Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes PDF Download
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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030946837X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 775
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Book Description
Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030946837X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 775
Get Book Here
Book Description
Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030906371X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
Incineration has been used widely for waste disposal, including household, hazardous, and medical wasteâ€"but there is increasing public concern over the benefits of combusting the waste versus the health risk from pollutants emitted during combustion. Waste Incineration and Public Health informs the emerging debate with the most up-to-date information available on incineration, pollution, and human healthâ€"along with expert conclusions and recommendations for further research and improvement of such areas as risk communication. The committee provides details on: Processes involved in incineration and how contaminants are released. Environmental dynamics of contaminants and routes of human exposure. Tools and approaches for assessing possible human health effects. Scientific concerns pertinent to future regulatory actions. The book also examines some of the social, psychological, and economic factors that affect the communities where incineration takes place and addresses the problem of uncertainty and variation in predicting the health effects of incineration processes.
Author: Folke Morén
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 462
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Book Description
This edition includes chapters on the diagnostic and therapeutic use of aerosols, systemic therapy, and particle size analysis of therapeutic aerosols. It reviews the current state-of-the-art, details important applications and assesses environmental and occupational aerosols.
Author: United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hazardous substances
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: Dominique Thomas
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 008102116X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Filtration of aerosols is omnipresent in our daily lives, in areas as diverse as health, the protection of people and the environment, and air treatment inside buildings. However, the collection of particles within a filter media is not, contrary to popular belief, linked to a simple screen effect. The phenomena involved are much more complex and require the consideration of aerosol interactions, filter media and process conditions to select the best fiber filter for a given application. Aerosol Filtration, book for students, hygiene or process engineers, fibrous media manufacturers, designers, and filtration system suppliers or users addresses the filtration of aerosols in six chapters. These chapters cover physics and aerosol characterization, the fibrous media, and efficiency and filter clogging by solid or liquid aerosols, with special attention to the filtration of the nanoparticles. - Analyses the behavior of fibrous media against solid and liquid aerosols - Presents models of efficiency and pressure drop - Introduces computing elements for estimating the lifetime of filters - Provides guidance for designing filters and predicting their behavior over time
Author: Paul H. Gamache
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470937785
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
The first book devoted exclusively to a highly popular, relatively new detection technique Charged Aerosol Detection for Liquid Chromatography and Related Separation Techniques presents a comprehensive review of CAD theory, describes its advantages and limitations, and offers extremely well-informed recommendations for its practical use. Using numerous real-world examples based on contributors’ professional experiences, it provides priceless insights into the actual and potential applications of CAD across a wide range of industries. Charged aerosol detection can be combined with a variety of separation techniques and in numerous configurations. While it has been widely adapted for an array of industrial and research applications with great success, it is still a relatively new technique, and its fundamental performance characteristics are not yet fully understood. This book is intended as a tool for scientists seeking to identify the most effective and efficient uses of charged aerosol detection for a given application. Moving naturally from basic to advanced topics, the author relates fundamental principles, practical uses, and applications across a range of industrial settings, including pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, biotech, and more. Offers timely, authoritative coverage of the theory, experimental techniques, and end-user applications of charged aerosol detection Includes contributions from experts from various fields of applications who explore CAD’s advantages over traditional HPLC techniques, as well its limitations Provides a current theoretical and practical understanding of CAD, derived from authorities on aerosol technology and separation sciences Features numerous real-world examples that help relate fundamental properties and general operational variables of CAD to its performance in a variety of conditions Charged Aerosol Detection for Liquid Chromatography and Related Separation Techniques is a valuable resource for scientists who use chromatographic techniques in academic research and across an array of industrial settings, including the biopharmaceutical, biotechnology, biofuel, chemical, environmental, and food and beverage industries, among others.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309182158
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections.
Author: Warren H. Finlay
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780122569715
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
The Mechanics of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols, An Introduction provides a unique and comprehensive treatment of the mechanics of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols. The book covers a wide range of topics and many new perspectives are given by drawing on research from a variety of fields. Novel, in-depth expositions of the most common delivery devices are given, including nebulizers, dry powder inhalers and propellant metered dose inhalers. The behaviour of aerosols in the respiratory tract is explained in detail, with complete coverage of the fundamentals of current deposition models. The book begins by providing a comprehensive introduction to aspects of aerosol mechanics that are relevant to inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols. It then gives an exhaustive pedagogical description of the behaviour of evaporating and condensing droplets (both aqueous and propellant-based), an introductory chapter on lung geometry and inhalation patterns, and coverage of relevant aspects of fluid mechanics in the lung. Finally, the book provides invaluable, detailed coverage on the mechanics of common pharmaceutical aerosol delivery systems and deposition in the respiratory tract. Throughout the book are many detailed numerical examples that apply the salient concepts to typical inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols. This book will be of interest to scientists and engineers involved in the research and development of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosol products. Experienced practitioners will find many new perspectives that will greatly enhance their understanding of this complex and rapidly growing field. For those delivering therapeutic agents to the lung, this book is a must-have. Students and academics will find this book an invaluable tool and for newcomers it is a worthy guide to the diverse fields that must be understood to work in the area of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309178436
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
Biological warfare agent (BWA) detectors are designed to provide alerts to military personnel of the presence of dangerous biological agents. Detecting such agents promptly makes it possible to minimize contamination and personnel exposure and initiate early treatment. It is also important, though, that detectors not raise an alarm when the situation does not warrant it. The question considered in this book is whether Agent-Containing Particles per Liter of Air (ACPLA) is an appropriate unit of measure for use in the evaluation of aerosol detectors and whether a better, alternative measure can be developed. The book finds that ACPLA alone cannot determine whether a health threat exists. In order to be useful and comparable across all biological agents and detection systems, measurements must ultimately be related to health hazard. A Framework for Assessing the Health Hazard Posed by Bioaerosols outlines the possibility of a more complex, but more useful measurement framework that makes it possible to evaluate relative hazard by including agent identity and activity, particle size, and infectious dose.
