Seismic Evaluation of a Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frame by Pseudodynamic Testing PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Seismic Evaluation of a Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frame by Pseudodynamic Testing PDF full book. Access full book title Seismic Evaluation of a Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frame by Pseudodynamic Testing by Stephen G. Buonopane. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Stephen G. Buonopane
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 490
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Stephen G. Buonopane
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 490
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Stephen G. Buonopane
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dynamic testing
Languages : en
Pages : 130
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Andre Filipe Furtado
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031203720
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 365
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book reports on a comprehensive experimental characterization of the material, mechanical and dynamic properties of masonry infill walls. It analyses the critical parameters affecting their out-of-plane seismic behavior, including the effects of the panel support conditions, gravity load, and previous damage. Further, it offers an extensive review of infill masonry strengthening strategies and reports on the experimental assessment of various textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) strengthening solutions. It also presents the development, implementation and calibration of a numerical model to simulate the infill panels’ seismic behavior, with the corresponding findings of various tests to assess the seismic vulnerability of an infilled RC structure. All in all, this outstanding PhD thesis offers a comprehensive review of masonry infill walls, and a timely overview of numerical and experimental methods for testing and preventing the out-of-plane seismic collapse of RC buildings.
Author: Ioannis Koutromanos
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781124898483
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Get Book Here
Book Description
Masonry-infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames constitute a significant part of the building inventory in earthquake-prone regions around the world. The development of accurate analysis tools and of retrofit techniques is important for enhancing the seismic safety of older construction of this type. Most of the existing analytical approaches have either adopted simplified models with limited predictive capabilities or been restricted to the monotonic loading regime. Additionally, many of the retrofit methods used in practice have not been experimentally validated. The present study aimed to establish and use refined computational tools for the reliable and robust analysis of masonry-infilled RC frames with and without retrofit, and to experimentally validate recently developed retrofit schemes. Constitutive models have been developed to allow the analysis of infilled frames. An existing smeared-crack model has been enhanced to accurately describe diffuse cracking and crushing in concrete and masonry under cyclic loading. Furthermore, a novel cohesive interface model has been formulated to describe strongly localized cracks in the concrete columns and the behavior of the mortar joints. The model can account for various aspects of the cyclic behavior, such as the cyclic normal unloading/reloading response, the frictional sliding and geometric dilatation and the irreversible crushing under large compressive stresses. A major challenge was the formulation of a robust stress update algorithm, which is also presented. The models are validated with experimental tests at the material and at the structural level. The analyses demonstrate the capability of the models to accurately capture the response of infilled frames. The results of large-scale, shake-table tests on a masonry-infilled RC frame are also presented. The purpose of the tests was to evaluate two retrofit methods for infills, using overlays of Engineered Cementitious Composite material (ECC) and of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP). The material properties, specimen configuration, input ground motions and experimental observations are described in detail. Both retrofit techniques improved the performance of the specimen. A series of nonlinear analyses has been conducted to provide further insight on the behavior of the retrofitted specimen. Dynamic analyses have been conducted for infilled RC frames subjected to a collection of eight ground motions, scaled to match a target intensity level. The results of the analyses indicate that the addition of an ECC overlay can significantly improve the performance of an infilled frame.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Buildings
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Federal Emergency Agency
Publisher: FEMA
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Get Book Here
Book Description
Following the two damaging California earthquakes in 1989 (Loma Prieta) and 1994 (Northridge), many concrete wall and masonry wall buildings were repaired using federal disaster assistance funding. The repairs were based on inconsistent criteria, giving rise to controversy regarding criteria for the repair of cracked concrete and masonry wall buildings. To help resolve this controversy, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) initiated a project on evaluation and repair of earthquake damaged concrete and masonry wall buildings in 1996. The ATC-43 project addresses the investigation and evaluation of earthquake damage and discusses policy issues related to the repair and upgrade of earthquake damaged buildings. The project deals with buildings whose primary lateral-force-resisting systems consist of concrete or masonry bearing walls with flexible or rigid diaphragms, or whose vertical-load-bearing systems consist of concrete or steel frames with concrete or masonry infill panels. The intended audience is design engineers, building owners, building regulatory officials, and government agencies. The project results are reported in three documents. The FEMA 306 report, Evaluation of Earthquake Damaged Concrete and Masonry Wall Buildings, Basic Procedures Manual, provides guidance on evaluating damage and analyzing future performance. Included in the document are component damage classification guides, and test and inspection guides. FEMA 307, Evaluation of Earthquake Damaged Concrete and Masonry Wall Buildings, Technical Resources, contains supplemental information including results from a theoretical analysis of the effects of prior damage on single-degree-of-freedom mathematical models, additional background information on the component guides, and an example of the application of the basic procedures. FEMA 308, The Repair of Earthquake Damaged Concrete and Masonry Wall Buildings, discusses the policy issues pertaining to the repair of earthquake damaged buildings and illustrates how the procedures developed for the project can be used to provide a technically sound basis for policy decisions. It also provides guidance for the repair of damaged components.
