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Author: Guangjun Mao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
The violent dynamical expansion of dense matter produced in heavy-ion collisions determines that the microscopic transport theories designed for it should keep the line of time evolution and medium effects, both in the in-medium particle drifting and in-medium particle-particle scatterings. A set of relativistic transport equations for particle distribution functions have thus been developed. Starting from a Lagrangian of baryons interacting through mesons, one computes Feynman diagrams up to the Born term through employing the closed time-path Green's function technique. All the ingredients of equations are derived from the same effective interaction and presented analytically. This book clearly shows how a relativistic Boltzmann equation can be deduced from a given interaction through reckoning Feynman diagrams of quantum field theory. While discussions are concentrated on the topic of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the introduced method is rather general, and may find it's application in the problems of neutrino transportation of astrophysics and electron transportation of solid-state physics.
Author: Guangjun Mao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 116
Get Book Here
Book Description
The violent dynamical expansion of dense matter produced in heavy-ion collisions determines that the microscopic transport theories designed for it should keep the line of time evolution and medium effects, both in the in-medium particle drifting and in-medium particle-particle scatterings. A set of relativistic transport equations for particle distribution functions have thus been developed. Starting from a Lagrangian of baryons interacting through mesons, one computes Feynman diagrams up to the Born term through employing the closed time-path Green's function technique. All the ingredients of equations are derived from the same effective interaction and presented analytically. This book clearly shows how a relativistic Boltzmann equation can be deduced from a given interaction through reckoning Feynman diagrams of quantum field theory. While discussions are concentrated on the topic of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the introduced method is rather general, and may find it's application in the problems of neutrino transportation of astrophysics and electron transportation of solid-state physics.
Author: Carlo Cercignani
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034881657
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
The aim of this book is to present the theory and applications of the relativistic Boltzmann equation in a self-contained manner, even for those readers who have no familiarity with special and general relativity. Though an attempt is made to present the basic concepts in a complete fashion, the style of presentation is chosen to be appealing to readers who want to understand how kinetic theory is used for explicit calculations. The book will be helpful not only as a textbook for an advanced course on relativistic kinetic theory but also as a reference for physicists, astrophysicists and applied mathematicians who are interested in the theory and applications of the relativistic Boltzmann equation.
Author: Qing-Biao Shen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031118782
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 743
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Book Description
This book provides the reader with a modern and comprehensive overview of nuclear polarization theory. The understanding of polarization phenomena greatly enriches data obtained from scattering and nuclear reactions by providing information on the interaction that can change spin orientation as well as important verification data for the study of nuclear structures and reaction mechanisms. The author methodically derives the polarization theory of nuclear reactions for various types of elastic scattering and two-body direct reactions between particles of different spin and unpolarized target nuclei with arbitrary spin, as well as the reactions between two polarized light particles and the polarization theory for photon beams. In addition, the polarization theories of relativistic nuclear reactions are rigorously covered in great scope and detail. A chapter on polarized particle transport theory presents the Monte-Carlo method for describing the transport of polarized particles and formalizes the polarized particle transport equation. Here, the author also illustrates a novel and concrete scheme for establishing a polarization nuclear database. Nuclear polarization is important not only for microscopic nuclear structure and reaction studies but also for nuclear engineering, applied nuclear physics, and medical physics. With the development of radioactive beam facilities and, on the theoretical side, the development of consistent microscopic nuclear reaction and structure theories, this book on the polarization theory of nuclear reactions serves as a timely source of reference for students and researchers alike.
Author: Teiji Kunihiro
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811681899
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 493
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Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive account of the renormalization-group (RG) method and its extension, the doublet scheme, in a geometrical point of view. It extract long timescale macroscopic/mesoscopic dynamics from microscopic equations in an intuitively understandable way rather than in a mathematically rigorous manner and introduces readers to a mathematically elementary, but useful and widely applicable technique for analyzing asymptotic solutions in mathematical models of nature. The book begins with the basic notion of the RG theory, including its connection with the separation of scales. Then it formulates the RG method as a construction method of envelopes of the naive perturbative solutions containing secular terms, and then demonstrates the formulation in various types of evolution equations. Lastly, it describes successful physical examples, such as stochastic and transport phenomena including second-order relativistic as well as nonrelativistic fluid dynamics with causality and transport phenomena in cold atoms, with extensive numerical expositions of transport coefficients and relaxation times. Requiring only an undergraduate-level understanding of physics and mathematics, the book clearly describes the notions and mathematical techniques with a wealth of examples. It is a unique and can be enlightening resource for readers who feel mystified by renormalization theory in quantum field theory.
Author:
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814531235
Category : Cosmology
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
"Thermal field theory is the study of quantum field theory at non-zero temperature. This proceedings introduces both retrospect and prospect for various aspects of thermal field theory as well as their extensive applications to condensed matter physics, high energy physics, cosmology, nuclear physics, etc. Also included are speeches memorizing the recently lamented Professor Hiroomi Umezawa, a leading physicist in thermal field theory, by his former students and colleagues."--Publisher's website.
