Sacheen Lake Phase II Restoration Project: Water quality of Sacheen Lake, WA during and after a whole lake herbicide application PDF Download
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Category : Eurasian watermilfoil
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
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Category : Eurasian watermilfoil
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Darren J. Lantzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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"Sacheen Lake is located in the southern end of Pend Oreille County in northeastern Washington. The lake has three primary tributaries: Moon, Cedar and un-named (Jungle) creeks. The outlet of the lake becomes the headwaters to the West Branch of the Little Spokane River. Sacheen Lake quality has declined as evidenced by increasing algal blooms, expanding macrophyte beds and lack of dissolved oxygen in the hypolimnion (Soltero et al., 1991). This 1994/1995 study was undertaken to expand on existing baseline conditions prior to herbicide treatment for the eradication of Myriophyllum spicatum. Specifically, this investigation: 1) established physical and chemical characteristics of the lake, the surface tributaries and the outlet; 2) quantified and qualified the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities; and 3) compared 1990/1991 lake conditions with that observed during this study. Anoxia persisted in the hypolimnion during summer stratification. Reducing conditions resulted in elevated levels of ammonia nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus and silica in the hypolimnion. Hydrogen sulfide was also noted in the bottom waters during the summer. Geometric means for fecal coliform were typically low in the lake. However, elevated fecal coliform counts were found in some of the surface tributaries (i.e., un-named and Cedar creeks). The phytoplankton community was dominated by the Bacillariophyceae, followed by the Cyanophyceae and Cryptophyceae. The annual mean chlorophyll a̲ was 3.91 mg/m3 and mean primary productivity for the year was estimated at 0.20 g C/m2/day. The zooplankton community was dominated by copepods followed by rotifers and then cladocerans. The surface tributaries were determined to be the largest contributor of total phosphorus (TP) load to the lake, with Moon Creek contributing 89.1 percent of the total followed by un-named creek (4.9%) and Cedar Creek (2.5%). The second largest source of TP loading was from in-lake sources with anaerobic sediment release being the largest contributor of phosphorus, followed by macrophyte decay and aerobic sediment releases. The only loss of TP load from the lake was assumed to be through the outlet"--Document.
Author: David T. Knight (water quality scientist.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Eutrophication
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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"Sacheen Lake is located in Pend Oreille County, Washington and has a watershed that is predominantly forest and unproductive. Residential development and agriculture land use in the drainage basin account for one and thirteen percent, respectively. The majority of the shoreline homes are occupied seasonally and during the summer months recreational use is heavy. The Sacheen Lake community recognizes that their lake's quality has declined and is on the verge of serious deterioration. Increasing frequency of algal blooms, expanding beds of macrophytes, the lack of dissolved oxygen in the bottom and a concern for potential bacterial contamination has led to these observations. This study was undertaken to establish baseline water quality data for future comparison, to determine the source(s) of nutrient loading, to describe the aquatic macrophyte community and to extensively review methodology to determine feasible recommendations for lake restoration. Three in-lake stations, seven sampling sites located on the three tributaries and one site on the outlet were monitored for selected physical, chemical and biological parameters. Sacheen Lake is a dimictic lake. Thermal stratification was accompanied by a clinograde oxygen distribution with bottom anoxia and hydrogen sulfide buildup throughout the growing season. The lake was classified as being mesotrophic to eutrophic. Phosphorus (P) was determined to be the limiting nutrient for algal productivity. A shoreline wastewater leachate survey did not conclusively implicate failure of treatment systems. Comparison of present and previous studies of Sacheen Lake substantiates that water quality is poor. Macrophyte standing crop was extensive from the shoreline to the four meter depth. Potomogeton robbinsii was the predominant plant accounting for 68.1 percent of the total biomass (dry weight) followed by Myriophyllum spicatum (22.1%), and Elodea canadensis (5.9%). Dense beds of M. spicatum apparently interfere with recreational use of the lake. A mathematical model was used to evaluate phosphorus management options that might be implemented to sustain and/or improve Sacheen Lake quality. Moon Creek was found to be the largest source of P to the lake. Effecting best management practices along with reduction of the macrophyte standing crop and sewering around the lake would effectively reduce phosphorus input into the lake. Enactment of these measures would reduce phosphorus levels to where a mesotrophic status could be attained. Sacheen Lake with its dense stands of M. spicatum posses a serious threat to downstream water quality. The species specific herbicide Sonar® was recommended to bring about the eradication of this noxious weed. This restoration approach also minimizes the downstream spread of the plant"--Document.
