly, where we should go from here. In this volume, several leading investigators and rising stars have contributed reviews and/or novel primary research findings aimed at understanding the ultimate mystery on which Darwin named his most famous and influential book. Fundamental to the origin of species is the evolution of mate choice systems. This collection of papers discusses burgeoning genetic, evolutionary, and ecological approaches to understanding the origins of mating discrimination and causes of premating reproductive isolation both within and between species. The individual contributions span a wide spectrum of disciplines, taxa, and ideas (some controversial). This synthesis brings together several of the most recent ideas with supporting empirical data. This book will be of particular interest to both undergraduate and postgraduate researchers and students and researchers in the field of evolutionary biology, genetics and animal behaviour.
Author: Bernard Grant Campbell
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
ISBN: 0202368866
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Just over one hundred and thirty years ago Charles Darwin, in The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex (1871), developed remarkably accurate conclusions about man's ancestry, based on a review of general comparative anatomy and psychology in which he regarded sexual selection as a necessary part of the evolutionary process. But the attention of biologists turned to the more general concept of natural selection, in which sexual selection plays a complex role that has been little understood. This volume significantly broadens the scope of modern evolutionary biology by looking at this important and long neglected concept of great importance. In this book, which is the first full discussion of sexual selection since 1871, leading biologists bring modern genetic theory and behavior observation to bear on the subject. The distinguished authors consider many aspects of sexual selection in many species, including man, within the context of contemporary evolutionary theory and research. The result is a remarkably original and well-rounded view of the whole concept that will be invaluable especially to students of evolution and human sexual behavior. The lucid authority of the contributors and the importance of the topic will interest all who share in man's perennial fascination with his own history. The book will be of central importance to a wide variety of professionals, including biologists, anthropologists, and geneticists. It will be an invaluable supplementary text for courses in vertebrate biology, theory of evolution, genetics, and physical anthropology. It is especially important with the emergence of alternative explanations of human development, under the rubric of creationism and doctrines of intelligent design. Bernard G. Campbell is professor of anthropology at the University of California, Los Angeles. Born in Weybridge, England, he received his Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in 1957, and has been a lecturer in anthropology at Cambridge and Harvard Universities. Among his many contributions to the field of anthropology is Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations.
Author: Graham Bell
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146155991X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
This new textbook for students taking courses in evolution is addressed to one of the most difficult questions evolutionary biology, that of selection. Covering both artificial and natural selection, the author has written a short, readable text that will appeal to students and professionals alike. how the nature of the process determines the nature of evolutionary change.
Author: Charles Darwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cleistogamy
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
Author: Sean Christopher Andrew Clark
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
While natural selection acts to strengthen nonsexual fitness (i.e., survivorship and fecundity), the capacity for sexual selection to enhance this process is the source of much theoretical and empirical debate. The potential for sexual selection to reinforce natural selection in reducing the mutation load is rooted in condition dependence theory. This theory predicts that females select mates on the basis of condition, as indicated by condition-dependent sexual traits, and in doing so simultaneously sort them by genetic quality. The premise of condition-dependent mate choice is transferrable to non-female-choice components of selection; hence, sexual selection at its multiple stages is predicted to remove mutations deleterious to condition. Support for the notion that sexual selection in toto can reduce the mutation load is mounting; however, understanding which components of sexual selection are important in the removal of deleterious mutations remains an important challenge. To address this issue, I employed the Drosophila melanogaster model system. I demonstrated support for the capacity of sexual selection to remove deleterious mutations at multiple stages of selection (Chapters 2-4), before and after mating. Furthermore, I showed that the efficacy of sexual selection in eliminating deleterious mutations is dependent on the stage of selection (Chapter 4), and the source of mutation under selection (Chapters 2-4). I deviated slightly in research objective for my final thesis study (Chapter 5). There is mounting empirical support for precopulatory male mate choice across insect taxa, and emerging support for choice post-copulation (i.e., sperm and seminal fluid allocation). I manipulated perceived female mating status in D. melanogaster, and I demonstrated precopulatory male preference for females perceived as virgins, which suggests male choice for low ejaculate competition risk. At the postcopulatory level, males mated to perceived virgins outperformed those mated to perceived mated females in several key components of sperm competition defence; however, I did not detect a downstream fitness cost to this differential investment. Ultimately, my thesis has contributed valuable and novel results on the relative impacts of pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection on genetic quality in D. melanogaster, which collectively suggest that sexual selection can be effective against deleterious mutations.
Author: Geoffrey Miller
Publisher: Anchor
ISBN: 0307813746
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 530
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Book Description
At once a pioneering study of evolution and an accessible and lively reading experience, a book that offers the most convincing—and radical—explanation for how and why the human mind evolved. Consciousness, morality, creativity, language, and art: these are the traits that make us human. Scientists have traditionally explained these qualities as merely a side effect of surplus brain size, but Miller argues that they were sexual attractors, not side effects. He bases his argument on Darwin’ s theory of sexual selection, which until now has played second fiddle to Darwin’ s theory of natural selection, and draws on ideas and research from a wide range of fields, including psychology, economics, history, and pop culture. Witty, powerfully argued, and continually thought-provoking, The Mating Mind is a landmark in our understanding of our own species.
Author: Marlene Zuk
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780520240759
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
In this book the author gives an eye-opening tour of some of the latest developments in our knowledge of animal sexuality and evolutionary biology. It exposes the anthropomorphism and gender politics that have colored our understanding of the natural world and shows how feminism can help move us away from our ideological biases. As she tells many amazing stories about animal behavior--whether of birds and apes or of rats and cockroaches--the author takes us to the places where our ideas about nature, gender, and culture collide. (Midwest).
Author: Gregory R. Bock
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470870842
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Evolutionary psychology and behavioural genetics are two successful and important fields in the study of human behaviour, but practitioners in these subjects have different conceptions of the nature of human intelligence. Evolutionary psychologists dispute the existence of general intelligence and emphasise the differences among species. They argue that natural and sexual selection would be expected to produce intelligences that are specialised for particular domains, as encountered by particular species. Behavioural geneticists consider general intelligence to be the most fundamental aspect of intelligence and concentrate on the differences between individuals of the same species. This exciting book features papers and discussion contributions from leading behavioural geneticists, evolutionary psychologists and experts on intelligence that explore the differences and the tensions between these two approaches. The nature of 'g' or general intelligence is discussed in detail, as is the issue of the heritability of intelligence. The alternative approaches that emphasise domain-specific intelligences are explored, alongside wide-ranging discussions on a broad range of issues such as the biological basis for intelligence, animal models and changes in IQ scores over time.
Author: Göran Arnqvist
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400850606
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
The past decade has seen a profound change in the scientific understanding of reproduction. The traditional view of reproduction as a joint venture undertaken by two individuals, aimed at replicating their common genome, is being challenged by a growing body of evidence showing that the evolutionary interests of interacting males and females diverge. This book demonstrates that, despite a shared genome, conflicts between interacting males and females are ubiquitous, and that selection in the two sexes is continuously pulling this genome in opposite directions. These conflicts drive the evolution of a great variety of those traits that distinguish the sexes and also contribute to the diversification of lineages. Göran Arnqvist and Locke Rowe present an array of evidence for sexual conflict throughout nature, and they set these conflicts into the well-established theoretical framework of sexual selection. The recognition of conflict between the sexes is transforming our theories for the evolution of mating systems and the sexes themselves. Written by two top researchers in the field, Sexual Conflict is the first book to describe this transformation. It is a must read for all scholars and students interested in the evolutionary biology of reproduction.