Author: ERCUMENT OZIZMIR
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 85
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Book Description
Author: Bertrand Duplantier
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3319325361
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 139
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Book Description
This fifteenth volume of the Poincare Seminar Series, Dirac Matter, describes the surprising resurgence, as a low-energy effective theory of conducting electrons in many condensed matter systems, including graphene and topological insulators, of the famous equation originally invented by P.A.M. Dirac for relativistic quantum mechanics. In five highly pedagogical articles, as befits their origin in lectures to a broad scientific audience, this book explains why Dirac matters. Highlights include the detailed "Graphene and Relativistic Quantum Physics", written by the experimental pioneer, Philip Kim, and devoted to graphene, a form of carbon crystallized in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice, from its discovery in 2004-2005 by the future Nobel prize winners Kostya Novoselov and Andre Geim to the so-called relativistic quantum Hall effect; the review entitled "Dirac Fermions in Condensed Matter and Beyond", written by two prominent theoreticians, Mark Goerbig and Gilles Montambaux, who consider many other materials than graphene, collectively known as "Dirac matter", and offer a thorough description of the merging transition of Dirac cones that occurs in the energy spectrum, in various experiments involving stretching of the microscopic hexagonal lattice; the third contribution, entitled "Quantum Transport in Graphene: Impurity Scattering as a Probe of the Dirac Spectrum", given by Hélène Bouchiat, a leading experimentalist in mesoscopic physics, with Sophie Guéron and Chuan Li, shows how measuring electrical transport, in particular magneto-transport in real graphene devices - contaminated by impurities and hence exhibiting a diffusive regime - allows one to deeply probe the Dirac nature of electrons. The last two contributions focus on topological insulators; in the authoritative "Experimental Signatures of Topological Insulators", Laurent Lévy reviews recent experimental progress in the physics of mercury-telluride samples under strain, which demonstrates that the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator hosts a two-dimensional massless Dirac metal; the illuminating final contribution by David Carpentier, entitled "Topology of Bands in Solids: From Insulators to Dirac Matter", provides a geometric description of Bloch wave functions in terms of Berry phases and parallel transport, and of their topological classification in terms of invariants such as Chern numbers, and ends with a perspective on three-dimensional semi-metals as described by the Weyl equation. This book will be of broad general interest to physicists, mathematicians, and historians of science.
Author: Jean Cleymans
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642878210
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
The 6th Advanced Course in Theoretical Physics was held at the University of Cape Town, January 8-19, 1990. The topic of the course was "Phase Structure of Strongly Interacting Matter". There were ten invited speakers from overseas, each having up to six hours in which to present his field of research to a relatively small audience of about 50 participants. This allowed for the presentation of a broad, coherent and pedagogical review of the present status of the field. In addition there were several one-hour presentations by local participants. The main emphasis of the course was on the study of the properties of high density hot nuclear matter. This field is of particular interest because of the belief that a deconfined quark-gluon plasma could be created in such an environment when the temperature reaches about 200MeV. In the nuclear regime a so-called "liquid-to-gas" phase transition is expected at a temperature of approximately 10- 20MeV. Both of these topics received ample attention at the school. Owing the nature of the field, there exists much overlapping interest from both the nuclear physics and high-energy particle physics communities. It is hoped that these proceedings will contribute to building a bridge between the two groups.
Author: Xiaofeng Luo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811944415
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
This book highlights the discussions by renown researchers on questions emerged during transition from the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) to the future electron ion collider (EIC). Over the past two decades, the RHIC has provided a vast amount of data over a wide range of the center of mass energies. What are the scientific priorities, after RHIC is shut down and turned to the future EIC? What should be the future focuses of the high-energy nuclear collisions? What are thermodynamic properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at large baryon density? Where is the phase boundary between quark-gluon-plasma and hadronic matter at high baryon density? How does one make connections from thermodynamics learned in high-energy nuclear collisions to astrophysical topics, to name few, the inner structure of compact stars, and perhaps more interestingly, the dynamical processes of the merging of neutron stars? While most particle physicists are interested in Dark Matter, we should focus on the issues of Visible Matter! Multiple heavy-ion accelerator complexes are under construction: NICA at JINR (4 ~ 11 GeV), FAIR at GSI (2 ~ 4.9 GeV SIS100), HIAF at IMP (2 ~ 4 GeV). In addition, the heavy-ion collision has been actively discussed at the J-PARC. The book is a collective work of top researchers from the field where some of the above-mentioned basic questions will be addressed. We believe that answering those questions will certainly advance our understanding of the phase transition in early universe as well as its evolution that leads to today's world of nature.
Author: Gregory V. Vereshchagin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316982564
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 343
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Book Description
Relativistic kinetic theory has widespread application in astrophysics and cosmology. The interest has grown in recent years as experimentalists are now able to make reliable measurements on physical systems where relativistic effects are no longer negligible. This ambitious monograph is divided into three parts. It presents the basic ideas and concepts of this theory, equations and methods, including derivation of kinetic equations from the relativistic BBGKY hierarchy and discussion of the relation between kinetic and hydrodynamic levels of description. The second part introduces elements of computational physics with special emphasis on numerical integration of Boltzmann equations and related approaches, as well as multi-component hydrodynamics. The third part presents an overview of applications ranging from covariant theory of plasma response, thermalization of relativistic plasma, comptonization in static and moving media to kinetics of self-gravitating systems, cosmological structure formation and neutrino emission during the gravitational collapse.
