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Author: Sieglinde Jornitz
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783319934433
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This handbook focuses on and compares the education systems in the three Americas: North, Central and South America, and includes a chapter on most countries in the region. The chapters follow a common structure and include schematic diagrams of the structure of mainstream education from pre-primary to tertiary level. Each chapter starts with a description of the historical and social foundations of the education system from the post-World War II period up to today, including political, economic and cultural contexts and conditions. By highlighting important dates and structural decisions, the current education system can be understood as resulting from past developments. The first part ends with a description of the transitions to the labour market that are offered, and the way in which these are organized in the education system described. The second part consists of an overview of the institutional and organizational principles as well as the structure of education from pre-primary to tertiary level. It includes a focus on legislative bases and financial provisions for the education system and a description of the structure by using the ISCED-classification. It further includes information of the supply of human resources such as teachers and other educators. The third and final part of the handbook discusses selected educational trends and aspects. In this context, three topics are of particular interest: dealing with inequality, ICT and digitization activities, and STEM-related policies and programmes.
Author: Sieglinde Jornitz
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783319934433
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
This handbook focuses on and compares the education systems in the three Americas: North, Central and South America, and includes a chapter on most countries in the region. The chapters follow a common structure and include schematic diagrams of the structure of mainstream education from pre-primary to tertiary level. Each chapter starts with a description of the historical and social foundations of the education system from the post-World War II period up to today, including political, economic and cultural contexts and conditions. By highlighting important dates and structural decisions, the current education system can be understood as resulting from past developments. The first part ends with a description of the transitions to the labour market that are offered, and the way in which these are organized in the education system described. The second part consists of an overview of the institutional and organizational principles as well as the structure of education from pre-primary to tertiary level. It includes a focus on legislative bases and financial provisions for the education system and a description of the structure by using the ISCED-classification. It further includes information of the supply of human resources such as teachers and other educators. The third and final part of the handbook discusses selected educational trends and aspects. In this context, three topics are of particular interest: dealing with inequality, ICT and digitization activities, and STEM-related policies and programmes.
Author: Carmen Gloria Zúñiga
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 946209926X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Book Description
"The focus of this book is on the secondary school history curriculum in Chile from colonial times to the present. By way of background, attention is paid to the development of the history curriculum in the three countries which have most influenced educational developments in Chile, namely, England, the United States of America and Spain. The academic literature on the history curriculum throughout the English-speaking and Latin-speaking world, especially on the purposes attached to history as a school subject and the variety of pedagogical approaches prescribed is also considered. The results of a project that addressed the following interrelated research questions are then outlined: • What is the historical background to the current secondary school history curriculum in Chile? • What are the current developments of the secondary school history curriculum in Chile? • What are the issues of concern for secondary school history teachers in Chile? At various times the teaching of the subject ranged from being in the ‘great tradition’ approach, emphasizing teacher-centred activities and repetition of content knowledge, to being in the ‘new history’ tradition, emphasizing the promotion of active learning, student-centred activities and the encouragement of the historical method of enquiry. The analysis also details current issues of concern for teachers regarding the implementation of the current curriculum framework for secondary school history. The book concludes with a consideration of implications for practice in areas pertaining to curriculum development, teaching and learning, management and administration, teacher preparation, and professional development practices in Chile. "
Author: Fernando M. Reimers
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030815005
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 467
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Book Description
This open access edited volume is a comparative effort to discern the short-term educational impact of the covid-19 pandemic on students, teachers and systems in Brazil, Chile, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Spain, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. One of the first academic comparative studies of the educational impact of the pandemic, the book explains how the interruption of in person instruction and the variable efficacy of alternative forms of education caused learning loss and disengagement with learning, especially for disadvantaged students. Other direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic diminished the ability of families to support children and youth in their education. For students, as well as for teachers and school staff, these included the economic shocks experienced by families, in some cases leading to food insecurity and in many more causing stress and anxiety and impacting mental health. Opportunity to learn was also diminished by the shocks and trauma experienced by those with a close relative infected by the virus, and by the constrains on learning resulting from students having to learn at home, where the demands of schoolwork had to be negotiated with other family necessities, often sharing limited space. Furthermore, the prolonged stress caused by the uncertainty over the resolution of the pandemic and resulting from the knowledge that anyone could be infected and potentially lose their lives, created a traumatic context for many that undermined the necessary focus and dedication to schoolwork. These individual effects were reinforced by community effects, particularly for students and teachers living in communities where the multifaceted negative impacts resulting from the pandemic were pervasive. This is an open access book.
