Russian Supply Efforts in America During the First World War PDF Download
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Author: Dale C. Rielage
Publisher: McFarland
ISBN: 9780786413379
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
When Russia entered World War I, its government was unprepared for the strains that modern warfare would impose on its industrial resources. Russia turned to foreign suppliers, most significantly the United States, and made extensive purchases largely financed by loans from the British. The Imperial Russian government's efforts to procure much-needed military supplies in the American market before and after America's entry into World War I are the focus of this work. It reveals the disorder that characterized the first Russian purchasing efforts in America in 1914 when the full demand had not yet been felt, and how these efforts were transformed by the shell crisis of 1915 and the involvement of representatives of the zemstvos and industry in the formal overseas purchasing process. This book also looks at Russia's dependence on the British for funding, the mature phase of purchasing in mid-1916, a single order placed by the zemstvo movement with the American Locomotive Company, the Russian Supply Commission's struggle to deal with America's entry into the war, and the collapse of Russia's Imperial and Provisional governments.
Author: Dale C. Rielage
Publisher: McFarland
ISBN: 9780786413379
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
When Russia entered World War I, its government was unprepared for the strains that modern warfare would impose on its industrial resources. Russia turned to foreign suppliers, most significantly the United States, and made extensive purchases largely financed by loans from the British. The Imperial Russian government's efforts to procure much-needed military supplies in the American market before and after America's entry into World War I are the focus of this work. It reveals the disorder that characterized the first Russian purchasing efforts in America in 1914 when the full demand had not yet been felt, and how these efforts were transformed by the shell crisis of 1915 and the involvement of representatives of the zemstvos and industry in the formal overseas purchasing process. This book also looks at Russia's dependence on the British for funding, the mature phase of purchasing in mid-1916, a single order placed by the zemstvo movement with the American Locomotive Company, the Russian Supply Commission's struggle to deal with America's entry into the war, and the collapse of Russia's Imperial and Provisional governments.
Author: Jamie H. Cockfield
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN: 0312220820
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
In 1916, in an exchange of human flesh for war material, the Russian government sent to France two brigades to fight on the side of their French allies. By the end of World War I, these two brigades had experienced their own form of the Russian Revolution, had been isolated at a southern training post in a discipline move by the French government, had battled against each other in what was one of the first confrontations of the Russian Civil War, and had emerged from the conflict as a single force, the Russian Legion of Honor, which would remain loyal to France until the end of the war. The remarkable story of these Russian soldiers has been overlooked by historians until now. Jamie Cockfield here explores the journey and transformation of these men, and in so doing, he examines the impact of the revolution on the Russians who were caught in the middle of wartime alliances and nationalist ardor.
Author: Sean McMeekin
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674072332
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
The catastrophe of the First World War, and the destruction, revolution, and enduring hostilities it wrought, make the issue of its origins a perennial puzzle. Since World War II, Germany has been viewed as the primary culprit. Now, in a major reinterpretation of the conflict, Sean McMeekin rejects the standard notions of the war’s beginning as either a Germano-Austrian preemptive strike or a “tragedy of miscalculation.” Instead, he proposes that the key to the outbreak of violence lies in St. Petersburg. It was Russian statesmen who unleashed the war through conscious policy decisions based on imperial ambitions in the Near East. Unlike their civilian counterparts in Berlin, who would have preferred to localize the Austro-Serbian conflict, Russian leaders desired a more general war so long as British participation was assured. The war of 1914 was launched at a propitious moment for harnessing the might of Britain and France to neutralize the German threat to Russia’s goal: partitioning the Ottoman Empire to ensure control of the Straits between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Nearly a century has passed since the guns fell silent on the western front. But in the lands of the former Ottoman Empire, World War I smolders still. Sunnis and Shiites, Arabs and Jews, and other regional antagonists continue fighting over the last scraps of the Ottoman inheritance. As we seek to make sense of these conflicts, McMeekin’s powerful exposé of Russia’s aims in the First World War will illuminate our understanding of the twentieth century.