Author: Alper Ilki
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319004581
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 505
Get Book Here
Book Description
In the past, facilities considered to be at the end of their useful life were demolished and replaced with new ones that better met the functional requirements of modern society, including new safety standards. Humankind has recently recognised the threats to the environment and to our limited natural resources due to our relentless determination to destroy the old and build anew. With the awareness of these constraints and the emphasis on sustainability, in future the majority of old structures will be retrofitted to extend their service life as long as feasible. In keeping with this new approach, the EU’s Construction Products Regulation 305/2011, which is the basis of the Eurocodes, included the sustainable use of resources as an "Essential Requirement" for construction. So, the forthcoming second generation of EN-Eurocodes will cover not only the design of new structures, but the rehabilitation of existing ones as well. Most of the existing building stock and civil infrastructures are seismically deficient. When the time comes for a decision to prolong their service life with the help of structural and architectural upgrading, seismic retrofitting may be needed. Further, it is often decided to enhance the earthquake resistance of facilities that still meet their functional requirements and fulfil their purpose, if they are not earthquake-safe. In order to decide how badly a structure needs seismic upgrading or to prioritise it in a population of structures, a seismic evaluation is needed, which also serves as a guide for the extent and type of strengthening. Seismic codes do not sufficiently cover the delicate phase of seismic evaluation nor the many potential technical options for seismic upgrading; therefore research is on-going and the state-of-the-art is constantly evolving. All the more so as seismic evaluation and rehabilitation demand considerable expertise, to make best use of the available safety margins in the existing structure, to adapt the engineering capabilities and techniques at hand to the particularities of a project, to minimise disruption of use, etc. Further, as old structures are very diverse in terms of their materials and layout, seismic retrofitting does not lend itself to straightforward codified procedures or cook-book approaches. As such, seismic evaluation and rehabilitation need the best that the current state-of-the-art can offer on all aspects of earthquake engineering. This volume serves this need, as it gathers the most recent research of top seismic experts from around the world on seismic evaluation, retrofitting and closely related subjects.