Author: Reginald Lloyd
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chile
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
Author: Jorge Manzi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030783901
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
This edited volume presents a systematic analysis of conceptual, methodological and applied aspects related to the validation of educational tests used in Latin American countries. Inspired by international standards on educational measurement and evaluation, this book illustrates efforts that have been made in several countries to validate different types of educational assessments, including student learning assessments, measurements of non-cognitive aspects in students, teacher evaluations, and tests for certification and selection. It gathers the experience of validity studies from the main international assessments in Latin America (PISA, TIMSS, ERCE, and ICCS). Additionally, it shows the challenges that must be taken into account when evaluations are used to compare countries, groups or trends of achievement over time. The book builds on the premise that measurements in the educational field should not be used if there are no studies that support the validity of the interpretation of their scores, or the use made of such tests. It shows that, despite the recognition given to validity, relatively few educational measurement assessments have accumulated enough evidence to support their interpretation and use. In doing so, this volume increases awareness about the relevance of validity, especially when assessments are key component of educational policies.
Author: Beatrice Ávalos
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1789735297
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
From secondary-level origins, to its current university-based status, this book highlights the intermingling of policy with structural and process definitions of teacher education throughout Chilean history, up until recent market policies, to offer a comprehensive account of educational development in Chile.
Author: United States. Education Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Author: Gino Germani
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
ISBN: 9781412839044
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
This work places in historical and theoretical contexts the work Germani in the area of modernization, especially as it relates to Latin America. Germani views modernization as the touchstone of the twentieth century. His notion of modernization has to do with how a society can harness technology for distinctly political ends and link science to distinctly economic ends.
Author: Edward N. Wolff
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 9781845420529
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Although per capita income in the United States outstripped that in other developed countries during the 1990s, it is questionable if the levels of welfare services that it provides to its citizens has kept pace. This study examines how the standard of living is measured.
Author: Karel Van Nieuwenhuyse
Publisher: IAP
ISBN: 1641131942
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
This book examines the evolving representations of the colonial past from the mid-19th century up to decolonization in the 1960s and 70s ? the so-called era of Modern Imperialism – in post-war history textbooks from across the world. The aim of the book is to examine the evolving outlook of colonial representations in history education and the underpinning explanations for the specific outlook in different – former colonizer and colonized – countries (to be found in collective memory, popular historical culture, social representations, identity-building processes, and the state of historical knowledge within academia). The approach of the book is novel and innovative in different ways. First of all, given the complexity of the research, an original interdisciplinary approach has been implemented, which brings together historians, history educators and social psychologists to examine representations of colonialism in history education in different countries around the world while drawing on different theoretical frameworks. Secondly, given the interest in the interplay between collective memory, popular historical culture, social representations, and the state of historical knowledge within academia, a diachronic approach is implemented, examining the evolving representations of the colonial past, and connecting them to developments within society at large and academia. This will allow for a deeper understanding of the processes under examination. Thirdly, studies from various corners of the world are included in the book. More specifically, the project includes research from three categories of countries: former colonizer countries – including England, Spain, Italy, France, Portugal and Belgium –, countries having been both colonized and colonizer – Chile – and former colonized countries, including Zimbabwe, Malta and Mozambique. This selection allows pairing up the countries under review as former colonizing-colonized ones (for instance Portugal-Mozambique, United Kingdom-Malta), allowing for an in-depth comparison between the countries involved. Before reaching the research core, three introductory chapters outline three general issues. The book starts with addressing the different approaches and epistemological underpinnings history and social psychology as academic disciplines hold. In a second chapter, evolutions within international academic colonial historiography are analyzed, with a special focus on the recent development of New Imperial History. A third chapter analyses history textbooks as cultural tools and political means of transmitting historical knowledge and representations across generations. The next ten chapters form the core of the book, in which evolving representations of colonial history (from mid-19th century until decolonization in the 1960s and 1970s) are examined, explained and reflected upon, for the above mentioned countries. This is done through a history textbook analysis in a diachronic perspective. For some countries the analysis dates back to textbooks published after the Second World War; for other countries the focus will be more limited in time. The research presented is done by historians and history educators, as well as by social psychologists. In a concluding chapter, an overall overview is presented, in which similarities and differences throughout the case studies are identified, interpreted and reflected upon.
