Scientific validity of polygraph testing : a research review and evaluation.

Scientific validity of polygraph testing : a research review and evaluation. PDF Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428924027
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Book Description

Scientific validity of polygraph testing : a research review and evaluation.

Scientific validity of polygraph testing : a research review and evaluation. PDF Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428924027
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128

Get Book Here

Book Description


The Polygraph and Lie Detection

The Polygraph and Lie Detection PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309084369
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 417

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Book Description
The polygraph, often portrayed as a magic mind-reading machine, is still controversial among experts, who continue heated debates about its validity as a lie-detecting device. As the nation takes a fresh look at ways to enhance its security, can the polygraph be considered a useful tool? The Polygraph and Lie Detection puts the polygraph itself to the test, reviewing and analyzing data about its use in criminal investigation, employment screening, and counter-intelligence. The book looks at: The theory of how the polygraph works and evidence about how deceptivenessâ€"and other psychological conditionsâ€"affect the physiological responses that the polygraph measures. Empirical evidence on the performance of the polygraph and the success of subjects' countermeasures. The actual use of the polygraph in the arena of national security, including its role in deterring threats to security. The book addresses the difficulties of measuring polygraph accuracy, the usefulness of the technique for aiding interrogation and for deterrence, and includes potential alternativesâ€"such as voice-stress analysis and brain measurement techniques.

Forensic Neuropsychology

Forensic Neuropsychology PDF Author: Glenn J. Larrabee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199920893
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 547

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Book Description
With increasing frequency neuropsychologists are being asked to serve as experts in court cases where judgements must be made as to the cause of, and prognosis for brain diseases and injuries. This book describes the application of neuropsychology to legal issues in both the civil and criminal courts. It emphasizes a scientific basis of neuropsychology. All of the contributors are recognized as scientist-clinicians. The chapters cover common forensic issues such as appropriate scientific reasoning, the assessment of malingering, productive attorney-neuropsychologist interactions, and ethics. Also, covered are the determination of damages in personal injury litigation, including pediatric brain injury, mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury in adults (with an introduction to life care planning); neurotoxic injury; and forensic assessment of medically unexplained symptoms. Civil competencies in the elderly persons with dementia are addressed a separate chapter, and two chapters deal with the assessment of competency and responsibility in criminal forensic neuropsychology. This volume will be an invaluable resource for neuropsychologists, attorneys, neurologists, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and their students and trainees.

A Tremor In The Blood

A Tremor In The Blood PDF Author: David T. Lykken
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 360

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Book Description
The author presents case histories of persons whose lives have been blighted by our uniquely American faith in the myth of the lie detector. Dr. Lykken also explains how to "beat" the machine, not only because it is unfair that spies and Mafia soldiers already know these techniques, but also because innocent persons have nearly a 50:50 chance of failing lie detector tests unless they use appropriate countermeasures. Many state courts in the U.S. still admit lie detector tests into evidence under certain conditions - a practice that ensures the conviction of more innocent people every year. Finally, Dr. Lykken reports on the results of recent surveys of informed scientific opinion about lie detection and presents another method of polygraphic interrogation that is designed to detect, not lies, but the presence of guilty knowledge. This method is scientifically credible and holds promise for future use in criminal investigation.

Detecting Deception

Detecting Deception PDF Author: Pär Anders Granhag
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118509668
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description
Detecting Deception offers a state-of-the-art guide to the detection of deception with a focus on the ways in which new cognitive psychology-based approaches can improve practice and results in the field. Includes comprehensive coverage of the latest scientific developments in the detection of deception and their implications for real-world practice Examines current challenges in the field - such as counter-interrogation strategies, lying networks, cross-cultural deception, and discriminating between true and false intentions Reveals a host of new approaches based on cognitive psychology with the potential to improve practice and results, including the strategic use of evidence, imposing cognitive load, response times, and covert lie detection Features contributions from internationally renowned experts

Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence

Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Evidence, Expert
Languages : en
Pages : 652

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Book Description


Scientific Validity of Polygraph Testing

Scientific Validity of Polygraph Testing PDF Author: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781410210708
Category : Lie detectors and detection
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This technical memorandum presents the results of the Office of Technology Assessment's (OTA) review and assessment of the scientific evidence on the validity of polygraph testing. OTA has limited this technical memorandum to issues directly related to the scientific validity of the polygraph. OTA did not consider utility, privacy, constitutional, and ethical issues, among others that have been raised in the debate over polygraph testing. We first discuss the various types of polygraph testing procedures and ways in which the polygraph is used, and then summarize the judicial, legislative, and scientific controversy over polygraph testing validity. Next, we review and evaluate both prior reviews of the scientific research on polygraph validity and the individual research studies. Finally, we discuss the range of factors that may affect polygraph validity and the possibilities for future research, and present OTA's conclusions about the scientific evidence for current and proposed Federal Government polygraph use. In preparing this memorandum, OTA has drawn on research information available from a wide variety of sources, including the major Federal Government polygraph users, the American Polygraph Association, various private polygraph practitioners, and polygraph researchers both in the United States and abroad.

Credibility Assessment

Credibility Assessment PDF Author: J.C. Yuille
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401578567
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 210

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Book Description
Credibility assessment refers to any attempt to ascertain truthfulness. Other terms which have been used to refer to the assessment of credibility include the detection of deception and lie detection. The term lie detection has become virtually synonymous with the use of the polygraph and can no longer be used to refer to the range of procedures currently employed to assess credibility. Also, both lie detection and the detection of deception have a negative cast which does not fully capture the orientation of current approaches to credibility. Consequently, the term credibility assessment has emerged recently as the preferred label. The goal of credibility assessment is typically the determination of the truth of a statement or be found in set of statements. The need or desire to make such an assessment can every human context from marital relations through clinical examinations to police and court interrogations. Examples of the kinds of statements which require credibility assessment are: 1) A child's assertion that she or he has been sexually abused. 2) The claim by a previously suicidal person that he or she has recovered and will not attempt suicide again. 3) The denial of guilt by a suspect in a criminal investigation. 4 ) The confident statement of a witness that he or she is sure in his or her identification of a thief. 5) The vow of loyalty by a potential employee for a security job. It is necessary to assess the credibility of these and similar statements.

Detecting Concealed Information and Deception

Detecting Concealed Information and Deception PDF Author: J. Peter Rosenfeld
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128127309
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 460

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Book Description
Detecting Concealed Information and Deception: Recent Developments assembles contributions from the world's leading experts on all aspects of concealed information detection. This reference examines an array of different methods—behavioral, verbal interview and physiological—of detecting concealed information. Chapters from leading legal authorities address how to make use of detected information for present and future legal purposes. With a theoretical and empirical foundation, the book also covers new human interviewing techniques, including the highly influential Implicit Association Test among others. - Presents research from Concealed Information Test (CIT) studies - Explores the legal implications and admissibility of the CIT - Covers EEG, event-related brain potentials (ERP) and autonomic detection measures - Reviews multiple verbal lie detection tools - Discusses ocular movements during deception and evasion - Identifies how to perceive malicious intentions - Explores personality dimensions associated with deception, including religion, age and gender

Forensic Psychophysiology Using the Polygraph

Forensic Psychophysiology Using the Polygraph PDF Author: James Allan Matté
Publisher: J.A.M. Publications
ISBN: 9780965579407
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 812

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Book Description
Carefully and succinctly explores polygraph law, history, and science. For related material, see Hein Item #327060.