Review on Metallization in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells PDF Download
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Author: S. Saravanan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Solar cell market is led by silicon photovoltaics and holds around 92% of the total market. Silicon solar cell fabrication process involves several critical steps which affects cell efficiency to large extent. This includes surface texturization, diffusion, antireflective coatings, and contact metallization. Among the critical processes, metallization is more significant. By optimizing contact metallization, electrical and optical losses of the solar cells can be reduced or controlled. Conventional and advanced silicon solar cell processes are discussed briefly. Subsequently, different metallization technologies used for front contacts in conventional silicon solar cells such as screen printing and nickel/copper plating are reviewed in detail. Rear metallization is important to improve efficiency in passivated emitter rear contact cells and interdigitated back contact cells. Current models on local Al contact formation in passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) cells are reviewed, and the influence of process parameters on the formation of local Al contacts is discussed. Also, the contact mechanism and the influence of metal contacts in interdigitated back contact (IBC) cells are reviewed briefly. The research highlights on metallization of conventional screen printed solar cells are compared with PERC and IBC cells.
Author: S. Saravanan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Solar cell market is led by silicon photovoltaics and holds around 92% of the total market. Silicon solar cell fabrication process involves several critical steps which affects cell efficiency to large extent. This includes surface texturization, diffusion, antireflective coatings, and contact metallization. Among the critical processes, metallization is more significant. By optimizing contact metallization, electrical and optical losses of the solar cells can be reduced or controlled. Conventional and advanced silicon solar cell processes are discussed briefly. Subsequently, different metallization technologies used for front contacts in conventional silicon solar cells such as screen printing and nickel/copper plating are reviewed in detail. Rear metallization is important to improve efficiency in passivated emitter rear contact cells and interdigitated back contact cells. Current models on local Al contact formation in passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) cells are reviewed, and the influence of process parameters on the formation of local Al contacts is discussed. Also, the contact mechanism and the influence of metal contacts in interdigitated back contact (IBC) cells are reviewed briefly. The research highlights on metallization of conventional screen printed solar cells are compared with PERC and IBC cells.
Author: Thorsten Dullweber
Publisher: IET
ISBN: 183953155X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 569
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Book Description
Metallization is a key step in manufacturing of efficient and reliable solar cells. Written by world-wide renowned experts, this work covers metallization technologies, before describing ongoing R&D activities for the most relevant silicon solar cells metallization technologies. Later chapters deal with aspects of solar cell modules.
Author: Jonas Martin Bartsch
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783843902922
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Author: Martin A. Green
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN: 3035739641
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The early chapters comprehensively review the optical and transport properties of silicon. Light trapping is described in detail. Limits on the efficiency of silicon cells are discussed as well as material requirements necessary to approach these limits. The status of current approaches to passifying surfaces, contacts and bulk regions is reviewed. The final section of the book describes the most practical approaches to the fabrication of high-efficiency cells capable of meeting the efficiency targets for both concentrated and non-concentrated sunlight, including a discussion of design and processing approaches for non-crystalline silicon.
Author: Antonio Luque
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470721693
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1172
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Book Description
The most comprehensive, authoritative and widely cited reference on photovoltaic solar energy Fully revised and updated, the Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Second Edition incorporates the substantial technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics since its previous release. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed with contributions by distinguished international experts in the field. Significant new coverage includes: three completely new chapters and six chapters with new authors device structures, processing, and manufacturing options for the three major thin film PV technologies high performance approaches for multijunction, concentrator, and space applications new types of organic polymer and dye-sensitized solar cells economic analysis of various policy options to stimulate PV growth including effect of public and private investment Detailed treatment covers: scientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation the production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules how choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance making measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance photovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries. architectural applications of building-integrated PV Each chapter is structured to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this is a leading reference and invaluable resource for all practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV industry.
Author: W.R. Fahrner
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN: 3038131024
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
The world of today must face up to two contradictory energy problems: on the one hand, there is the sharply growing consumer demand in countries such as China and India. On the other hand, natural resources are dwindling. Moreover, many of those countries which still possess substantial gas and oil supplies are politically unstable. As a result, renewable natural energy sources have received great attention. Among these, solar-cell technology is one of the most promising candidates. However, there still remains the problem of the manufacturing costs of such cells. Many attempts have been made to reduce the production costs of conventional solar cells (manufactured from monocrystalline silicon using diffusion methods) by instead using cheaper grades of silicon, and simpler pn-junction fabrication. That is the hero of this book; the heterojunction solar cell.
Author: Nafis Iqbal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Solar energy is one of the fastest growing forms of energy generation due to its low cost, lack of emissions, minimal maintenance, and excellent durability. However, like any other technology, it is also not free from defects and degradation, which limit its performance in the real world. Most of the degradation is related to metal contacts, which also happens to be one of the most expensive items in manufacturing, comprising almost half of the cost of converting a silicon wafer into a photovoltaic (PV) cell. Therefore, studying contact degradation to make them reliable and free of defects is the key to achieving high energy yields. High efficiency PV modules that are both cheap and reliable with an extended lifetime ultimately reduce the levelized cost of energy. This study aims to characterize contact degradation in solar cells to identify the root causes of performance losses and develop alternate solutions to metallization. Electrical and optical characterizations were performed on both accelerated aged and field exposed solar cells and modules to look for specific performance losses. Furthermore, materials characterization was performed on selected samples to understand the potential root causes and factors affecting the degradation. Unencapsulated solar cells mainly consisting of newer cell technologies and metallization were exposed to acetic acid to simulate field conditions and understand the effect on contact corrosion. Finally, a low-cost novel contact technology called the "transferred foil contact" was developed that can be used as the back contact of a highly efficient silicon heterojunction solar cell, to minimize recombination, and potentially combine cell metallization and interconnection. An overview of the solar energy history and current state-of-the-art is first discussed, followed by a chapter on solar cell device physics and contact technology. The following chapters discuss the different degradation mechanisms in terms of the process-structure-properties relationships of the PV materials. iii
Author: Matthias Hörteis
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783893180585
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781629935775
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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