Regional, Racial, and Gender Differences in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Multiple United States PDF Download
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Author: Fehmida Toor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Public health
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Fehmida Toor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Public health
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Evette D. Toney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Colon (Anatomy)
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Author: Jason Robert Hodges
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. While overall CRC rates have been in decline since the 1960s, these declines are not observed equally across all racial/ethinc groups. Specifically, African Americans exhibit disparities in CRC incidence, stage of diagnosis, and survival. Additionally, African Americans have lower rates of CRC screening uptake when compared to Whites. This health protective behavior has been proven to lower CRC mortality, so it is paramount we understand barriers to engagement in CRC screening. The research literature provides some knowledge of commonly faced barriers, however, there is a gap in understanding the differences in barriers to screening as experienced among African American men and women who have never been screened for CRC. To explore these questions, a qualitative study design was used. A total of 32 African Americans, 17 men and 15 women, participates in a semi-structured interview to learn about potential gender differences in barriers to screening as well as to learn about any barriers not currently found in the literature. Findings resulted in the discovery of barriers experienced by African American men, which were linked to ideas of masculine identity and norms. These included: stigma and embarrassment, not engaging in preventative healthcare, and not believing in the preventability of cancer overall. African American women were more likely to identify health behaviors to prevent cancer, willing to undergo invasive medical procedures like a colonoscopy, and believe that cancer is preventable. Implications of these findings on CRC screening interventions as well as future research are also explored.
Author: Ryan J. Ehrensberger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Colon (Anatomy)
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Despite strong evidence that screening for Colorectal cancer (CRC) can reduce cancer incidence and mortality, screening adherence remains low. Racial differences in CRC incidence and mortality are well documented in the literature. Racial differences in CRC screening use remain mixed with most studies using race as an independent variable and focusing on racial differences in CRC screening rates. Few studies have examined correlates of CRC screening use, stratifying by race. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are racial differences in correlates of CRC screening, using the Health Belief Model as the theoretical framework. Data analyzed in this study came from the 2003 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) of the National Cancer Institute. White (n=1988) and non-white (562) respondents age & [greater or equal] 50 years, without a history of cancer were interviewed by phone. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify correlates of FOBT and endoscopy adherence stratified by race and screening test. Independent variables included age, gender, education, income, insurance status, regular care visit frequency, perceived risk of CRC, family history of cancer, CRC knowledge, cancer worry, perceptions of screening benefits, and perceptions of expense as a barrier. Predictors of adherence to FOBT for whites included being older and having at least 1 regular car visit. Predictors of FOBT adherence for non-whites included having health insurance. Endoscopy adherence for whites was significantly associated with being older, being female, and agreeing with perceptions of benefits to CRC screening. Predictors of endoscopy adherence for non-whites included being older, and disagreeing with perceptions of benefits to CRC screening. Such differences, if confirmed in future studies, may inform race-specific interventions to increase CRC screening utilization.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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In the United States, Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths, affecting both men and women of all race/ethnicities. Preventative measures such as screening have significantly contributed to an overall reduction of incidence and mortality rates; however the underutilization of CRC screening by high at risk populations continue to be a problem in the United States. Previous studies have continuously identified lower CRC screening rates among the uninsured, low income and less educated individuals. Using the most current available data on cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey 2010, this study assessed up-to-date CRC screening adherence between ethnic/racial groups in order to identify any screening disparities that have historically been present among minority ethnic/racial groups. Understanding barriers to CRC screening among high at risk populations can lead to the development and implementation of culturally sensitive and cost-effective programs that may contribute to the overall reduction of cancer burden in the United States.
Author: William B. Coleman
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 1597454583
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 868
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Book Description
This book covers the concepts of molecular medicine and personalized medicine. Subsequent chapters cover the topics of genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics, as the tools of molecular pathology and foundations of molecular medicine. These chapters are followed by a series of chapters that provide overviews of molecular medicine as applied broadly to neoplastic, genetic, and infectious diseases, as well as a chapter on molecular diagnostics. The volume concludes with a chapter that delves into the promise of molecular medicine in the personalized treatment of patients with complex diseases, along with a discussion of the challenges and obstacles to personalized patient care. The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer, Second Edition, is a valuable resource for oncologists, researchers, and all medical professionals who work with cancer.
Author: Joseph Anderson, MD
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1607613980
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Colorectal Cancer Screening provides a complete overview of colorectal cancer screening, from epidemiology and molecular abnormalities, to the latest screening techniques such as stool DNA and FIT, Computerized Tomography (CT) Colonography, High Definition Colonoscopes and Narrow Band Imaging. As the text is devoted entirely to CRC screening, it features many facts, principles, guidelines and figures related to screening in an easy access format. This volume provides a complete guide to colorectal cancer screening which will be informative to the subspecialist as well as the primary care practitioner. It represents the only text that provides this up to date information about a subject that is continually changing. For the primary practitioner, information on the guidelines for screening as well as increasing patient participation is presentedd. For the subspecialist, information regarding the latest imaging techniques as well as flat adenomas and chromoendoscopy are covered. The section on the molecular changes in CRC will appeal to both groups. The text includes up to date information about colorectal screening that encompasses the entire spectrum of the topic and features photographs of polyps as well as diagrams of the morphology of polyps as well as photographs of CT colonography images. Algorithms are presented for all the suggested guidelines. Chapters are devoted to patient participation in screening and risk factors as well as new imaging technology. This useful volume explains the rationale behind screening for CRC. In addition, it covers the different screening options as well as the performance characteristics, when available in the literature, for each test. This volume will be used by the sub specialists who perform screening tests as well as primary care practitioners who refer patients to be screened for colorectal cancer.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309071542
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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We know more about cancer prevention, detection, and treatment than ever beforeâ€"yet not all segments of the U.S. population have benefited to the fullest extent possible from these advances. Some ethnic minorities experience more cancer than the majority population, and poor peopleâ€"no matter what their ethnicityâ€"often lack access to adequate cancer care. This book provides an authoritative view of cancer as it is experienced by ethnic minorities and the medically underserved. It offers conclusions and recommendations in these areas: Defining and understanding special populations, and improving the collection of cancer-related data. Setting appropriate priorities for and increasing the effectiveness of specific National Institutes of Health (NIH) research programs, to ensure that special populations are represented in clinical trials. Disseminating research results to health professionals serving these populations, with sensitivity to the issues of cancer survivorship. The book provides background data on the nation's struggle against cancer, activities and expenditures of the NIH, and other relevant topics.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 537
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