Report of the South African Observer Mission to the Presidential Elections in Zimbabwe, 9-11 March 2002 Leader S M Motsuenyane PDF Download
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Author: South African Observer Mission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
Author: South African Observer Mission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 37
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: S.M. Motsuenyane
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Election monitoring
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
Author: South African Observer Mission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Election monitoring
Languages : en
Pages : 25
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Book Description
Author: Electoral Institute of South Africa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Elections
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
Author: Commonwealth Observer Group
Publisher: Commonwealth Secretariat
ISBN: 9780850927184
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
These Election Reports are the observations, conclusions and recommendations of Commonwealth Observer Groups. The Secretary-General constitutes these observer missions at the request of governments and with the agreement of all significant political parties. At the end of a mission, a report is submitted to the Secretary-General, who makes it available to the government of the country in question, the political parties concerned and to all Commonwealth governments. The report eventually becomes a public document.
Author: Matthew Graham
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857739484
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
The emergence of a 'new' democratic South Africa under Nelson Mandela was regarded as a high watermark for international ideals of human rights and democracy. Much was expected of the ANC in power, particularly that it would be able to translate its ideals into a coherent foreign policy for the African continent. Yet its foreign policy since 1994 has been mired in accusations of incoherence, contradiction and failure. Here, based on extensive archival research and interviews, Matthew Graham offers new ways of interpreting South Africa's foreign policy by investigating the continuities and discontinuities of the ANC's international relations - from exile to political power. Charting the political intrigues during the country's transition from apartheid, and the subsequent influences on Presidents Mandela and Mbeki, The Crisis of South African Foreign Policy makes a vital contribution to our understanding of why post-apartheid South Africa has failed to lead Africa on the world stage.
Author: OisÃn Tansey
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019968362X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
Autocrats must overcome a range of challenges as they seek to gain and maintain political power, including the threat that comes from both rival elites and discontented publics. The International Politics of Authoritarian Rule examines the ways in which international forces can encourage and assist autocratic actors in overcoming these challenges. Often, autocratic incumbents are strengthened in power by events on the international stage and by the active support of international allies. The book offers a typology of different international forms of influence on authoritarianism, and examines the ways in which external forces shape autocratic rule at the domestic level. The typology distinguishes between three broad forms of international influence: passive influences, unintended consequences, and active forms of external autocratic sponsorship. The book focuses in particular on the latter category, and examines intentional autocratic sponsorship in the post-Cold War period. A central contribution of the book is to address the question of how international autocratic sponsorship can bolster authoritarian rule. It highlights the ways in which international sponsorship can contribute to authoritarian practices is three significant ways: by increasing the likelihood that authoritarian regimes will pursue 'authoritarian practices' (such as coups, repression or election fraud), by contributing to the implementation of those practices, and finally by shielding autocratic actors from international punishment after such practices are pursued. External sponsorship can thus lower the costs of authoritarian behaviour, and protect and shield authoritarian regimes from the negative consequences of their actions. Oxford Studies in Democratization is a series for scholars and students of comparative politics and related disciplines. Volumes concentrate on the comparative study of the democratization process that accompanied the decline and termination of the cold war. The geographical focus of the series is primarily Latin America, the Caribbean, Southern and Eastern Europe, and relevant experiences in Africa and Asia. The series editor is Laurence Whitehead, Senior Research Fellow, Nuffield College, University of Oxford.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Election monitoring
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781848597822
Category : Election monitoring
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
These Election Reports are the observations, conclusions and recommendations of Commonwealth Observer Groups. The Secretary general constitutes these observer missions at the request of governments and with the agreement of all significant political parties. At the end of a mission, a report is submitted to the Secretary general, who makes it available to the government of the country in question, the political parties concerned and to all Commonwealth governments. The report eventually becomes a public document.