Author: Raymond A. Soltero
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Eutrophication
Languages : en
Pages : 531
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Author: Diana L. Richards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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"Prior investigation of Sacheen Lake showed it to be on the verge of eutrophy with phosphorus limiting algal growth. Three surface tributaries, sampled near their mouths, were found to be the largest single source of phosphorus to the lake (53.7%). The present investigation was undertaken to identify sources of non-point phosphorus loading by sampling throughout the watershed. Moon Creek was still found to be the largest contributor of phosphorus load (81.9%) to the lake. Areas within the Moon Creek drainage that contributed high loads were the sub-drainages of study sites MC4, MC6 and MC7. Installing fences in order to restrict livestock from streamside areas is a common Best Management Practice and would be very effective in the MC7 sub-drainage where cattle predominate. Although the sub- drainages of MC4 and MC6 contain fewer livestock, the fencing technique would also be beneficial in these areas as well. Unnamed Creek contributed the second greatest total phosphorus load to the lake (10.3%). Due to the subterranian nature of Unnamed Creek, only one site was monitored. Hence, it was difficult to determine if the TP load was attributed to natural or cultural sources. However, it is also important that Best Management Practices be implemented in this creek's watershed. Cedar Creek had some of the highest total phosphorus concentrations of the study, but because of the low flows in this creek, the phosphorus loading to the lake was minimal. Cedar Creek is in 100 percent forest, and timber harvesting is the major land use activity in the area. Reducing phosphorus loading associated with sediments will require careful timing of timber harvest, replacing vegetative cover as soon as possible after harvest and placing logging roads more carefully"--Document.
Author: Raymond A. Soltero
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sacheen Lake (Wash.)
Languages : en
Pages : 135
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Author: Washington (State)
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Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Includes extra sessions.
Author: H. Sawada
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431669825
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
Ascidians are the invertebrate group that gave rise to vertebrates, thus the biology of ascidians provides an essential key to understanding both invertebrates and vertebrates. This book is the first to cover all areas of ascidian biology, including development, evolution, biologically active substances, heavy metal accumulation, asexual reproduction, host-defense mechanisms, allorecognition mechanisms, comparative immunology, neuroscience, taxonomy, ecology, genome science, and food science. The 69 articles that make up the collection were contributed by leading ascidiologists from all over the world who participated in the First International Symposium on the Biology of Ascidians, held in June 2000 in Sapporo, Japan. For scientists and students alike, the book is an invaluable source of information from the latest, most comprehensive studies of ascidian biology.
Author: Norman John Berrill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sea squirts
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Author: Jim Cymbala
Publisher: HarperChristian Resources
ISBN: 0310694876
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Discover how prayer can completely transform your life and put you in the presence of God's throne of grace. Hebrews 4:16 says you can always "approach God's throne of grace with confidence," knowing that you will "receive mercy and find grace" to help you in your time of need. That promise is so immense it's difficult for us to understand. In this six-session video-based Bible study (DVD/digital video sold separately), Pastor Jim Cymbala explores how God promises in his Word to always hear you, answer you, and extend his mercy when you come to him. As you pray with faith, he will provide his perfect peace and "meet all your needs according to the riches of his glory" (Philippians 4:19). You will find that approaching God's throne of grace will change your life and circumstances like nothing else--and that when you and other believers call on his name, powerful things happen in the world! Featuring teachings by Jim Cymbala and interviews with ordinary people who received extraordinary answers to their prayers, this study includes video teaching notes, Bible exploration questions, and personal study and reflection materials for in-between group sessions. Sessions include: The Throne of Grace Receiving Mercy Perfect Peace from God Praying with Faith God Brings the Answer The Church that Prays Together Designed for use with the Life-Changing Prayer Video Study (sold separately).