Author: Peter Gatrell
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317881397
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
The story of Russia’s First World War remains largely unknown, neglected by historians who have been more interested in the grand drama that unfolded in 1917. In Russia’s First World War: A Social and Economic History Peter Gatrell shows that war is itself ‘revolutionary’ – rupturing established social and economic ties, but also creating new social and economic relationships, affiliations, practices and opportunities. Russia’s First World War brings together the findings of Russian and non-Russian historians, and draws upon fresh research. It turns the spotlight on what Churchill called the ‘unknown war’, providing an authoritative account that finally does justice to the impact of war on Russia’s home front
Author: Carl J. Richard
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1442219890
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
One of the earliest U.S. counterinsurgency campaigns outside the Western Hemisphere, the Siberian intervention was a harbinger of policies to come. At the height of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson dispatched thousands of American soldiers to Siberia, and continued the intervention for a year and a half after the armistice in order to overthrow the Bolsheviks and to prevent the Japanese from absorbing eastern Siberia. Its tragic legacy can be found in the seeds of World War II, and in the Cold War.
Author: A. F. Chew
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428915982
Category : Soviet Union
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Author: Spencer C. Tucker
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
With its authoritative reference entries, multiple introductory and perspective essays, primary source documents, detailed chronology, and bibliography, this single-volume reference provides all the key information readers need to understand this monumental conflict. World War I was an epic conflict that toppled centuries-old empires, transformed the Middle East and Russia, and helped elevate the United States to prominence as a world power. In essence, understanding the reasons for and outcomes of the First World War provides a cornerstone for knowledge of all modern history. In World War I: The Essential Reference Guide, detailed reference entries, a comprehensive overview essay, plus additional examinations of the causes and consequences of the conflict provide readers with the context needed to understand all aspects of World War I. Important primary source documents like the Zimmerman Telegram and Balfour Declaration are included and accompanied by explanations that supply readers with key historical perspective. Biographies on major political and military leaders, such as Wilhelm II, Woodrow Wilson, Nicholas II, John Pershing, and Ferdinand Foch, offer insight into the people who played key roles in the conflict. Entries on the key confrontations of the war—many accompanied by maps—showcase the strategies of both sides in their attempts to emerge victorious, and the bibliography presents a wealth of options to students looking to conduct further research on World War I.
Author: David R. Stone
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
ISBN: 0700633081
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
A full century later, our picture of World War I remains one of wholesale, pointless slaughter in the trenches of the Western front. Expanding our focus to the Eastern front, as David R. Stone does in this masterly work, fundamentally alters—and clarifies—that picture. A thorough, and thoroughly readable, history of the Russian front during the First World War, this book corrects widespread misperceptions of the Russian Army and the war in the east even as it deepens and extends our understanding of the broader conflict. Of the four empires at war by the end of 1914—the Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, German, and Russian—none survived. But specific political, social, and economic weaknesses shaped the way Russia collapsed and returned as a radically new Soviet regime. It is this context that Stone's work provides, that gives readers a more judicious view of Russia's war on the home front as well as on the front lines. One key and fateful difference in the Russian experience emerges here: its failure to systematically and comprehensively reorganize its society for war, while the three westernmost powers embarked on programs of total mobilization. Context is also vital to understanding the particular rhythm of the war in the east. Drawing on recent and newly available scholarship in Russian and in English, Stone offers a nuanced account of Russia's military operations, concentrating on the uninterrupted sequence of campaigns in the first 18 months of war. The eastern empires' race to collapse underlines the critical importance of contingency in the complete story of World War I. Precisely when and how Russia lost the war was influenced by the structural strengths and weaknesses of its social and economic system, but also by the outcome of events on the battlefield. By bringing these events into focus, and putting them into context, this book corrects and enriches our picture of World War I, and of the true strengths and weaknesses, triumphs and successes of the Russian Army in the Great War.
Author: George Kennan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Siberia
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
Author: W. Bruce Lincoln
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 664
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Book Description
Invaded by foreign armies and threatened by the terrors of civil strife, Russia's leaders mobilized more than fifteen million fighting men between 1914 and 1918 only to find that at least a quarter of them had no boots, rifles, or ammunition. With field casualties soaring into the millions, scourges of starvation and disease joined the enemy's guns to double and treble Russia's human losses. Never in modern history had war so devastated a nation. Recounting the tale of the Russians' passage through the shattering experience of the First World War and the revolutions of 1917, W. Bruce Lincoln offers a profoundly intelligent and detailed chronology of the watershed events and devastating hardships that led to the Bolshevik Revolution. Mining an abundance of resources, including letters, diaries, memoirs, government reports, military dispatches, and testimony given to the revolution's first Supreme Commission of Inquiry, he allows the reader to step directly into army headquarters, state council chambers, boudoirs, trenches, and underground revolutionary hideaways of the men and women who shaped the events of this crucial era.
