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Author: Ernest Davis
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 148322113X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
Representations of Commonsense Knowledge provides a rich language for expressing commonsense knowledge and inference techniques for carrying out commonsense knowledge. This book provides a survey of the research on commonsense knowledge. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the basic ideas on artificial intelligence commonsense reasoning. This text then examines the structure of logic, which is roughly analogous to that of a programming language. Other chapters describe how rules of universal validity can be applied to facts known with absolute certainty to deduce other facts known with absolute certainty. This book discusses as well some prominent issues in plausible inference. The final chapter deals with commonsense knowledge about the interrelations and interactions among agents and discusses some issues in human and social interactions that have been studied in the artificial intelligence literature. This book is a valuable resource for students on a graduate course on knowledge representation.
Author: Ernest Davis
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 148322113X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
Representations of Commonsense Knowledge provides a rich language for expressing commonsense knowledge and inference techniques for carrying out commonsense knowledge. This book provides a survey of the research on commonsense knowledge. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the basic ideas on artificial intelligence commonsense reasoning. This text then examines the structure of logic, which is roughly analogous to that of a programming language. Other chapters describe how rules of universal validity can be applied to facts known with absolute certainty to deduce other facts known with absolute certainty. This book discusses as well some prominent issues in plausible inference. The final chapter deals with commonsense knowledge about the interrelations and interactions among agents and discusses some issues in human and social interactions that have been studied in the artificial intelligence literature. This book is a valuable resource for students on a graduate course on knowledge representation.
Author: Ronald Brachman
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 1558609326
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Knowledge representation is at the very core of a radical idea for understanding intelligence. This book talks about the central concepts of knowledge representation developed over the years. It is suitable for researchers and practitioners in database management, information retrieval, object-oriented systems and artificial intelligence.
Author: Erik T. Mueller
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080476619
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 431
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Book Description
To endow computers with common sense is one of the major long-term goals of Artificial Intelligence research. One approach to this problem is to formalize commonsense reasoning using mathematical logic. Commonsense Reasoning is a detailed, high-level reference on logic-based commonsense reasoning. It uses the event calculus, a highly powerful and usable tool for commonsense reasoning, which Erik T. Mueller demonstrates as the most effective tool for the broadest range of applications. He provides an up-to-date work promoting the use of the event calculus for commonsense reasoning, and bringing into one place information scattered across many books and papers. Mueller shares the knowledge gained in using the event calculus and extends the literature with detailed event calculus solutions to problems that span many areas of the commonsense world. - Covers key areas of commonsense reasoning including action, change, defaults, space, and mental states. - The first full book on commonsense reasoning to use the event calculus. - Contextualizes the event calculus within the framework of commonsense reasoning, introducing the event calculus as the best method overall. - Focuses on how to use the event calculus formalism to perform commonsense reasoning, while existing papers and books examine the formalisms themselves. - Includes fully worked out proofs and circumscriptions for every example.
Author: Frank van Harmelen
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080557023
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1035
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Book Description
Handbook of Knowledge Representation describes the essential foundations of Knowledge Representation, which lies at the core of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The book provides an up-to-date review of twenty-five key topics in knowledge representation, written by the leaders of each field. It includes a tutorial background and cutting-edge developments, as well as applications of Knowledge Representation in a variety of AI systems. This handbook is organized into three parts. Part I deals with general methods in Knowledge Representation and reasoning and covers such topics as classical logic in Knowledge Representation; satisfiability solvers; description logics; constraint programming; conceptual graphs; nonmonotonic reasoning; model-based problem solving; and Bayesian networks. Part II focuses on classes of knowledge and specialized representations, with chapters on temporal representation and reasoning; spatial and physical reasoning; reasoning about knowledge and belief; temporal action logics; and nonmonotonic causal logic. Part III discusses Knowledge Representation in applications such as question answering; the semantic web; automated planning; cognitive robotics; multi-agent systems; and knowledge engineering. This book is an essential resource for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in knowledge representation and AI. * Make your computer smarter* Handle qualitative and uncertain information* Improve computational tractability to solve your problems easily
Author: Mircea Gh. Negoita
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540301348
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 962
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Book Description
We were very pleased to once again extend to the delegates and, we are pleased to th say, our friends the warmest of welcomes to the 8 International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems at Wellington - stitute of Technology in Wellington, New Zealand. The KES conferences attract a wide range of interest. The broad focus of the c- ference series is the theory and applications of computational intelligence and em- gent technologies. Once purely a research field, intelligent systems have advanced to the point where their abilities have been incorporated into many conventional appli- tion areas. The quest to encapsulate human knowledge and capabilities in domains such as reasoning, problem solving, sensory analysis, and other complex areas has been avidly pursued. This is because it has been demonstrated that these abilities have definite practical applications. The techniques long ago reached the point where they are being exploited to provide commercial advantages for companies and real beneficial effects on profits. KES 2004 provided a valuable mechanism for delegates to obtain a profound view of the latest intelligent systems research into a range of - gorithms, tools and techniques. KES 2004 also gave delegates the chance to come into contact with those applying intelligent systems in diverse commercial areas. The combination of theory and practice represents a uniquely valuable opportunity for - preciating the full spectrum of intelligent-systems activity and the “state of the art”.