Author: Marios Kyriakides
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Masonry infills in non-ductile reinforced concrete frames can be found in many places around the world, such as the western United States, China, and in countries of the Mediterranean region. There is strong laboratory and field evidence that masonry infills can improve the performance of reinforced concrete structures, as demonstrated in the 1994 Northridge earthquake. However, many masonry-infilled reinforced concrete buildings suffered catastrophic failures in recent earthquakes such as in the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake in Turkey and the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China, causing the death of hundreds of people and affecting the lives of millions. A new seismic retrofit technique specifically for unreinforced masonry infills in non-ductile reinforced concrete frames has been developed. The technique uses a sprayable, ductile fiber-reinforced cement based material referred to as Engineered Cementitious Composites, or ECC. Small-scale component experiments including compression tests of masonry prisms and flexural tests of masonry beams retrofitted with different ECC retrofit schemes were conducted to investigate the impact of the retrofit on the performance of masonry in terms of strength, stiffness and ductility. The findings of the small-scale component experiments were used for the development of the ECC retrofit design. Four 1/5-scale masonry infilled non-ductile reinforced frames - one with an unretrofitted masonry wall and three with retrofitted masonry walls - were subjected to quasi-static, in-plane cyclic loading to validate the retrofit design. It was found that when a thin layer of ductile cement-based retrofit is applied to the masonry wall and properly tied into the concrete frame, the deformation capacity of the infilled frame is increased 10 times through a rocking motion. In collaboration with researchers from The University of Colorado, at Boulder and The University of California, San Diego, the retrofit design was evaluated through a quasi-static, in-plane cyclic test of a 2/3-scale masonry infilled non-ductile reinforced concrete frame and a dynamic shake-table test of a 2/3-scale, three-story, two-bay masonry infilled non-ductile reinforced concrete frame. These tests demonstrated that the ECC retrofit can significantly improve the performance of this type of structure under cyclic loads and seismic excitation. Existing analytical models for the prediction of the lateral strength and failure mode of masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames subjected to in-plane lateral load are evaluated through a limit analysis method. New analytical models for such structures with ECC retrofitted masonry walls are proposed. Two-dimensional non-linear finite element analyses using two different micro-modeling approaches are used to simulate unreinforced masonry beams retrofitted with a thin layer of ECC under four-point bending. In a detailed approach each material is modeled independently and in a simplified approach, expanded brick units with zero thickness mortar elements are used. The adequacy of these models to capture the experimental response of ECC strengthened masonry beams under out-of-plane bending is examined. The impact of the amount and location of reinforcement in the ECC layer, and of the use of anchors as a method of improvement of the bond between the ECC layer and the masonry surface is also examined through simulation. Two-dimensional non-linear finite element analyses are conducted to asses the ability of various smeared and discrete crack modeling approaches in a commercial finite element program for capturing the response of masonry infilled non-ductile reinforced concrete frames. A methodology for simulating this type of structures with ECC retrofitted walls in two dimensions is also presented.
Author: Claudio Modena
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498795927
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2558
Get Book Here
Book Description
Brick and Block Masonry - Trends, Innovations and Challenges contains the lectures and regular papers presented at the 16th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference (Padova, Italy, 26-30 June 2016). In an ever-changing world, in which innovations are rapidly implemented but soon surpassed, the challenge for masonry, the oldest and most traditional building material, is that it can address the increasingly pressing requirements of quality of living, safety, and sustainability. This abstracts volume and full paper USB device, focusing on challenges, innovations, trends and ideas related to masonry, in both research and building practice, will proof to be a valuable source of information for researchers and practitioners, masonry industries and building management authorities, construction professionals and educators.
Author: Alper Ilki
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048126819
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Get Book Here
Book Description
Many more people are coming to live in earthquake-prone areas, especially urban ones. Many such areas contain low-rise, low-cost housing, while little money is available to retrofit the buildings to avoid total collapse and thus potentially save lives. The lack of money, especially in developing countries, is exacerbated by difficulties with administration, implementation and public awareness. The future of modern earthquake engineering will come to be dominated by new kinds of measuring technologies, new materials developed especially for low-rise, low-cost buildings, simpler and thus lower cost options for retrofitting, cost cutting and raising public awareness. The book covers all the areas involved in this complex issue, from the prevention of total building collapse, through improvement techniques, to legal, financial, taxation and social issues. The contributors have all made valuable contributions in their own particular fields; all of them are or have been closely involved with the issues that can arise in seismic zones in any country. The recent research results published here offer invaluable pointers to practicing engineers and administrators, as well as other scientists whose work involves saving the lives and property of the many millions of people who live and work in hazardous buildings.