Author: Kenneth D. Forbus
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262038943
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 441
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Book Description
An argument that qualitative representations—symbolic representations that carve continuous phenomena into meaningful units—are central to human cognition. In this book, Kenneth Forbus proposes that qualitative representations hold the key to one of the deepest mysteries of cognitive science: how we reason and learn about the continuous phenomena surrounding us. Forbus argues that qualitative representations—symbolic representations that carve continuous phenomena into meaningful units—are central to human cognition. Qualitative representations provide a basis for commonsense reasoning, because they enable practical reasoning with very little data; this makes qualitative representations a useful component of natural language semantics. Qualitative representations also provide a foundation for expert reasoning in science and engineering by making explicit the broad categories of things that might happen and enabling causal models that help guide the application of more quantitative knowledge as needed. Qualitative representations are important for creating more human-like artificial intelligence systems with capabilities for spatial reasoning, vision, question answering, and understanding natural language. Forbus discusses, among other topics, basic ideas of knowledge representation and reasoning; qualitative process theory; qualitative simulation and reasoning about change; compositional modeling; qualitative spatial reasoning; and learning and conceptual change. His argument is notable both for presenting an approach to qualitative reasoning in which analogical reasoning and learning play crucial roles and for marshaling a wide variety of evidence, including the performance of AI systems. Cognitive scientists will find Forbus's account of qualitative representations illuminating; AI scientists will value Forbus's new approach to qualitative representations and the overview he offers.
Author: Jerry R. Hobbs
Publisher: Intellect Books
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
This volume is a collection of original contributions about the core knowledge in fundamental domains. It includes work on naive physics, such as formal specifications of intuitive theories of spatial relations, time causality, substance and physical objects, and on naive psychology.
Author: Ivana Marková
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107002559
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
Marková offers a dialogical perspective to problems in daily life and professional practices involving communication, care, and therapy.
Author: Douglas B. Lenat
Publisher: Addison Wesley Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Chapter one presents the Cyc "philosophy" or paradigm. Chapter 2 presents a global overview of Cyc, including its representation language, the ontology f its knowledge base, and teh environment which it functions. Chapter 3 goes into much more detail on the representation language, including the structure and function of Cyc's metalevel agenda mechanism. Chapter 4 presents heuristics for ontological engineering, the pricnples upon whcihc Cyc's ontology is based. Chapter 5 the provides a glimpse into the global ontology of knowledge. Chapter 6 explains how we "solve" (i.e., adequately handle) the various tough representation thorns (substances, time, space, structures, composite mental/physical objects, beliefs, uncertainty, etc. ). Chapter 7 surveys the mistakes that new knowledge tnereres most often commit. Chapter 8, the concluding chapter, includes a brief status report on the project, and a statement of goals and a timetable for the coming five years.
Author: Renée Elio
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195147669
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
While common sense and rationality have often been viewed as two distinct features in a unified cognitive map, this volume engages with this notion and comes up with novel and often paradoxical views of this relationship.
